偏滤器-连接可控核聚变和商业发电的桥梁 20251103 摘要 第四代核反应堆利用快中子辐照铀 238 废料生成钚 239，聚变堆则以氘 为燃料，被视为解决长期能源问题的方案。国内发展路线包括中科院的 合肥方案（EAST、BESIII、CFETR）和中核集团的环流系列，目标均 在本世纪中叶建成商用聚变堆。 面向等离子体部件（PFCs）是聚变堆核心，负责能量转换和氚增殖。包 层是重要组成部分，通过一、二回路系统加热水产生蒸汽发电，并需增 殖氚以确保持续供应。偏滤器则用于导出聚变反应副产物氦，承受极高 热负荷。 国际上主要有惯性约束、磁约束和磁惯性约束三种可控核聚变方式。氘 氚反应因所需温度较低（1 亿度）而常见。氚的增殖通过中子轰击锂-6 实现，并利用中子倍增剂（如铍）提高效率。高能中子还可将铀-238 转 化为钚-239。 聚变裂变混合堆的包层分为屏蔽包层和增值包层，分别用于屏蔽辐射和 增殖氚。增值包层包含锂、铍等功能性颗粒，高能中子辐照可将铀-238 转化为钚-239，对核电生产至关重要。偏滤器利用磁场偏转高能氦，其 材料选择对承受高热负荷至关重要。 Q&A 可控核聚变的背景和我国核能的发展战略是什么？ 我 ...

Investment Rating - The report maintains an "Overweight" rating for the nuclear fusion industry, indicating a positive outlook for investment opportunities in this sector [6]. Core Insights - Nuclear fusion is expected to become the ultimate energy source, with accelerated industrial progress driven by policy, capital support, and advancements in AI technology [1][6]. - The industry is optimistic about the feasibility of nuclear fusion power generation, with approximately 84% of surveyed companies believing it can be achieved by 2040 [1]. - Various technical routes for nuclear fusion are being explored, with the Tokamak being the most mature and widely applied technology [2][6]. Summary by Sections 1. Nuclear Fusion as the Ultimate Energy Source - Nuclear fusion combines light atomic nuclei under high temperature and pressure to release significant energy, offering high energy density and safety advantages [1][18]. - The industry is optimistic about the engineering feasibility of nuclear fusion, with AI developments accelerating the commercialization process [30][36]. - Current challenges include energy balance, material performance, and tritium self-sustainability, which are being addressed through increased industrial efforts [41][42]. 2. Diverse Technical Routes for Nuclear Fusion - Nuclear fusion can be categorized into gravitational, magnetic, and inertial confinement, with magnetic confinement being the most viable option [46]. - The Tokamak technology is highlighted as the most mature and widely used, with significant advancements in plasma stability and engineering feasibility [55]. 3. Cost Structure of Tokamak Components - Major cost components of Tokamak include magnets, vacuum chambers, and other supporting systems, with superconducting magnets being a key focus for enhancing plasma confinement [3][4]. - The report emphasizes the importance of high-temperature superconducting materials in improving fusion reaction rates and reducing cooling costs [3]. 4. Global Support for Nuclear Fusion Industry - Governments and capital markets worldwide are increasingly investing in nuclear fusion, with several demonstration projects planned for construction between 2035 and 2040 [36]. - Key companies to watch include those involved in superconducting magnets, vacuum chambers, and other critical components, such as Western Superconducting Technologies and Shanghai Electric [4]. 5. Related Companies - The report suggests monitoring companies like Western Superconducting Technologies, Lianchuang Optoelectronics, and others involved in various aspects of the nuclear fusion supply chain [4].

Investment Rating - The industry investment rating is "Positive" (maintained) [1] Core Viewpoints - The controlled nuclear fusion sector is experiencing steady progress in research and construction, with continuous order releases, indicating a positive long-term development outlook [8][35] - The BEST device construction has fully commenced, and the core component bidding is expected to accelerate [6][22] - Recent breakthroughs in plasma discharge frequency and intensity by Zap Energy mark significant advancements towards commercialization [20][21] Summary by Sections Sector Review - In the week of October 9-10, 2025, most segments within the controlled nuclear fusion sector saw price increases, with notable gains in individual stocks such as Hahai Huadong (+29.6%), Hezhuan Intelligent (+21.0%), and Antai Technology (+21.0%) [5][15] - The magnetic materials segment rose by 10.9%, vacuum chamber and metal forgings by 10.8%, and upstream metal materials by 7.6% [17] Industry Dynamics - The BEST device's key component, the Dewar base, has been successfully installed, marking a new phase in the project [22] - Germany announced a €2 billion fusion action plan aimed at establishing a demonstration reactor by the 2040s [25] - Gauss Fusion released a concept design report for Europe's first commercial fusion power plant, with an estimated investment of €15-18 billion [31] Company Developments - Hangyang Group won a bid for a low-temperature liquid helium testing system project, which is crucial for the controlled nuclear fusion low-temperature system [34] Weekly Perspective - The ongoing development of nuclear fusion devices and the release of orders are viewed positively for the sector's long-term prospects, with a focus on core components such as magnets, main units, and power supplies [35]