"人造太阳"尚未照进现实，但核聚变概念已经在股市发光发热。年初至今，截至10月10日收盘，中洲特 材（300963.SZ）、合锻智能（603011.SH）、永鼎股份（600105.SH）等10只成分股股价翻倍，最高涨 幅达271.94%。 9月下旬以来，核聚变工程化与商业化加速的消息持续发酵，带升板块热度。近日，位于合肥的核聚变 装置——BEST的建设进展也给二级市场加了一把火。10月10日，A股震荡调整之际，核聚变个股依旧 活跃，合锻智能在近9个交易日收获5个涨停板，公司有关人士告诉《华夏时报》记者，"我们只承接了 合肥BEST项目一半的真空室（聚变反应发生装置）研制，订单接得比较早，目前真空室已在制造并逐 步交付中。" 据了解，国内外已有的核聚变项目主要属于科学实验装置，旨在验证聚变发电的科学和工程可行性，并 不在商业示范或应用范畴。合锻智能有关人士也表示，"虽然目前频繁出现新闻和招标项目，但（核聚 变）并没有结论性或实质性的进展，二级市场投的可能是预期。目前能源紧缺是迫在眉睫的问题，核聚 变是未来的必然方向，至于要像风电一样成熟应用，应该需要很长时间。" 核电个股活跃 国庆节后首个交易日，核聚变、核电概 ...

Company Overview - Xinlai Clean Application Materials Co., Ltd. is located in Kunshan, Jiangsu Province, established on July 12, 2000, and listed on September 6, 2011 [3] - The company specializes in the research, production, and sales of high-purity stainless steel materials for clean applications, including vacuum chambers, pumps, valves, flanges, pipelines, and fittings [2][3] Financial Performance - For the first half of 2025, the company achieved operating revenue of 1.409 billion yuan, a year-on-year decrease of 0.62% [3] - The net profit attributable to shareholders was 108 million yuan, down 23.06% year-on-year [3] - Since its A-share listing, the company has distributed a total of 185 million yuan in dividends, with 85.065 million yuan distributed in the last three years [3] Stock Performance - On September 23, the stock price increased by 3.40%, with a trading volume of 1.891 billion yuan and a turnover rate of 15.51%, bringing the total market capitalization to 18.098 billion yuan [1] - The average trading cost of the stock is 40.19 yuan, and it is currently near a resistance level of 45.97 yuan, which, if broken, could trigger an upward trend [3] Institutional Holdings - As of June 30, 2025, the top ten circulating shareholders include Southern CSI 1000 ETF with 1.8736 million shares and Hong Kong Central Clearing Limited with 1.8397 million shares [4] - Notably, Bosera Credit Bond A/B has exited the list of top ten circulating shareholders [4] Market Position - The company is involved in multiple sectors, including photolithography machines, photoresists, and semiconductor applications, with clients including major manufacturers like Applied Materials, LAM, and Northern Huachuang [2] - The main business focuses on high-purity applications in semiconductor chip manufacturing processes such as Physical Vapor Deposition (PVD), Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD), photolithography, and etching [2]

Core Insights - The report highlights the rapid development and commercialization potential of controlled nuclear fusion technology, which is seen as a key direction for future energy strategies globally [2][3][4] - The introduction of the Atomic Energy Law in China is expected to promote sustainable development in the nuclear energy sector and support research and technology development in controlled nuclear fusion [2][3] - The industry is experiencing significant growth opportunities, particularly in upstream materials and midstream processing sectors, driven by the bidding and construction activities of leading domestic fusion enterprises [4][5] Industry Overview - Controlled nuclear fusion is regarded as the "ultimate solution" in the energy sector, with the potential to lead a new technological revolution similar to the advent of the steam engine and electrification [2] - The commercialization of Tokamak fusion reactors is anticipated to occur between 2031 and 2035, according to a survey by FIA [2] Market Dynamics - The report indicates that high-temperature superconductors, first wall materials, low-temperature systems, heat exchangers, and vacuum chambers are considered critical components for fusion devices [4][5] - The domestic fusion supply chain is expected to benefit from the initial high growth phase, with upstream material suppliers and midstream processing companies poised to share in the industry's growth [4] Key Components and Technologies - High-temperature superconductors are projected to see a significant market expansion, with expectations that they will capture 25% of the global superconducting materials market by 2030 [4] - The blanket module, which includes the first wall, is identified as a critical component for the future of controlled nuclear fusion, with companies like Guoguang Electric being highlighted for their production capabilities [5] - Tungsten-copper divertors are noted as a promising solution for managing plasma contamination and heat, with companies such as Antai Technology recommended for their supply capabilities [6] Manufacturing and Processing - The vacuum chamber is emphasized for its high processing barriers and critical role in the safe operation of fusion reactors, with companies like Hezhong Intelligent suggested for their manufacturing experience [6][7] - The report suggests that companies with integrated solutions for vacuum chamber manufacturing and processing will have a competitive advantage in the market [6][7]

Core Viewpoint - The Japanese semiconductor equipment parts market is facing challenges as many manufacturers have not benefited from the AI boom, despite significant investments in hardware like Nvidia chips. There is a pressing need for industry consolidation to enhance competitiveness and profitability [2][3]. Group 1: Market Dynamics - Prices for semiconductor manufacturing equipment parts have not increased, contrasting with rising prices in other sectors across Japan [2]. - The domestic sales of Japan's semiconductor tool parts industry are less than 100 billion yen (approximately 6.8 billion USD) [2]. - Marumae Corporation, a key player in this niche market, holds a 7% market share and generates annual revenue of about 5 billion yen (approximately 34.5 million USD) [3]. Group 2: Company Strategies - Marumae's president, Maeda Toshikazu, emphasizes the need for consolidation in the industry, having recently acquired KM Aluminum for 9 billion yen [2]. - The company is exploring potential acquisitions in areas related to semiconductor manufacturing and is also looking into aerospace and defense sectors, which are seen as challenging yet profitable [2][3]. - Marumae has a current operating profit margin of approximately 20%, a significant increase from 3% in the previous fiscal year [3]. Group 3: Competitive Landscape - Smaller suppliers struggle to negotiate better prices due to their lack of scale, resulting in profit margins below 10% [3]. - Major clients like Tokyo Electron and Applied Materials maintain high operating profit margins around 30%, even amidst challenges such as order cancellations from Intel [4]. - Competitors often reject acquisition proposals, supported by local banks, and face structural barriers that hinder market consolidation [4]. Group 4: Future Outlook - The next potential acquisition for Marumae may take years, as many competitors lack succession plans and are aging [4]. - Concerns about technology leakage prevent clients from supporting supplier consolidation, as vacuum components are tailored for specific equipment [4]. - Foreign companies are also eyeing Japan's semiconductor technology, which could pose a threat to local firms if unique skills and technologies are acquired [4].

Group 1: Industry Overview - The controlled nuclear fusion, known as "artificial sun," is considered a key to achieving infinite, clean, and safe energy, and has become a strategic direction for many countries since the 20th century [3] - The nuclear fusion industry is experiencing rapid commercialization and industrialization, with significant interest in both primary and secondary markets [4] - The global market for nuclear fusion is expected to reach a scale of trillions, with various regions in China, including Shanghai, Guangdong, Zhejiang, and Sichuan, targeting nuclear fusion as a future industry [7][8] Group 2: Company Developments - Several A-share companies, including Yingjie Electric, Lianchuang Optoelectronics, Hezhong Intelligent, and Jingye Intelligent, are accelerating their layouts in the nuclear fusion field, with recent disclosures of progress [10] - Yingjie Electric provides comprehensive key power supply services for nuclear fusion projects, successfully applied in multiple national-level projects [10] - Lianchuang Optoelectronics is advancing its "3+N" product layout in high-temperature superconducting equipment, aiming for increased product and technology contract amounts [10] - Hezhong Intelligent focuses on the R&D and manufacturing of complex components for fusion reactors, participating in the preliminary research of core components [10] - Shanghai Electric Group has become one of the most comprehensive equipment manufacturers in the nuclear fusion field, achieving 36 breakthroughs in key manufacturing technologies over 20 years [9] Group 3: Recent Milestones - Hanhai Fusion announced the completion of its HHMAX-901 main unit construction, marking a transition from laboratory to application for controlled nuclear fusion technology in China [2] - The BEST project in Hefei has advanced its total assembly work two months ahead of schedule, achieving significant milestones in plasma current and ion temperature [5] - The International Fusion Association (FIA) indicates that most fusion companies expect to achieve the first power supply to the grid between 2031 and 2035 [5]

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the rapid advancements in nuclear fusion projects both domestically and internationally, highlighting significant investments and technological breakthroughs that could lead to commercial viability in the near future [2][6][21]. Group 1: Recent Developments in Domestic Fusion Projects - The "BEST" project has commenced assembly ahead of schedule, with the goal of completing construction by 2027 [4]. - Various tenders related to the "BEST" and "Xinghuo No. 1" projects have been launched, indicating a robust pipeline of activities and investments [4][6]. - The "Chinese Circulation No. 3" project achieved a significant milestone with a fusion triple product reaching 10^20, marking a critical advancement in plasma performance [4]. Group 2: Investment and Financing Trends - TAE Technologies, a leading U.S. fusion company, raised over $150 million in its latest funding round, bringing its total funding to $1.35 billion, with participation from major investors like Chevron and Google [6]. - Japan announced an additional investment of 10 billion yen (approximately $69 million) into its three major fusion research institutions, aiming for commercialization in the 2030s [6]. - The UK government plans to invest £2.5 billion over the next five years to advance its fusion energy initiatives, including the STEP project [6]. Group 3: Technological Innovations Driving Progress - Innovative magnetic field structures, such as spherical tokamaks, are expected to enhance confinement performance and increase fusion power output in smaller volumes [8]. - The application of high-temperature superconductors is anticipated to significantly improve fusion output power by allowing for higher current densities and stronger magnetic fields [12][14]. - The integration of AI and supercomputing technologies is facilitating real-time predictions and optimizations in plasma behavior, thereby accelerating research and development processes [16]. Group 4: Global Competition and Market Dynamics - The U.S. and China are the largest investors in nuclear fusion, with China's investment growth outpacing that of the U.S. in recent years [18][23]. - As of 2024, the U.S. has invested $5.63 billion in fusion, while China has invested $2.49 billion, indicating a competitive landscape [23]. - The article outlines the potential for fusion energy to meet global energy demands sustainably, with significant advantages over traditional energy sources [21][24]. Group 5: Future Outlook and Application Scenarios - The most optimistic projections suggest that the first fusion power plant could connect to the grid between 2025 and 2030, while a more conservative estimate places this timeline between 2031 and 2035 [48]. - The potential applications of nuclear fusion include electricity generation, industrial heating, and propulsion for spacecraft, with key developments expected around 2030 [53][55]. - The article highlights a "three-step" strategy for China's fusion energy application, progressing from experimental validation to commercial demonstration [42].

Summary of Fusion Industry Conference Call Industry Overview - The conference call focused on the nuclear fusion industry, particularly advancements in magnetic confinement fusion technology, specifically the stellarator and tokamak designs [1][3][4]. Key Points and Arguments - **Significant Progress in Europe**: Germany's Fusion has completed a record €130 million financing, aiming to establish a 1GW fusion power plant by early 2030, indicating strong market support for the stellarator approach [1][3]. - **Comparison of Magnetic Confinement Devices**: The stellarator does not require plasma current drive, leading to more stable operation, although it has a more complex magnetic field structure and slightly inferior confinement performance compared to tokamaks [1][4][5]. - **Achievements of W7-X Stellarator**: The W7-X stellarator in Germany achieved a discharge duration of 43 seconds, with fusion triple product levels comparable to or slightly exceeding China's EAST, highlighting the feasibility of the stellarator technology [1][7][8]. - **Importance of Fusion Triple Product**: The fusion triple product, which considers temperature, plasma density, and energy confinement time, is crucial for assessing controllable nuclear fusion. Focusing on comprehensive indicators rather than single factors is essential [1][8]. - **Domestic Advancements in China**: The South China No. 3 device has reached and exceeded the optimal ignition temperature of 160 million degrees Celsius, suggesting accelerated future progress in domestic fusion research [1][9]. Catalysts for Future Growth - **Potential Catalysts in 2025**: The nuclear fusion sector may experience multiple catalysts for growth, including policy support, industrial developments (e.g., Shanghai Superconductor IPO, various project tenders), the EU's fusion strategy announcement, and the UK's £2.5 billion investment plan over five years [1][9]. Key Components and Companies to Watch - **Focus on Key Components**: Attention should be given to critical components such as the divertor (produced by Guoguang Electric, Antai Technology, and HEDON Intelligent), vacuum chambers (by HEDON Intelligent and Shanghai Electric), and low-temperature superconductors (developed by Western Superconducting) [2][10]. - **Emerging Companies**: Other notable companies include Yuyuan Co., Jinda Co., Shanghai Superconductor, Yongding Co., and Jin Da Co. Companies in power supply, such as Wangzi New Materials and Exabio, are also highlighted for their performance and development efforts [2][10]. Development Status of Stellarators and Tokamaks - **Domestic vs. International Development**: While China primarily focuses on tokamaks, significant progress has been made in stellarators. Internationally, both designs are advancing rapidly, necessitating increased attention and investment in stellarator technology domestically [1][11].

Core Viewpoint - The company is a leading enterprise in the high-end forming machine tool and intelligent sorting equipment industry, with a focus on the nuclear fusion sector, which is expected to drive its growth trajectory in the coming years [1][3]. Group 1: Nuclear Fusion Industry Developments - The company has accelerated its involvement in nuclear fusion projects, winning contracts for key components such as vacuum chambers and gravity supports, indicating a strong order pipeline [1][2]. - The domestic nuclear fusion industry is projected to grow rapidly, with significant projects like CFEDR and various hybrid reactors expected to commence in the near future, positioning the company to benefit from this growth [2][3]. - Global nuclear fusion initiatives, including the ITER project and private sector efforts in the U.S. and Japan, highlight the increasing international focus on fusion energy, which may create additional opportunities for the company [2][3]. Group 2: Core Business Performance - The company is recognized as a champion in the forming machine tool sector, with products utilized across various industries including automotive, aerospace, and defense, showing a robust recovery in its core business [3][4]. - The hydraulic press segment has seen significant advancements, particularly in applications related to new energy vehicles, contributing to an increase in market share [3][4]. - The mechanical press segment is experiencing growth due to rising demand from the new energy vehicle sector and domestic brands, with a notable increase in orders for high-end automated pressure machines [4]. Group 3: Intelligent Sorting Equipment - The company is a pioneer in the optical sorting equipment market, with a strong focus on applications in food safety and recycling, leading to a substantial increase in revenue from this segment [4]. - The revenue from the color sorting machine business is projected to grow significantly, reflecting a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of approximately 26.2% from 2021 to 2024 [4]. Group 4: Financial Projections - The company is expected to achieve revenues of 24.8 billion, 28.4 billion, and 33.5 billion from 2025 to 2027, with corresponding net profits of 0.37 billion, 1.34 billion, and 2.58 billion [5]. - The current valuation reflects the early-stage development of the nuclear fusion industry, suggesting substantial future growth potential [5][6].

Investment Rating - The report does not explicitly state an investment rating for the controlled nuclear fusion industry. Core Insights - Controlled nuclear fusion is considered a strategic energy source that is safe, clean, low-carbon, and has high energy density, potentially solving humanity's energy problems [12][18]. - The energy balance is a critical indicator for the commercial viability of controlled nuclear fusion, with future energy gain indicators expected to exceed 10 [22]. - The global timeline for achieving operational demonstration reactors is set for 2050, with significant advancements expected in the coming years [54][56]. Summary by Sections Section 1: Energy Solutions - Controlled nuclear fusion is a promising solution to energy needs, utilizing abundant fuel sources like deuterium from seawater, which could support humanity's energy demands for thousands of years [18][20]. - The energy gain (Q value) is a key metric, with a threshold of Q=1 indicating feasibility for scientific and engineering applications [22][23]. Section 2: Technological Progress - The report highlights the transition from copper-based magnets to high-temperature superconductors in fusion devices, which enhances efficiency and reduces costs [52][73]. - Major global projects like ITER are pivotal in advancing fusion technology, with significant international collaboration [59][62]. Section 3: Industry Structure - The current focus is on the midstream components of fusion devices and upstream materials, with a detailed breakdown of the value chain [98][100]. - Key materials include low-temperature superconductors, high-temperature superconductors, tungsten, and stainless steel, which are essential for the construction of fusion reactors [100][103]. Section 4: Market Opportunities - The report identifies upstream material suppliers and midstream equipment manufacturers as core beneficiaries of the fusion industry, with specific companies highlighted for their roles [114][117]. - The downstream segment includes research institutions and private fusion companies, indicating a growing market for fusion technology applications [117].

Summary of Controlled Nuclear Fusion Industry Conference Call Industry Overview - The controlled nuclear fusion industry is experiencing significant milestones, with projects like ITER completing the construction of core pulse superconducting magnet systems and China's Circulation No. 3 renovation project starting, with total investments reaching several hundred million [1][2][3] - Major economies including the US, UK, Japan, and the EU are accelerating the commercialization of controlled nuclear fusion, aiming for energy structure transformation and environmental protection [1][6] Key Developments - The EAST project in Hefei has started two months ahead of schedule and demonstrated power generation capabilities, marking a major breakthrough in making controlled nuclear fusion a reality [2] - The industry is transitioning from scientific validation to engineering validation, with various construction and design tenders being launched [3][18] - Significant contributions from China include advancements in superconducting tokamak technology by institutions like the Southwest Institute of Physics and the Chinese Academy of Sciences [5] Future Projections - Commercialization of controlled nuclear fusion is expected to begin after 2035 or 2040, with experimental pile construction and equipment tenders occurring beforehand [1][9] - 2025 is seen as a pivotal year for the industry, with projects like EAST and Spark entering construction and equipment phases, potentially attracting hundreds of billions in investments [3][16] Market Dynamics - The market for controlled nuclear fusion is projected to expand significantly due to increased experimental pile construction and equipment tenders, alongside advancements in AI and high-temperature superconducting materials [13][10] - The total investment for a single tokamak device is approximately $1.2 billion, with the market for superconducting technology potentially reaching $14.8 billion if high-temperature superconducting technology is utilized [14][15] Key Players and Components - Key components in the controlled nuclear fusion industry include magnet systems, filters, blanket systems, vacuum chambers, and vacuum dewars, with magnet systems accounting for a significant portion of costs [17] - Companies with high participation in the controlled nuclear fusion sector include Lianchuang Optoelectronics, Yongding Co., Yinlong Co., Jinda Co., and Guoguang Electric, all of which are involved in critical product segments [19] Investment Opportunities - The industry is forming a resonance effect, accelerating the industrialization process, with increased capital market attention and strategic investments from companies like PetroChina and Shanghai Future Energy [7][8] - The focus on core components and equipment manufacturing in the controlled nuclear fusion supply chain presents significant investment opportunities [17][19]