【文/观察者网专栏作者 流纹岩】 6月26日，美国诺斯洛普·格鲁曼公司进行了"助推器换代和寿命延长"（Booster Obsolescence and Life Extension，BOLE）助推器的"演示发动机-1"（Demonstration Motor-1）地面试验。这是人类有史以来第 二大的固体火箭点火实验，计划点火140秒，地点位于美国犹他州普罗蒙特里生产和测试基地试验场。 诺斯洛普·格鲁曼公司为BOLE助推器设置了763个测点以检测发动机性能，并安装了二氧化碳熄火系 统，以保证关机后助推器的安全，避免余药引燃试验台等现象。但即使做了大量准备，BOLE还是在接 近关机的时候出现了异常。 根据试车情况分析，BOLE助推器点火后101秒，位于天顶面的喉部下侧首先烧穿，喷出了火焰。随后 当地面报出"点火110秒"的几乎同一时刻，BOLE的喷管破裂并飞出，而发动机继续点火直至其内部的固 体推进剂燃尽。 BOLE尾喷管崩落的瞬间 BOLE是用于替代目前"太空发射系统"的5.5段式"五段重复使用固体火箭"（RSRMV），后者又继承自 航天飞机"重复使用固体火箭"（RSRM），采用相对古老的钢制壳体和TP-H11 ...

Core Viewpoint - The deteriorating relationship between Trump and Musk poses significant risks to NASA and the Pentagon, as they heavily rely on SpaceX for various space and defense projects [1][2][7] Group 1: SpaceX's Role and Contracts - SpaceX has received over $22 billion in non-classified contracts from the U.S. Department of Defense and NASA since 2000 [1] - Currently, SpaceX is the only U.S. spacecraft capable of transporting astronauts and supplies to the International Space Station (ISS) [2] - NASA has awarded SpaceX contracts totaling over $15 billion, making it a core supplier for the agency [1][2] Group 2: Impact of Trump-Musk Conflict - Trump's threat to terminate all government contracts with Musk's companies could severely impact NASA's operations, particularly its ability to send astronauts to the ISS [2][6] - The conflict may lead to significant adjustments in U.S. space policy and budget allocations, potentially favoring other contractors like Boeing, which has faced delays and budget overruns [5][6] - Analysts suggest that if Trump prioritizes political retaliation, it could delay the development of U.S. space programs and affect military space capabilities [6][7] Group 3: Future Implications - The White House's proposed budget initially aimed to cut funding for costly projects like the Space Launch System (SLS) and Orion spacecraft, which would benefit SpaceX and other commercial space companies [6] - However, due to the conflict, a modified proposal may restore funding for these projects, particularly benefiting Boeing [6] - Experts warn that terminating contracts with SpaceX could lead to a significant loss of capabilities for the Pentagon and NASA, as no other company currently matches SpaceX's capabilities [7]

Core Viewpoint - The withdrawal of Jared Isaacman’s nomination as NASA Administrator by Trump indicates a shift towards a more politically aligned leadership, potentially impacting NASA's strategic direction and commercial partnerships, particularly with SpaceX [2][10][31]. Group 1: Political Dynamics - Trump announced the withdrawal of Isaacman's nomination due to his past donations to prominent Democrats, reflecting a preference for candidates with a "pure" political stance [2][10]. - The decision to withdraw the nomination may lead to a leadership vacuum at NASA, creating uncertainty in its long-term strategic planning [3][10]. - Trump's intention to nominate someone aligned with the "America First" agenda suggests a potential shift away from the commercialization and privatization trends that Isaacman represented [9][10]. Group 2: Impact on NASA and SpaceX - Isaacman, a billionaire and private astronaut, was seen as a candidate who could enhance NASA's efficiency through commercialization, which is now uncertain following the withdrawal [3][9]. - The potential new nominee, Steven Kwast, a retired Air Force general, indicates a possible return to a more traditional, government-focused approach to NASA's leadership [9][10]. - The cancellation of Isaacman's nomination raises questions about the future of NASA's lunar and Mars exploration strategies, which had been leaning towards commercial partnerships [9][10]. Group 3: Financial Implications - SpaceX has significantly benefited from NASA's commercial contracts, with over $84 billion invested in commercial crew programs, of which SpaceX accounts for about 30% [21]. - The political dynamics surrounding NASA's leadership could affect SpaceX's future contracts and operational strategies, particularly in light of the recent budget proposals that may cut NASA's funding [10][21]. - SpaceX's revenue is projected to grow significantly, with estimates suggesting a rise from $8.7 billion in 2023 to $13.1 billion in 2024, driven largely by its Starlink business [19].

《纽约时报》称，艾萨克曼日前已被告知这一决定，白宫发言人也在声明中证实了这一人事变动，并表 示新人选将很快由特朗普直接宣布。报道提到，艾萨克曼遭撤销提名之际，NASA正面临危机。特朗普 政府提出的2026财年预算提案拟将NASA预算削减1/4，并裁员数千人，同时终止对一系列项目的资助。 【环球时报报道 记者 刘扬】据美国《国会山报》《纽约时报》等媒体6月1日报道，当地时间5月31日， 白宫表示，将撤回对亿万富豪、马斯克盟友贾里德·艾萨克曼担任美国国家航空航天局（NASA）局长的 提名。特朗普去年12月提名艾萨克曼接任NASA局长。美国参议院相关委员会在今年4月底投票批准这 一提名，参议院对这项提名的全体表决原定于近期举行。据多名知情人士透露，撤销对艾萨克曼的提 名，是因为其曾向多名著名民主党人捐款。 据《华盛顿邮报》报道，艾萨克曼5月30日被告知撤回提名的消息，他拒绝对此置评。马斯克5月31日在 社交媒体上称"感到失望"。 中国航天专家庞之浩2日接受《环球时报》记者采访时表示，特朗普取消艾萨克曼的NASA局长提名， 对NASA可能产生多方面影响：在领导与决策层面，NASA在未来数月内仍可能面临"领导真空"问题 ...

Core Points - The Trump administration's proposed budget for NASA for fiscal year 2026 includes a significant reduction of approximately 25%, from $24.8 billion to $18.8 billion, while the defense budget increases by 13% to a historic high of $1.01 trillion [1][2] - The budget shift indicates a strategic focus on manned missions to Mars, with $1 billion allocated specifically for Mars exploration, while other NASA projects will face cuts and restructuring [2][3] - Major adjustments to the Artemis program are expected, including the potential retirement of the Space Launch System (SLS) and Orion spacecraft, which have been criticized for their high costs and delays [3][5] Budget Cuts and Impacts - The budget for space and Earth sciences, as well as mission support, will see a nearly 50% reduction, dropping from $7.325 billion to $3.899 billion [6] - Planetary science funding will decrease from $2.7 billion to $1.929 billion, with the Mars sample return mission being canceled due to budget overruns and delays [6][12] - Earth science funding will be cut by over 50%, with the new generation land satellite project being entirely canceled [6][12] International Cooperation and Competition - The cancellation of the Lunar Gateway project and other international collaborations raises concerns about the U.S. losing its leadership in space exploration [12][13] - The shift towards commercial space companies like SpaceX for future missions may disrupt traditional partnerships and lead to a more fragmented global space landscape [10][15] - Critics argue that the budget cuts will hinder international cooperation and alter the competitive dynamics in the global space industry [15] Commercial Space Sector - The budget cuts for NASA may benefit private space companies, as funding for Mars missions is expected to flow towards commercial launch providers [8][10] - SpaceX is positioned to take over many of the roles previously held by traditional aerospace contractors, with its Starship system being more cost-effective than NASA's SLS [10][11] - The reliance on fixed-price contracts for commercial projects may challenge traditional defense contractors while benefiting companies like SpaceX [11] Scientific Research and Development - The significant budget reductions are expected to limit NASA's scientific research capabilities, with major projects facing termination [7][12] - The cuts could lead to a loss of talent in the aerospace sector, as funding shortages may drive scientists and researchers away from NASA [7] - The overall impact on scientific data and research output could slow advancements in understanding the universe [15]

Core Viewpoint - The proposed budget from the White House suggests retiring the SLS rocket and the Lunar Gateway, casting doubt on the future of the Artemis program and signaling a significant shift in U.S. lunar ambitions [1][3][15]. Group 1: SLS Rocket and Lunar Gateway - The SLS rocket and Lunar Gateway were seen as essential components of the Artemis program, representing significant political and financial investments by NASA [3][5]. - The SLS rocket has faced continuous delays and budget overruns, with development costs reaching $24 billion and a per-launch cost of $4 billion, making it one of the most expensive rockets with minimal flight history [5][6]. - The political backing for SLS has been strong due to its distribution of contracts across various states, making it a "Congressional Rocket" that is difficult to cancel without significant political repercussions [6][7]. Group 2: Budget Proposal Implications - The budget proposal reflects a broader trend of budget cuts under the Trump administration, impacting NASA's ability to sustain the SLS and Lunar Gateway projects [7][15]. - The Lunar Gateway, initially envisioned as a critical hub for lunar missions, is now at risk of being abandoned due to its high costs and unclear functional benefits [10][11]. - The proposal to cut these projects indicates a potential strategic pivot towards more immediate and economically viable goals, such as Mars exploration and private space initiatives [15][16]. Group 3: Comparison with China's Lunar Program - The U.S. approach to lunar exploration has become increasingly complex, relying on multiple components like the Lunar Gateway, while China's strategy focuses on a more straightforward execution of lunar missions [19][20]. - China's lunar program emphasizes a clear and efficient path to landing and returning from the moon, contrasting with the U.S. strategy that has become bogged down in political and logistical challenges [20][21]. - The U.S. may risk falling behind in the lunar race as China's lunar missions progress steadily, highlighting the need for a reassessment of U.S. lunar ambitions and strategies [16][19].

要求大幅削减NASA科学的预算。 提议扼杀提取火星样本并重返地球的太空项目。 特朗普政府寻求对国际空间站（ISS）的人员规模和运营规模"瘦身"。 根据美国白宫预算方案，要求波音公司在三次试飞之后结束美国国家航空航天局（NASA）的太空发射 系统（SLS）项目。 ...