新华社洛杉矶2月27日电（记者谭晶晶）美国航空航天局27日宣布调整"阿耳忒弥斯"登月计划，将原计 划于2027年实施的载人登月任务推迟至2028年。 "阿耳忒弥斯2号"目前暂定在4月的发射窗口发射，但最终发射时间仍取决于数据分析结果及维修进展。 美国于2019年宣布"阿耳忒弥斯"登月计划，并于2022年11月完成"阿耳忒弥斯1号"无人绕月飞行测试任 务。此后，相关后续任务时间表已多次调整。（完） 按照新的规划，调整后的"阿耳忒弥斯3号"任务将尝试与美太空探索技术公司和蓝色起源公司正在研发 的商业月球着陆器进行交会对接，并进行在轨综合测试，对生命保障系统、通信系统和推进系统进行综 合检验，以及测试新一代舱外活动服等。美航空航天局将在与合作伙伴完成详细审查后，进一步确定此 次试飞任务的具体细节。 美航空航天局此次宣布调整登月计划前，"阿耳忒弥斯2号"载人绕月飞行任务近期实施了两次综合演 练，均出现技术问题，计划发射时间一再推迟。25日，美航空航天局将执行该任务的重型火箭"太空发 射系统"和"猎户座"飞船从发射台撤回装配大楼进行维修。美航空航天局表示，任务团队正处理火箭上 面级"过渡型低温推进级"的氦气供应异常问题 ...

Core Viewpoint - The "Artemis 2" manned lunar mission by NASA has faced multiple delays due to technical issues and budget cuts, raising concerns about the future of the mission and the agency's capabilities [1][4]. Technical Challenges - The "Artemis 2" mission is set to use the Space Launch System (SLS) and Orion spacecraft to send four astronauts into lunar orbit. Recent rehearsals revealed significant technical problems, including a liquid hydrogen leak in the rocket's core stage and a helium supply interruption to the upper stage [2]. - The liquid hydrogen leak, which occurred during the first rehearsal, led to the postponement of the February launch window to March. This issue had previously been encountered during the "Artemis 1" mission, raising doubts about NASA's technical control [2]. - The second rehearsal faced a helium supply disruption, which, while not catastrophic, could affect propellant management and safety margins. Any single point anomaly must be thoroughly resolved before proceeding with manned deep space missions [2]. - The Orion spacecraft's heat shield has also been a point of contention, with concerns about its performance during re-entry. Anomalies observed during the "Artemis 1" mission have prompted calls for a deeper investigation into its structural integrity [3]. Budget Cuts Impact - The political environment and uncertainty surrounding budget allocations have added further complications to the manned lunar mission. The Trump administration proposed significant budget cuts for NASA in the FY 2026 budget draft, affecting key projects like the SLS and Orion spacecraft [4]. - These budget adjustments are expected to impact the overall funding and progress of the Artemis program, with potential "catastrophic" consequences for U.S. space science and global technological competitiveness [4]. - Analysts express concern that the current budget framework has diminished the priority of space initiatives, which were previously emphasized during Trump's first term [4]. Policy Instability - The long-term nature of space engineering projects requires stable policy support. Frequent changes in budget size and priorities can disrupt project management and supply chain predictability, ultimately slowing progress [6]. - The development history of the U.S. lunar return plan has been marked by contradictions and political maneuvering, leading to a decline in NASA's overall capabilities and oversight [6]. - The delays in the manned lunar mission are attributed not only to technical failures but also to the dual pressures of engineering risks and financial constraints. Budget instability may weaken NASA's supply chain coordination and personnel stability, extending execution timelines [6].

Core Viewpoint - The "Artemis 2" manned lunar mission has faced multiple delays due to technical issues and budget cuts, raising concerns about NASA's ability to manage the project effectively [1][4]. Technical Issues - The "Artemis 2" mission plans to use the Space Launch System (SLS) and Orion spacecraft to send four astronauts into lunar orbit. Recent rehearsals revealed significant technical problems, including a liquid hydrogen leak at the rocket's core propellant interface during the first rehearsal, leading to the postponement of the launch window from February to March [2] - A second rehearsal encountered a helium supply interruption to the rocket's upper stage, prompting NASA to return the rocket and spacecraft to the assembly building for repairs, further delaying the March launch [2] - The Orion spacecraft's heat shield has raised concerns due to performance issues during the "Artemis 1" mission, where material unexpectedly detached, indicating potential structural problems that require thorough investigation [3] Budget Cuts Impact - The Trump administration's proposed budget cuts for NASA in the fiscal year 2026 threaten to impact key projects, including the SLS, Orion spacecraft, and the Lunar Gateway, potentially disrupting the overall funding and progress of the Artemis program [4] - The American Astronomical Society warned that budget reductions could have "catastrophic impacts" on U.S. space science and weaken the country's global technological competitiveness [4] - Analysts express concern that the current political climate has diminished the priority of space exploration, which could lead to further delays in the Artemis program and affect the U.S.'s deep space exploration strategy [4][6] Policy Instability - The long-term nature of space engineering projects requires stable policy support, and frequent changes in budget and priorities can disrupt project management and supply chain predictability, ultimately slowing progress [6] - The history of the U.S. lunar return program has been marked by contradictions and political maneuvering, leading to concerns about NASA's overall capability and oversight [6] - The delays in the manned lunar mission are attributed not only to technical failures but also to the dual pressures of engineering risks and financial constraints, which may hinder NASA's operational stability and decision-making processes [6]

Core Viewpoint - The repeated delays of the Artemis II manned lunar mission highlight both technical challenges and underlying political and budgetary issues affecting NASA's operations [1][4]. Technical Challenges - The Artemis II mission, which aims to send four astronauts into lunar orbit using the Space Launch System (SLS) and Orion spacecraft, has faced multiple technical issues during recent rehearsals [2]. - In the first rehearsal, a liquid hydrogen leak occurred at the rocket's core stage, leading to a suspension of operations and a postponement of the launch window from February to March [2]. - The second rehearsal revealed a disruption in the helium supply to the rocket's upper stage, necessitating a return to the assembly building for repairs, further delaying the March launch [2]. - The Orion spacecraft's heat shield has raised concerns due to material loss during the Artemis I mission, indicating potential structural issues that require thorough investigation [3]. Budgetary and Political Factors - The Trump administration's proposed budget cuts for NASA in the fiscal year 2026 threaten funding for key projects, including the SLS, Orion spacecraft, and lunar Gateway, which could disrupt the overall funding and progress of the Artemis program [3][4]. - The American Astronomical Society has warned that these budget cuts could have a "catastrophic impact" on U.S. space science and weaken the country's global technological competitiveness [3]. - The current political environment has led to a decrease in the prioritization of space initiatives, raising concerns among industry experts about the long-term implications for NASA's capabilities and project timelines [4][5]. Strategic Implications - The instability in budget and policy could undermine NASA's supply chain coordination and personnel stability, leading to more cautious decision-making and extended execution timelines [5][6]. - The Artemis program is not just a launch mission but a critical framework for the U.S. to re-establish its presence on the Moon and develop a deep space exploration strategy [6].

【文/观察者网专栏作者 白玉京】 2026年美国差点抢下第一个航天大风头。 2月6日，美国原定"阿尔忒弥斯2号"任务计划发射，执行一次载人绕月飞行。这是自1972年"阿波罗17 号"以来，美国首次重新把宇航员送入深空月球轨道，展开绕月飞行，其象征意义不言而喻。 然而，不出意外地出了意外，首次湿式彩拍出现液氢泄露，发射日期暂时改到3月。 月光下的SLS大火箭，阴影重重，不断跳票，成为"鸽神" 然而，真正值得关注的，并不只是这次飞行能否顺利完成，而是它所依托的工程体系是否具备长期可持 续性。一个绕不开的现实是：即便动用了几乎全部可用的历史遗产，美国依然难以构建一套不确定性足 够低、能够长期稳定运行的载人深空工程体系。 相比一次发射的成败，理解这一现实，或许更有助于看清"阿尔忒弥斯体系"所面临的真实挑战。 更让美国难堪的是，承载中国载人登月的长征十号大火箭后发先至，携"梦舟"飞船首飞，并验证回收。 一不小心，中国作为"跟跑者"，变成"领跑者"，跑在了前面。 一图看懂"阿尔忒弥斯2号"任务 用遗产搭建积木 当SLS大火箭的各个部件逐渐堆叠起来，这头巨兽般的火箭赫然矗立在发射架上，而工作人员如同小蚂 蚁般在火箭总装厂房 ...

Core Points - NASA announced a delay in the Artemis 2 mission due to technical issues identified during a comprehensive rehearsal, with plans to return the rocket and spacecraft to the assembly building for troubleshooting and repairs [1] - The Artemis 2 mission aims to send four astronauts on a lunar orbit flight using the Space Launch System rocket and Orion spacecraft, following the successful Artemis 1 unmanned mission in November 2022 [2] Group 1 - The return of the rocket and spacecraft to the assembly building is necessary to identify the cause of the helium gas interruption affecting the rocket's transitional low-temperature propulsion stage [1] - The transportation process covers approximately 6.4 kilometers and is expected to take several hours, with the potential to retain the April launch window if preparations are expedited and issues are resolved [1] - The Artemis 2 mission was initially scheduled for February but has faced multiple delays due to technical problems encountered during rehearsals [1] Group 2 - The Artemis program was announced by the U.S. in 2019, with the Artemis 1 mission serving as a precursor to the upcoming Artemis 2 crewed lunar mission [2] - Following the completion of Artemis 2, NASA plans to advance the implementation of the Artemis 3 crewed lunar landing mission [2]

Core Viewpoint - NASA has announced a delay in the Artemis II mission due to technical issues identified during a comprehensive rehearsal, necessitating the return of the rocket and spacecraft to the assembly building for troubleshooting and repairs [1][2]. Group 1: Mission Details - The Artemis II mission aims to send four astronauts on a lunar orbit flight using the Space Launch System (SLS) rocket and Orion spacecraft [1]. - The mission was initially scheduled for February but has faced multiple delays due to technical problems encountered during rehearsals [1]. Group 2: Technical Issues - A disruption in the flow of helium to the rocket's transitional low-temperature propulsion stage was identified during the rehearsal process [1]. - NASA stated that the return of the rocket and spacecraft to the assembly building at Kennedy Space Center is a necessary step to determine the cause of the issue and implement repairs [1]. Group 3: Future Plans - The return process will cover approximately 6.4 kilometers and is expected to take several hours [1]. - If preparations are expedited and the issues are resolved quickly, there is a possibility of retaining the April launch window, although the final schedule will depend on data analysis and repair progress [1].

Core Viewpoint - The Artemis 2 manned lunar mission by NASA has been delayed due to new issues with the rocket, making a March launch window impossible [1] Group 1: Mission Details - The Artemis 2 mission is planned to last approximately 10 days, utilizing NASA's new Space Launch System rocket and Orion spacecraft to send four astronauts into lunar orbit [1] - The mission was initially set to launch in March after completing a second integrated test on February 19 [1] Group 2: Technical Issues - During the integrated test, a helium flow interruption occurred in the rocket's "interim cryogenic propulsion stage," necessitating a return to the assembly building for repairs [1] - This follows a previous issue during the first integrated test on February 2, where a liquid hydrogen leak at the core stage's propellant interface halted the countdown, leading to the abandonment of the February launch window [1] Group 3: Future Plans - Following the completion of the Artemis 2 mission, NASA plans to advance to the Artemis 3 manned lunar landing mission [1]

Core Points - NASA's Artemis 2 mission has been postponed due to technical issues, specifically problems with helium flow through the spacecraft system during routine pressurization [1] - The spacecraft is currently in a safe state, but the rocket must be retracted to the assembly building for repairs, eliminating the March launch window [1] - The Artemis program aims to return astronauts to the Moon, with Artemis 1 having completed its unmanned mission in November 2022, and Artemis 3 planned for crewed lunar landing, pending the development of the lunar lander [1] Summary by Category - **Technical Issues** - NASA's Artemis 2 mission will undergo rocket retraction due to helium flow issues similar to those encountered in the Artemis 1 mission [1] - The potential faults may involve components at the launch tower connection or internal valve systems of the spacecraft [1] - **Mission Timeline** - The planned launch date for Artemis 2 was March 6, but this has been canceled due to the need for repairs [1] - The Artemis program was announced in 2019, with Artemis 1 successfully completing its mission in November 2022 [1] - **Future Plans** - Following Artemis 2, NASA intends to advance the Artemis 3 mission, which aims to return astronauts to the Moon [1] - The Artemis 3 mission is contingent on the ongoing development of the lunar lander [1]

【文/观察者网 柳白】美国国家航空航天局（NASA）当地时间2月20日确认，在完成火箭系统的关键演 练后，计划最早于3月6日实施"阿尔忒弥斯2号"载人绕月飞行任务。这是50多年来美国首次将人类送往 月球附近。 NASA已于19日演练为"阿耳忒弥斯2号"载人绕月飞行任务的新一代登月火箭"太空发射系统"（SLS）加 注燃料，并模拟发射前倒计时。此前第一次演练于2月初进行，但因发射台出现氢燃料泄漏提前终止。 格莱兹表示，包括密封件和过滤器在内的相关问题现已修复。 "昨天我们已在计划时间内完成SLS火箭的全程燃料加注，也成功演示了发射倒计时。"她说。 她同时也提醒大家，"阿尔忒弥斯2号"任务仍属于一次飞行测试。 人类上一次登月还要追溯到1972年的阿波罗17号任务。NASA表示，登月目标将在2028年前实现，但这 一时间表极具挑战性。 据美国"空间政策在线"（spacepolicyonline）报道，"阿尔忒弥斯2号"任务将由4名宇航员执行为期10天的 飞行：火箭将从佛罗里达州肯尼迪航天中心发射，绕月球背面飞行后返回地球，为未来载人登月铺平道 路。 20日下午，4名计划执行任务的宇航员已开始14天的发射前隔离期，以最 ...