历经十年发展，普惠金融的浪潮已经席卷中国金融业的每一寸土地，正从"规模扩张"向"质量提升"转变。 然而，现阶段普惠金融发展面临的种种挑战也不容忽视。中低收入群体的信用修复周期长、预期不稳，影响了其再融资与消费扩张能力；小微企业、农户等 群体信用风险较高，传统抵押模式难以覆盖，信贷可持续性受阻，而保险覆盖不足，证券业发展相对滞后。 在这一过程中，如何激发耐心资本的活力？政策面如何实现有效协同？围绕上述问题，北京商报记者近日对话清华大学国家金融研究院院长、清华大学五道 口金融学院副院长田轩。 "耐心资本与普惠金融领域小微企业、个体工商户及中低收入群体的融资需求存在天然契合性。"田轩指出，应引导耐心资本参与普惠金融生态建设，通过风 险共担、收益适配与生态协同三大机制，结合财政、货币与监管政策协同，形成"政策—资本—实体"的良性循环。他还建议，中小银行借助ABS、小微金融 债等工具拓宽资金来源，优化资产负债结构，应对县域市场竞争压力。 田轩表示，我国普惠金融政策体系已构建起"顶层设计+专项施策+配套支持"的立体架构，监管框架也日趋完善。为进一步推动服务下沉与风险覆盖的平 衡，建议构建中央与地方、监管与市场、资本与实体 ...

Core Insights - The wave of inclusive finance in China has transitioned from "scale expansion" to "quality improvement" over the past decade [1] - Current challenges include long credit repair cycles for low- and middle-income groups, high credit risks for small and micro enterprises, and insufficient insurance coverage [1][2] - The need for a multi-level collaborative mechanism among central and local governments, regulators, and markets is emphasized to achieve a deeper transformation from "blood transfusion" to "blood production" in inclusive finance [2][4] Group 1: Characteristics of Inclusive Finance - The inclusive finance system is evolving with diversified service entities, technology-driven operations, and systematic ecological collaboration [5] - Services are expanding from single credit support to comprehensive financial services, enhancing precision and sustainability [5] - The application of big data and artificial intelligence is improving service efficiency and reducing costs [5] Group 2: Policy Recommendations - Establish a risk compensation fund shared by central and local governments to balance service delivery and risk coverage [2][14] - Propose a "government guidance, market operation" model for inclusive finance development funds [2][14] - Suggest the creation of a multi-layered collaborative mechanism among various stakeholders to enhance the effectiveness of inclusive finance policies [14][15] Group 3: Credit Repair and Consumer Confidence - The People's Bank of China's one-time personal credit relief policy is seen as a significant step towards optimizing the credit ecosystem and boosting consumer confidence [6][7] - This policy aims to provide a clear path for credit repair for those facing genuine difficulties, enhancing their future expectations and consumption potential [6][7] Group 4: Role of Small and Medium Banks - Small and medium banks are encouraged to deepen the application of asset securitization (ABS) to optimize their funding sources and asset-liability structures [11] - The focus should be on selecting stable cash flow loans from small and micro enterprises and individual businesses as underlying assets for securitization [11] Group 5: Engaging Patient Capital - "Patient capital" is identified as a natural fit for financing needs in the inclusive finance sector, particularly for small and micro enterprises [12] - Mechanisms for risk sharing, yield matching, and ecological collaboration are recommended to attract long-term capital into inclusive finance [12][13] Group 6: Regulatory and Market Mechanisms - The current policy and regulatory framework for inclusive finance is multi-layered and dynamic, but there is room for further optimization [14] - Recommendations include enhancing the precision of policy tools and improving the coordination of regulatory responsibilities [14][15] - A balance between regulatory oversight and market-driven initiatives is essential for fostering innovation while managing risks [15][16]

Core Viewpoint - The Shanghai Rural Commercial Bank's board of directors held its seventh meeting in 2025, where several key resolutions were passed, including the approval of financial reports and a bond issuance plan totaling up to RMB 36 billion [1][2][3]. Group 1: Board Meeting Resolutions - The board meeting was attended by 14 directors, with 12 present in person, and all resolutions were passed unanimously with 14 votes in favor and no opposition or abstentions [1]. - The meeting included the approval of the 2025 semi-annual report and the mid-term profit distribution plan, which were disclosed on the Shanghai Stock Exchange [2]. Group 2: Bond Issuance Plan - The bank plans to issue bonds with a total scale of up to RMB 36 billion, with issuance scheduled between the second half of 2025 and 2028 [3]. - The bond types include ordinary financial bonds, small and micro financial bonds, green financial bonds, and technology innovation financial bonds, with maturities of 3 or 5 years [3]. - The funds raised will be used to support key areas such as inclusive finance for small and micro enterprises, green finance, technology finance, and manufacturing [3]. Group 3: Nomination and Committee Approvals - The board agreed to nominate Mr. Ye Bo as a non-executive director, pending approval at the shareholders' meeting [2]. - Various committee work rules and management measures were also approved, including those related to sustainable development and transaction control [4][5]. Group 4: Director Background - Mr. Ye Bo holds a master's degree in accounting and has extensive experience in the insurance industry, currently serving as an assistant general manager at China Pacific Life Insurance [6].

Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the news is that Zhejiang Zheshang Bank successfully issued a total of 10 billion yuan in microfinance bonds to support the construction of the Zhejiang Common Prosperity Demonstration Zone, enhancing its ability to serve the real economy and significantly reducing financing costs for small and micro enterprises [1][2] - The bond issuance consists of two varieties: the first with a scale of 5 billion yuan, a term of 3 years, and a coupon rate of 2.47%, and the second with a scale of 5 billion yuan, a term of 5 years, and a coupon rate of 2.85%, both attracting strong market interest with oversubscription ratios of 4.06 times and 4.08 times respectively [1] - The lead underwriters for this bond issuance are CITIC Securities and China International Capital Corporation, with a syndicate that includes various major banks and financial institutions, indicating broad market participation [1] Group 2 - In the first half of 2022, Zhejiang Zheshang Bank supported a total financing amount of 863.5 billion yuan within Zhejiang Province, with new loans exceeding 120 billion yuan, of which nearly 60 billion yuan was added within the province, accounting for nearly half of the total, marking a historical high [2] - The bank's bond underwriting in the province grew by 82.8% year-on-year, significantly outpacing the average growth rate of its peers in the province by nearly 80 percentage points, demonstrating its strong market position [2] - The bank has also provided 6 billion yuan in relief to small and micro customers in the first half of the year, implementing fee reductions to lower operational costs for enterprises, thereby injecting "financial vitality" into the real economy [2]

Group 1 - Ping An Bank successfully issued RMB 30 billion microfinance bonds with a 3-year term and an interest rate of 1.74%, demonstrating strong market confidence in the bank's brand and financial health [1] - The funds raised from the microfinance bonds will be specifically used to provide loans to small and micro enterprises, supporting their development [3] - Since 2021, Ping An Bank has been issuing microfinance bonds to secure lower long-term financing costs and enhance its capacity to provide inclusive financial services [3] Group 2 - As of May 20, the microfinance coordination mechanism has disbursed a total of RMB 103.379 billion across 30,967 loans, addressing the financing needs of small enterprises [4] - The successful issuance of the RMB 30 billion microfinance bonds is a concrete action by Ping An Bank to implement the central government's strategy for supporting small enterprise financing [4] - Ping An Bank aims to continue enhancing its financial services for the real economy and small enterprises while strengthening financial risk prevention [4]

Core Viewpoint - 2024 marks a significant year for the standardization of ESG and sustainable development information disclosure in China, with new guidelines and regulations being implemented across various financial institutions and exchanges [1][4]. Group 1: Regulatory Developments - The China Securities Regulatory Commission has unified the deployment of sustainable development report guidelines for listed companies, while the Ministry of Finance and nine other ministries have released the "Corporate Sustainable Disclosure Standards - Basic Standards (Trial)" [1]. - The Hong Kong Stock Exchange has introduced further requirements for climate-related disclosures for listed companies, effective from the 2025 fiscal year [3]. Group 2: Company Initiatives - Dongfang Securities has released its 2024 Sustainable Development Report, which aligns with new regulations from the Shanghai Stock Exchange and anticipates the Hong Kong Stock Exchange's climate disclosure requirements [2]. - The report employs a dual materiality analysis to identify and assess the importance of ESG issues, enhancing the utility of the disclosed information for stakeholders [2]. Group 3: Financial Contributions - In 2024, Dongfang Securities has actively contributed to national strategies through various financial services, including underwriting technology innovation bonds worth 16.164 billion yuan and green bonds totaling 9.028 billion yuan [5]. - The company has also supported small and micro enterprises with a total of 2.633 billion yuan in financing and has provided personalized pension services to over 50,000 individuals [5]. Group 4: Sustainable Development Goals - Dongfang Securities has guided over 470 billion yuan into sustainable development sectors from 2021 to 2024, with an annual growth rate of over 10% in sustainable financing [7]. - The company has reduced its Scope 1 and Scope 2 greenhouse gas emissions by 3,263.72 tons of CO2 equivalent compared to the baseline year of 2021 [7]. Group 5: Recognition and Ratings - Dongfang Securities has maintained an AA rating from MSCI ESG, ranking in the top 24% globally among peers, and has significantly exceeded the industry average in the S&P CSA score [8]. - The company has been included in various prestigious ESG rankings and has achieved the highest rating of "four and a half stars" among securities firms [8].