本报记者 李乔宇 据新华社消息，12月23日10时00分，长征十二号甲遥一运载火箭（以下简称"长征十二号甲"）在东风商 业航天创新试验区发射升空，运载火箭二子级进入预定轨道，一子级未能成功回收，飞行试验任务获得 基本成功。 据了解，长征十二号甲采用液氧甲烷作为推进剂的方案，探索陆地垂直回收的技术路径。业内人士认 为，此次发射验证了我国入轨级可重复使用运载火箭技术路径的可能性，标志着我国可重复使用运载火 箭技术的进一步突破。 当前，我国可重复使用运载火箭的探索正沿着多元技术路径并行推进。 例如，星际荣耀航天科技集团股份有限公司（以下简称"星际荣耀"）研发的可重复使用运载火箭双曲线 三号选择的是以液氧甲烷为燃料、海上回收的技术路径。据了解，双曲线三号计划于2026年上半年首飞 并探索海上回收。 此外，以液氧煤油为推进剂，亦是可重复使用运载火箭探索的重要技术路径。以计划近期首飞的天龙三 号大型液体运载火箭为例，其由江苏天兵航天科技股份有限公司自主研发，起飞重量约600吨，可实 现"一箭36星"组网发射。天龙三号核心主动力系统采用液氧煤油燃料，一子级具备重复使用能力。 北京星河动力航天科技股份有限公司研发的可重复使用 ...

Core Viewpoint - The commercial space industry is emerging as a new arena for global technological competition and industrial transformation, with Shandong province positioning itself as a key player in this sector by developing a comprehensive commercial space industry ecosystem centered around the Dongfang Spaceport in Haiyang, Yantai [1][8]. Group 1: Infrastructure and Efficiency - The Dongfang Spaceport can transport a rocket from the production facility to the launch site in just 2 hours, showcasing its efficient infrastructure [2]. - The spaceport has successfully conducted over 20 sea launches, placing more than 130 satellites into orbit, establishing itself as China's first and only commercial sea launch mother port [4]. - The port's strategic location offers favorable weather conditions and a natural launch window, allowing for flexible launch point selection to meet various orbital requirements [3]. Group 2: Industry Layout and Development Strategy - The spaceport's development strategy focuses on building reliable sea launch infrastructure and attracting leading R&D and manufacturing enterprises, aiming to create a full-chain commercial space industry ecosystem [3][5]. - The integration of upstream rocket development and downstream satellite applications is a key aspect of the spaceport's strategy, moving beyond mere launch services [3][10]. - Shandong province has identified deep-sea and aerospace as key industrial chains, implementing policies to support the development of the commercial space industry [9][11]. Group 3: Role of Private Enterprises - Private companies, such as Dongfang Space, are becoming significant players in the commercial space landscape, leveraging the spaceport's one-stop services to enhance their operational efficiency [5][6]. - Dongfang Space has developed the "Gravitational One" rocket, which achieved a successful first flight, marking a milestone in solid rocket technology with a payload capacity of 6.5 tons to low Earth orbit [6][8]. - The company emphasizes cost control through modular and standardized designs, reducing the launch cost to under 50,000 RMB per kilogram for sun-synchronous orbit missions [7]. Group 4: Future Prospects and Goals - By 2027, Shandong aims to produce 100 launch vehicles and 150 commercial satellites annually, with the commercial space industry expected to reach a scale of 50 billion RMB [10]. - The long-term growth of the commercial space sector is contingent upon the broader application of satellite data across various industries, which will drive demand and innovation [10][11].

Core Insights - The article highlights the rapid development of commercial spaceflight in Shandong, particularly at the Dongfang Spaceport in Yantai, which has successfully conducted multiple sea launches and is establishing a comprehensive commercial space industry ecosystem [1][4][10]. Group 1: Infrastructure and Efficiency - The Dongfang Spaceport can transport a rocket from the production facility to the launch site in just 2 hours, showcasing its efficient infrastructure [2]. - The port's strategic location offers favorable weather conditions and a natural launch window, allowing for flexible launch point selection [3]. - The port has successfully supported over 20 sea launches, placing more than 130 satellites into orbit, demonstrating its operational capabilities [4]. Group 2: Industry Collaboration and Innovation - Private enterprises, such as Dongfang Space, are playing a crucial role in reshaping the commercial space landscape, leveraging the port's infrastructure for rapid development [5][6]. - The "Yin-Yang" model of integrating manufacturing and launch services has significantly reduced transportation time and costs, enhancing overall efficiency [4][6]. - The development of the "Gravity One" rocket, which has set records for solid rocket capabilities, exemplifies the innovative spirit within the industry [6][7]. Group 3: Economic Impact and Future Goals - The Shandong province aims to establish a robust commercial space industry cluster, with investments exceeding 32 billion yuan, focusing on rocket manufacturing, satellite applications, and high-end support services [8][10]. - By 2027, Shandong plans to achieve an annual production capacity of 100 launch vehicles and 150 commercial satellites, targeting a commercial space industry scale of 50 billion yuan [10]. - The province's strategy includes integrating space technology with various sectors, aiming for a comprehensive aerospace manufacturing presence by 2035 [11].

Core Viewpoint - The successful first flight of the Zhuque-3 rocket marks a significant step in China's commercial space industry, despite not achieving the recovery verification task. This event highlights the dual breakthrough of "technological advancement" and "scale explosion" in the commercial space sector since its inception in 2015 [1][2]. Industry Overview - The commercial space sector is becoming a focal point for major powers, with China integrating it into its national space development strategy through the establishment of a dedicated Commercial Space Administration [1][2]. - The industry is experiencing rapid expansion, with at least 20 provinces in China implementing supportive policies to enhance their commercial space capabilities [1][2]. Technological Developments - The Zhuque-3 mission achieved five domestic firsts in technology, indicating progress in the development of reusable rockets [6][7]. - The development of reusable rockets is expected to reduce launch costs and increase launch frequency, addressing the current bottleneck of insufficient launch capacity [2][6]. Market Dynamics - The commercial space market in China is projected to grow from approximately 0.38 trillion yuan in 2015 to 2.3 trillion yuan by 2024, with an annual growth rate of about 22%. By 2030, the market could approach 10 trillion yuan [14][15]. - The competition among local governments to develop commercial space industries is intensifying, with regions like Hubei aiming to establish significant commercial space hubs by 2028 [16][18]. Company Landscape - Various private companies are focusing on developing large reusable rockets, with Blue Arrow Aerospace being one of the closest to achieving this goal [6][7]. - A list of companies and their respective rocket projects indicates a diverse landscape, with firms like Star River Power and Tianbing Technology also targeting reusable rocket technologies [9][10]. Financing Trends - In 2024, the commercial space sector in China saw 52 financing events totaling 15 billion yuan, with significant investments in satellite operations and rocket manufacturing [20][19]. - The financing landscape is concentrated in regions like Beijing and Shanghai, reflecting their potential for commercial space development [20][19].

Core Insights - The successful high-precision variable thrust test of the CQ-50 engine marks a significant advancement in China's private aerospace sector, particularly in the core technology of vertical recovery for liquid rockets [2][5] - The engine's ability to operate at a thrust limit of 32% of its rated power and achieve a rapid response time of under 0.5 seconds demonstrates its stability and potential for reusable rocket applications [2][5] Company Overview - Beijing Xinghe Power Aerospace Technology Co., Ltd. was established in February 2018 with a registered capital of approximately 432.87 million RMB, focusing on low-cost commercial launch vehicle development and launch services [3] - Within seven years, the company has become a leading player in China's private rocket sector, completing 21 commercial launches and placing 85 satellites into orbit, capturing a market share of 15% [3] Technological Advancements - The CQ-50 engine features a thrust-to-weight ratio greater than 120, a swing capability of ±6°, and a design life of 50 reuses, with a combustion efficiency exceeding 96% [2][5] - The use of metal 3D printing technology for key components has significantly improved production efficiency and reduced costs to one-third of traditional methods [5] Industry Context - Since 2016, China's aerospace sector has entered a phase of rapid innovation, with significant advancements in space infrastructure and satellite systems [7] - In 2023, China's commercial space activities saw a 29% year-on-year increase in the number of commercial satellites launched, with 141 satellites launched and 23 commercial launches conducted [11] Market Dynamics - The commercial launch sector is experiencing accelerated growth, with government support and local policies fostering innovation and collaboration across related fields [14] - Experts predict that with ongoing technological breakthroughs and capital support, China's commercial aerospace industry is poised to mature by the end of the 14th Five-Year Plan, paving the way for a new phase in space economy development [14]

Core Viewpoint - The successful launch of the Vesta-1 rocket by Beijing Xinghe Power Aerospace Technology Co., Ltd. marks a significant achievement in China's commercial space sector, highlighting the potential for collaboration between state-owned and private enterprises in the aerospace industry [1][2]. Company Overview - Liu Jianshe, the president and technical leader of Xinghe Power, has been a driving force in the company's development since its founding, believing in the vast prospects of the commercial space market [2]. - The company has achieved 20 successful launches in just eight years, serving 27 satellite clients and successfully placing 85 different types of commercial satellites into orbit [2][3]. Technological Advancements - Xinghe Power is preparing for significant milestones in the fourth quarter, with the Vesta-2 and Zhi-1 rockets entering critical stages of development, aiming to enhance their launch capabilities [3]. - The Vesta-2 rocket is an upgraded model with parameters reaching international leading levels, designed to support various launch platforms and significantly reduce launch costs [3]. Market Position - Xinghe Power is recognized for its high success rate and cost control in the commercial space sector, achieving a 95% launch success rate and creating multiple milestones for private rocket companies in China [4][5]. - The company has implemented strict quality control and failure mitigation mechanisms, which have been crucial for maintaining its operational success [5]. Future Prospects - The company has recently completed a D-round financing of 2.4 billion yuan, aimed at accelerating the development of reusable liquid rockets and enhancing production and launch capabilities [7]. - Liu Jianshe anticipates a significant demand for low-orbit satellite launches in the next decade, emphasizing the importance of cost and reliability in the sustainable development of the industry [7].

Core Viewpoint - The successful test of the second-stage propulsion system for the Zhi Shen Xing-1 launch vehicle marks a significant milestone for the company, demonstrating the design's correctness and operational readiness for future missions [1] Company Summary - Beijing Xinghe Power Aerospace Technology Co., Ltd. (Xinghe Power) has successfully conducted a test of the second-stage propulsion system for the Zhi Shen Xing-1 rocket at its aerospace power testing center [1] - The Zhi Shen Xing-1 rocket is one of the first domestically developed reusable liquid launch vehicles aimed at orbital launches [1] - The rocket features a two-stage configuration and is primarily targeted at the large satellite launch market and large constellation networking [1] Industry Summary - The successful test highlights advancements in China's aerospace capabilities, particularly in the development of reusable launch vehicles [1] - The Zhi Shen Xing-1's design and testing processes reflect a comprehensive approach to ensuring system compatibility and operational efficiency for future space missions [1]

Core Viewpoint - The commercial rocket industry in China is rapidly developing due to supportive policies, with a new model rocket, "Zhishenxing No. 1," set for its first orbital launch by the end of the year [1][3]. Group 1: Rocket Development - The "Zhishenxing No. 1" is a medium to large, reusable launch vehicle, measuring 50 meters in length and over 3 meters in diameter, currently undergoing installation and testing [1]. - The rocket is equipped with eight "Cangqiong" liquid fuel engines, which are fully self-developed by the company, using liquid oxygen and kerosene as fuel [3][5]. - The company has previously focused on solid fuel rockets, achieving mass production and high-frequency launches, successfully completing 19 commercial rocket launches and delivering 81 satellites to their designated orbits [3]. Group 2: Technological Innovation - Since 2019, the company has been developing liquid fuel rockets, which are more economical and environmentally friendly compared to solid fuel rockets, and designed for vertical recovery with up to 25 reuse cycles [5]. Group 3: Financial and Policy Support - The success of the company in research and development is closely linked to supportive technology finance policies, with significant investments in the aerospace industry in Anhui Province, including four commercial space projects with a total investment of 11.12 billion yuan [7]. - Local financial support addresses challenges faced by startups, such as limited market size and funding shortages, providing direct financial assistance and establishing a commercial aerospace industry fund [7]. - Anhui Province has implemented a comprehensive reform plan for future industries, promoting diversified funding sources and supporting companies in the capital market for listing and financing [7].