"就拿土木结构粮仓来说，整体结构由泥土、砖石、木材搭建，密封性差，防潮、防虫能力弱。每 到雨季就要担心粮食受潮发霉、虫害侵袭。那时的守粮人日夜操心，就怕粮食有闪失。"吴子丹说。当 时，浙江余杭和河北玉田老一辈的守粮人带头提出"宁流千滴汗，不坏一粒粮"的口号，创造了许多人工 灭虫、干燥防霉和防鼠雀的土办法，尽力减少储粮损失。 人民日报记者 欧阳洁 杨迅 核心阅读 夏粮丰收，来自沃野田畴的粮食，"住"进了新型粮仓。 从土木粮仓到智慧绿色粮仓，从靠天储粮到智能管粮，从吃得饱到吃得好、吃得健康，几十年间的 粮仓变迁史，也是一部粮食安全的升级史。记者采访专家、实地探访，探究我国粮仓的变迁之路。 我国作为农业大国，解决好14亿多人的吃饭问题，始终是治国理政的头等大事。而粮食仓储设施水 平，直接影响着粮食收储能力和粮食储存安全，是实现粮食安全的重要保障。目前，全国粮食标准仓房 完好仓容超7亿吨，实现低温准低温储粮仓容超2亿吨，应用气调储粮技术仓容超5500万吨。 初创：条件简陋，仓储效率有限 吴子丹是原国家粮食局副局长，在粮食领域工作了一辈子，了解并见证了我国粮仓的一路变迁。他 介绍，早期的粮仓多是简陋的土木结构仓房，有些 ...

Core Viewpoint - The evolution of grain storage facilities in China reflects a significant upgrade in food security, transitioning from traditional methods to modern, intelligent, and environmentally friendly storage solutions [1][7]. Group 1: Historical Development of Grain Storage - Early grain storage facilities were simple earthen structures with limited capacity, leading to significant grain loss due to poor conditions and pest infestations [2]. - The first technological upgrade occurred in the 1950s with the introduction of the "Soviet-style warehouse," which improved storage capacity but still faced limitations in efficiency and suitability for various climates [3]. - The 1980s and 1990s saw the emergence of brick-concrete warehouses, enhancing storage quality and reducing grain loss significantly through improved sealing and ventilation [4]. Group 2: Current State of Grain Storage - Modern grain storage primarily consists of large flat warehouses and shallow round warehouses, equipped with advanced storage technologies that ensure better pest control and moisture management [5]. - The construction of new generation smart green warehouses emphasizes intelligent monitoring and environmentally friendly preservation techniques, marking a shift towards sustainable storage practices [7]. Group 3: Future Developments and Initiatives - The Chinese government plans to enhance grain storage infrastructure during the 14th Five-Year Plan, focusing on green storage technology and the establishment of demonstration points for new storage techniques [8]. - The current grain storage capacity in China has reached over 700 million tons, aligning with annual grain production levels, supported by the largest grain internet of things system globally [8].

Core Viewpoint - The article highlights the construction of China's first batch of five 9,000-ton gas membrane grain silos, which represent the fourth generation of new grain storage technology, emphasizing their advanced features and benefits for grain preservation [1][2]. Group 1: New Grain Silos Features - The gas membrane silos are 33 meters tall and have a diameter of 24 meters, each capable of storing approximately 9,000 tons of grain [1]. - The silos feature a unique multi-layer structure that includes a waterproof PVDF membrane, an insulation layer made of polyurethane, and a supporting structure of reinforced concrete, enhancing their airtightness and thermal insulation [2][4]. - The gas membrane silos have an airtightness performance that exceeds national high standards by more than six times and thermal insulation performance that is over three times better than traditional silos [2]. Group 2: Importance of Airtightness and Insulation - Airtightness and thermal insulation are crucial for grain storage as grains respire, consuming oxygen and releasing carbon dioxide, which can lead to nutrient loss if not properly managed [2][3]. - In high-temperature and high-humidity conditions, improper storage can significantly degrade grain quality over time [3]. Group 3: Cost and Safety Considerations - The initial construction cost of gas membrane silos is comparable to traditional silos, but they offer faster construction times, saving on time costs [4]. - The silos have passed fire safety audits due to the incorporation of flame-retardant materials, ensuring safety during operation [4]. - The five gas membrane silos are expected to be completed by the end of the year, adding a total storage capacity of 45,000 tons to the grain reserve [4].

Core Viewpoint - The first batch of five 9000-ton air membrane grain silos in China has been successfully inflated and formed, marking the practical application of the fourth generation of new grain storage technology [1][3]. Group 1: Technology and Design - The air membrane silos are inflated like balloons, with a diameter of 24 meters and a height of 33 meters, capable of storing 9000 tons of grain, sufficient to meet the daily food needs of 23 million people [3]. - The construction process involves a significant pressure difference between the inside and outside of the silo, requiring a two-door system for entry, ensuring safety during operation [5]. - The interior of the silo is spacious and column-free, allowing for higher space utilization, with grain being delivered through a conveyor belt from the top [7]. Group 2: Safety and Monitoring - The silo walls consist of an air membrane layer, a reinforced concrete layer, and an additional polyurethane layer for insulation, ensuring the safety and longevity of the storage [9]. - The silos are equipped with numerous sensors for real-time temperature monitoring of the grain, and nitrogen gas is injected to create an oxygen-free environment, preventing pests and preserving the grain [9]. Group 3: Construction Timeline - The entire construction process is highly mechanized, environmentally friendly, and minimally affected by weather conditions, significantly shortening the construction period [7]. - The completion of these air membrane silos is expected by the end of this year, with operational use planned for February next year [9].