（原标题：文景之治：藏在西汉帝陵文物中的盛世图景） 文博时空 作者 颜歆窈 西汉初年，由于秦末农民战争和四年楚汉之争，社会动荡，经济衰退，百姓衣食 无依，"民失作业，而大饥馑。凡米石五千，人相食，死者过半"（《汉书·食货志》）。汉高祖、汉惠 帝和吕后大力发展农业，恢复社会生产力，给国家发展奠定了基础。 "与天久长"瓦当，意为与天同寿、长生无极 汉景帝阳陵遗址出土 汉景帝阳陵博物院藏 公元前180年，诸吕之乱爆发，宗室大臣共诛诸吕，迎立刘恒为帝，史称汉文帝。公元前157年，汉景帝 刘启（汉文帝太子，母亲为窦皇后）即位。汉文帝和汉景帝统治期间，出现了中国历史上的第一个治世 ——文景之治。史书记载："京师之钱累巨万，贯朽而不可校。太仓之粟陈陈相因，充溢露积于外，至 腐败不可食。"（《史记·平准书》）意指当时的国库钱币堆积，导致穿钱的绳索都腐朽断裂了，粮仓堆 积的粮食都因为腐烂无法食用了。 金环，应为车马饰品 薄太后南陵遗址出土 陕西省考古研究院藏 文景之治不仅是中国历史上经济文化飞速发展的时期，也是为后来汉武帝征伐匈奴奠定物质基础的养精 蓄锐时期，对此后的贞观之治、康乾盛世等治世同样起到了重要的借鉴作用。 鎏金镶贝 ...

Core Viewpoint - The article highlights the cultural significance of ancient Chinese roof tiles, known as "瓦当," which were inscribed with auspicious phrases to convey good wishes and hopes for a prosperous life, reflecting the aspirations of people from over two thousand years ago [1] Summary by Relevant Categories Cultural Significance - The roof tiles served as an important architectural element, prominently displaying inscriptions that represented various blessings such as "延年益寿" (longevity) and "长生无极" (eternal life) [1] - These inscriptions were a way for ancient people to embed their hopes and desires for a better life into their living environments [1] Historical Context - The article emphasizes that these tiles have survived for over two millennia, showcasing not only their durability but also their role in connecting modern society with ancient traditions and values [1]

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the significance of瓦当 (wadang) in Chinese architectural history, highlighting its artistic, cultural, and historical value as a representation of the evolution of Chinese civilization [2][9]. Group 1: Historical Development -瓦当, also known as "瓦头" or "勾头," is a traditional architectural component used in ancient Chinese buildings, originating from the Xia Dynasty [2][3]. - The earliest瓦当 were discovered during the Longshan culture period, with significant usage beginning in the Western Zhou Dynasty [3][5]. - The artistic development of瓦当 reflects the evolution of Chinese civilization, with various decorative patterns emerging over time, such as cloud patterns, animal motifs, and textual designs [3][5]. Group 2: Artistic Significance -瓦当 serves not only a functional purpose in protecting wooden structures but also showcases the aesthetic pursuits of ancient artisans through intricate designs [4][6]. - The Han Dynasty marked a golden age for瓦当, with the emergence of文字瓦当 (textual瓦当) and四神瓦当 (Four Divine Beasts瓦当), which were characterized by elaborate craftsmanship and artistic expression [5][6]. - The artistic styles of瓦当 evolved, with influences from Buddhism during the Wei, Jin, and Northern and Southern Dynasties, leading to the popularity of lotus and beast face motifs [6][7]. Group 3: Cultural Reflection -瓦当 reflects ancient customs and societal values, with inscriptions conveying aspirations for prosperity and well-being, such as "长乐未央" (Long-lasting happiness) and "汉并天下" (Unity of the Han Empire) [7][9]. - The craftsmanship of瓦当 demonstrates the advanced skills of ancient artisans, with variations in calligraphy and design that embody the wisdom and creativity of the time [7][8]. -瓦当 has transcended its original architectural function, becoming a unique art form that continues to influence modern design and cultural expressions [8][9].