具有优异光电特性的金属卤化物钙钛矿材料，已成为推动光伏效率突破的有力候选。研究中的 钙钛矿太阳 能电池 （PSC） 的功率转换效率 （PCE， 即太阳能转换为电能的效率 ） 的最新记录可比肩商用硅电 池，其产业化进程已现曙光。 然而，基于 自组装分子 （SAM） 体系的高效倒置结构钙钛矿太阳能电池，普遍面临分子聚集和疏水特性 带来的技术障碍。 编辑丨王多鱼 排版丨水成文 2025 年 10 月 27 日， 上海交通大学环境科学与工程学院 赵一新 教授、 陈悦天 副教授、 缪炎峰 博士， 及宁德时代 郭永胜 等人，在国际顶尖学术期刊 Nature 上发表了题为： A matrix-confined molecular layer for perovskite photovoltaic modules 的研究论文。 该研究提出了 " SAM-in-matrix " 策略，在此基础上成功 制备了 1 米 × 2 米级的大面积钙钛矿太阳能组 件，且 PCE 认证效率达到了创纪录的 20.05%。 基于" SAM-in-matrix "结构的空穴传输层 （HTL） 器件展现出普适性优势：在多种 SAM 体系中均实现 更 ...

Core Insights - A group of top VC investors from Europe and the US visited China to assess the competitive landscape in clean technology, ultimately returning with a pessimistic outlook and a "no-invest" list [1][14]. Group 1: Scale and Speed - The journey was focused on observing factories and R&D centers, emphasizing the scale and speed of Chinese manufacturing capabilities [1]. - At CATL, the investors witnessed highly automated production lines that dominate the global battery market, realizing the challenge of replicating such efficiency in the West [2][3]. - CATL's advancements in battery technology, including the development of sodium-ion and solid-state batteries, highlighted the rapid pace of innovation in China compared to the slower processes in the West [4][11]. Group 2: Ecosystem and Collaboration - At Marvel-Tech in Shanghai, the investors learned about the advantages of China's integrated supply chain, which allows for rapid prototyping and low costs, contrasting with the lengthy processes in Europe [6][8]. - The visit to GCL-Poly in Kunshan showcased the swift iteration of next-generation solar technologies, further emphasizing China's ability to compress development timelines [10][11]. Group 3: Investment Landscape - The investors concluded that sectors like battery manufacturing and solar energy hardware are dominated by Chinese companies, making it difficult for Western firms to compete on cost and scale [14][16]. - The "no-invest" list included key areas where Chinese firms have established significant advantages, such as battery production costs and solar technology [14][16]. Group 4: New Paradigms - A new collaborative paradigm emerged, suggesting that Western investors should focus on software and service innovations rather than hardware manufacturing, which is increasingly dominated by China [19][21]. - The concept of "Western Software, Eastern Hardware" reflects a strategic shift towards leveraging Chinese manufacturing capabilities while enhancing value through software and innovative business models [19][21][25]. Group 5: Future Implications - The insights gained from this trip signal a shift in global investment strategies, with a focus on collaboration rather than competition in areas where China has a clear advantage [25][26]. - The journey highlighted the need for Western companies to adapt to a more integrated and complex global economy, emphasizing the importance of humility and cooperation [29].

Core Insights - The article emphasizes that the true barrier to competition lies in the systemic efficiency of a country or an industrial cluster [3][55]. - A group of top venture capitalists (VCs) from the West experienced a significant realization during their visit to China, leading to a "no-investment list" due to the overwhelming advantages of Chinese industries [4][28]. Group 1: Observations from the Visit - The VCs were struck by the scale and speed of Chinese manufacturing, particularly at CATL, where they witnessed highly automated production lines dominating the factory environment [10][11]. - CATL's advancements in battery technology, including the development of the Kirin battery and clear roadmaps for sodium-ion and solid-state batteries, highlighted China's rapid technological progress [12][13]. - At Marvel-Tech in Shanghai, the VCs learned about the advantages of China's integrated supply chain, which allows for rapid prototyping and cost-effective innovation [21][23]. - The visit to GCL-Poly in Kunshan showcased the swift iteration of next-generation perovskite solar technology, contrasting sharply with the lengthy commercialization processes typical in the West [24][26]. Group 2: Investment Implications - The VCs concluded that sectors such as battery manufacturing and its supply chain are no longer viable for Western investment due to China's overwhelming cost and scale advantages [32][34]. - The solar and wind energy hardware manufacturing sectors were also deemed uncompetitive for Western investors, as Chinese companies have significantly reduced production costs [34][35]. - The production of key equipment for green hydrogen, such as electrolyzers, was identified as another area where China has established a substantial cost advantage [38]. Group 3: New Paradigms for Collaboration - The article suggests a shift in strategy for Western investors, advocating for collaboration rather than competition, particularly in software and service innovations that complement Chinese hardware [42][44]. - The concept of "Western Software, Eastern Hardware" emerged as a new framework for global industrial cooperation, encouraging Western firms to focus on areas where they hold competitive advantages [46][47]. - The VCs recognized the need to pivot towards innovative business models and advanced software solutions that leverage China's manufacturing capabilities [48][50]. Group 4: Future Outlook - The insights gained from the trip indicate a profound shift in the global industrial landscape, where traditional competitive advantages are being redefined [53][54]. - The article warns that complacency in software and service sectors could hinder China's ability to maintain its competitive edge as hardware capabilities reach their peak [58].

Group 1 - The article highlights the significance of four private enterprises in Zhejiang, showcasing their unique strengths and contributions to innovation in various sectors [1][2] - Xinhua San Group is recognized as a leading network infrastructure giant in China, with a strong emphasis on technology and innovation, investing 12% of its revenue in R&D and holding 16,000 patents [2][3] - Wan Shili Group, a traditional silk enterprise, integrates cultural heritage with modern technology, achieving breakthroughs in biotechnology and innovative silk products [3][4] Group 2 - Cloud Deep Technology is a rising player in the robotics field, focusing on advanced robotic solutions, with products sold in 44 countries and a vision to bring humanoid robots into households [3][4] - Xian Na Optoelectronics stands out in the photovoltaic industry, being the first to achieve mass production of perovskite solar cells, which offer lower costs and higher efficiency compared to traditional silicon [4]

Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the news is that Xu Xin Photovoltaic Materials Co., Ltd. has successfully completed a C2 round financing of nearly 200 million RMB, with participation from multiple investors including Xinda Asset and Sequoia China [1][2] - The company aims to provide solar panels that enable grid parity for photovoltaic power generation, positioning clean energy as a mainstream energy source [3] - Xu Xin Photovoltaic is a unicorn enterprise incubated by GCL-Poly Energy Holdings Limited, with its Kunshan project base set to serve as the global R&D headquarters and future listing entity [3][6] Group 2 - The company has established a 1GW commercial production line for perovskite solar modules, marking a significant milestone in the commercialization of perovskite photovoltaic technology [6] - The R&D team has achieved breakthroughs in size, efficiency, and stability, with single-junction module efficiency reaching 19.04% and tandem module efficiency reaching 26.36% [6][7] - The C round financing will be utilized for the industrialization of the 1GW perovskite production base and for research and development of perovskite products [7]