美国造船业的低效率和衰退问题早已成为不争的事实，甚至特朗普也曾试图通过征收关税，促使韩国协 助振兴美国的造船业。然而，近期美国国会披露的最新信息显示，美国的造船业情况远比外界想象的更 糟糕。例如，阿利伯克级驱逐舰在美国船厂的维修时间竟然长达9年，几乎占其整个使用寿命的27%， 这一情况极大地影响了这些战舰的作战能力。根据《星条旗报》的报道，国会预算办公室在一份报告中 提到，阿利伯克级驱逐舰的设计寿命通常在30至40年之间，而目前进入船厂维修的时间已达到9年，远 超2012年维修计划中预估的5年，且这一维修时间已是原预估时间的两倍多，占据舰艇全寿命的12%。 报告还指出，在某些情况下，美国海军的作战舰艇只有三分之一处于可用状态。如果维修时间超出了预 期，海军可用的舰艇数量将进一步减少，进而影响到整个舰队的规模。同时，国会预算办公室还揭示， 到了2024年，每艘驱逐舰的平均维护费用约为2800万美元，这一费用比2009年增加了三倍。主要原因是 驱逐舰的大修工期延长和劳动力成本的上涨。 目前，大修时间通常会超出预期，延长幅度在20%至100%之间，尤其是那些老旧舰艇。老化的舰体、 突发的额外维修工作、检查延迟和合约 ...

Group 1 - China has approved a certain number of rare earth export compliance applications, specifically for civilian product needs [2] - The approval of rare earth exports is seen as a response to requests from the United States, following China's earlier export controls on seven categories of heavy rare earths [2] - U.S. companies are facing significant supply shortages, with rare earth inventories only lasting two to three months, impacting production in key industries such as automotive [2] Group 2 - The automotive industry in the U.S. heavily relies on rare earth elements for various components, including automatic transmissions and electric motors, with electric vehicles requiring at least 10 kilograms of rare earths each [4] - China is cautious about preventing U.S. military enterprises from accessing rare earths, focusing only on civilian demands in its export approvals [4] - The military's demand for rare earths is substantial, with specific examples including 408 kilograms needed for each F-35 fighter jet and 27.3 tons for a Ford-class nuclear aircraft carrier [4]

Economic Overview - China's economic share of US GDP has decreased from nearly 80% to over 60%, indicating challenges in surpassing the US in total economic size [1] - The US has maintained an average economic growth rate of over 2% in recent years, with GDP increasing from $20 trillion in 2018 to $27.72 trillion in 2023 [3] - Factors such as the US-China trade war and Federal Reserve interest rate hikes have negatively impacted China's economy, leading to a depreciation of the RMB and widening the nominal GDP gap with the US [5] Military Comparison - The Chinese military has completed reforms and now possesses several advanced heavy and medium combined brigades, while the US Army has fewer combined units due to a focus on counterinsurgency warfare [7] - In naval capabilities, while the US Navy has an advantage in nuclear-powered aircraft carriers, China's naval advancements, such as the Fujian aircraft carrier with electromagnetic catapults, show significant progress [9][10] - China's naval fleet is expanding rapidly, with the potential to surpass the US in numbers, as the US's Nimitz-class carriers approach retirement [12] - In the air force sector, China's J-20 is in large-scale production, while the US's F-22 production has ceased, indicating a potential shift in air superiority [12]