阿尔忒弥斯计划

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美国重返月球计划为何一拖再拖?
Huan Qiu Shi Bao· 2025-09-14 22:46
Group 1: Artemis Program Overview - The Artemis program aims to return humans to the Moon and establish a long-term presence, ultimately paving the way for Mars exploration [2][3] - The program's complexity involves multiple launches and in-orbit docking, contrasting with the direct launch method used in the Apollo program [2] - The first four missions of the Artemis program have been confirmed, with Artemis 1 successfully completing an uncrewed test in 2022 [3] Group 2: Mission Delays and Challenges - Artemis 2, originally scheduled for 2024, has been delayed to April 2026, raising concerns about the timeline for Artemis 3 [3][4] - Technical issues with the Space Launch System (SLS) rocket and Orion spacecraft have contributed to the delays, with SLS facing fuel leak problems [4][5] - The lunar lander, developed by SpaceX, is significantly behind schedule, impacting the overall timeline of the Artemis missions [4][5] Group 3: Lunar Lander and Technical Hurdles - The lunar lander requires advanced capabilities for landing and takeoff on the Moon, with significant engineering challenges due to the lunar environment [5] - SpaceX's plan involves launching multiple Starship rockets to create a fuel depot in low Earth orbit for the lunar lander, but this technology has not been tested [5] - The development of a backup lunar lander by Blue Origin is also lagging behind schedule, compounding the issues faced by the Artemis program [5] Group 4: Spacesuit Development Issues - The new generation of lunar spacesuits is facing delays, which are critical for astronaut safety and functionality during extended missions on the Moon [6][8] - NASA has outsourced spacesuit development to Axiom Space due to internal delays, with prototypes being tested but still requiring significant work [9][10] - The AxEMU spacesuit is expected to undergo critical design reviews and integration testing with the lunar lander, but this process has contributed to project delays [9][10] Group 5: Long-term Goals and Nuclear Power Plans - The Artemis program aims to establish a long-term presence on the Moon, including plans for a nuclear reactor to provide energy [10][11] - NASA is targeting the deployment of a 100-kilowatt nuclear reactor by 2030, but experts express skepticism about meeting this timeline due to technical challenges [11][12] - The development of a biological life support system is also critical for long-term lunar habitation, with current systems relying on supply missions [12]
“若登月输给中国,太尴尬,美国人要绷不住了”
Guan Cha Zhe Wang· 2025-09-01 08:36
Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the ongoing space race between China and the United States, particularly focusing on the potential for China to land astronauts on the Moon before NASA, which could lead to significant embarrassment for the U.S. [1][2] Group 1: Space Race Dynamics - Eric Berger's article suggests that China may likely "defeat" NASA in returning humans to the Moon within this decade, raising concerns about U.S. competitiveness in space exploration [1] - The author, Mark Whittington, warns that if China successfully lands astronauts on the Moon first, it will lead to a significant debate in the U.S. about accountability for the loss in the space race [1][2] Group 2: NASA's Artemis Program - NASA's Artemis program aims to return humans to the Moon, with Artemis 2 scheduled to send astronauts to lunar orbit in early 2026, but the success of subsequent missions depends on the SpaceX Starship's ability to land astronauts on the Moon [4][6] - The timeline for the Artemis 3 mission, which plans to land astronauts on the Moon in 2027, is considered unrealistic by many independent space observers, with 2028 being a more likely target [6] Group 3: China's Lunar Ambitions - China has made significant progress in its lunar exploration program, with plans to achieve a crewed lunar landing by 2030 and to establish a lunar research station thereafter [10][11] - The Chinese lunar exploration program has successfully conducted multiple missions, laying the groundwork for future scientific exploration [10] Group 4: Technological and Strategic Considerations - The article highlights the importance of establishing a permanent lunar base as a key objective in the new space race, suggesting that the winner may not be the first to land on the Moon but the first to establish a sustainable presence [7] - NASA is exploring the construction of a nuclear reactor on the Moon to support future missions, although experts question the feasibility of this plan by the 2030 deadline [8]
NASA拟裁员数千人
Bei Jing Shang Bao· 2025-07-27 15:24
Group 1 - NASA is expected to see approximately 20% of its workforce, around 3,870 employees, leave the agency, reducing the total number of employees to about 14,000 [1] - A letter titled "Voyager Declaration" from hundreds of current and former employees warns that the layoffs could jeopardize mission safety and execution efficiency [1] - The agency emphasizes that safety remains its top priority while striving for organizational efficiency and maintaining capabilities for key missions, including lunar and Mars exploration [1] Group 2 - The Trump administration has left the NASA leadership position vacant for over six months, with the temporary appointment of Transportation Secretary Sean Duffy following the withdrawal of Jared Isaacman’s nomination [2] - NASA has faced significant challenges due to budget cuts, leading to personnel reductions and an aging workforce, with 40% of scientists and engineers over the age of 55 [2] - The agency experiences a 6% annual employee turnover rate, primarily due to retirements, and faces competition from private space companies for skilled talent [2] Group 3 - The Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) is facing unprecedented budget constraints in 2024, leading to layoffs, hiring freezes, and spending cuts [3] - JPL had to conduct layoffs affecting about 8% of its workforce due to funding losses in the Mars Sample Return project, impacting 532 full-time employees and at least 100 contractors [3] - NASA has canceled the VIPER lunar rover mission, which had already incurred over $400 million in expenses, as part of its budgetary measures [3] Group 4 - NASA's largest expenditure area is deep space exploration, with a budget request of $7.618 billion for fiscal year 2025, focusing on lunar and Mars missions [4] - The Mars Sample Return mission faces risks of being halted due to severe budget overruns and delays, with estimated costs ranging from $8 billion to $11 billion [4] - An independent review group has indicated that the original Mars Sample Return plan is unfeasible and has urged NASA to keep the total cost below $5.3 billion to protect other scientific missions [4]
马斯克刚走,他也被撤换了
Huan Qiu Shi Bao· 2025-06-01 03:21
Group 1 - The White House confirmed that President Trump plans to withdraw the nomination of Jared Isaacman as the head of NASA, citing the need for the next NASA administrator to align with Trump's "America First" agenda [1][3] - Trump's decision to withdraw Isaacman's nomination came after he learned of Isaacman's past donations to prominent Democrats, which surprised him as he was not informed about this prior [3][4] - Isaacman, the founder and CEO of payment processing company Shift4 Payments, was initially nominated by Trump in December 2024, following lobbying from Elon Musk, who highlighted Isaacman's experience in the space sector through SpaceX [3][4] Group 2 - During a Senate hearing in April regarding Isaacman's nomination, there were no significant obstacles, although questions were raised about his close ties to Musk and the implications for NASA's goals, particularly the Artemis program aimed at returning astronauts to the Moon [4] - The day before the White House confirmed the withdrawal of Isaacman's nomination, Trump held a press conference to bid farewell to Musk, who previously led the Office of Efficiency in the government [4]