值得一提的是，NK-1抑制剂（如阿瑞匹坦）能精准阻断P物质与大脑NK-1受体的结合，从源头切断呕 吐信号，尤其擅长控制化疗后数天出现的延迟性呕吐。研究显示，对于高致吐性化疗，联合使用NK-1 抑制剂可将延迟性呕吐的完全控制率提升至70%以上。 对于中、高致吐风险化疗，临床常采用"黄金三角"方案：化疗前联合使用NK-1抑制剂、5-HT受体拮抗 剂和地塞米松；化疗后继续使用NK-1抑制剂和地塞米松，覆盖延迟性呕吐高发期。预防性用药至关重 要，事前干预远胜于事后补救。 除规范用药外，清淡饮食、少食多餐、避免油腻辛辣食物及注意补水等行为，也有助于减轻胃肠负担。 患者应主动向医生反馈症状，并严格遵循医嘱用药，切勿自行调整方案。另外，家属的悉心照护与心理 支持也同样重要。 通过科学的止吐方案与良好的医患配合，恶心呕吐已不再是化疗路上不可逾越的障碍。让这些副作用得 到更好的管理，将让抗癌之路走得更稳、更有质量。 陆军特色医学中心肿瘤科 罗皓 当不得不面对化疗时，许多患者因恐惧产生难以忍受的恶心呕吐而对治疗却步。实际上，现代医学已能 通过科学的止吐方案，显著减轻这些反应，让治疗之路更为平稳。 化疗引发呕吐，主要与人体大脑延髓 ...

Core Insights - The article discusses the competitive landscape of the drug Diphenylhydantoin, primarily dominated by CSPC Pharmaceutical Group, and highlights the recent failed market entry attempt by a subsidiary of Fosun Pharma, Jinzhou Aohong Pharmaceutical, with their modified new drug SBK010 [1][11]. Market Overview - Diphenylhydantoin, marketed as Enbip, is a Class 1 new drug in China, providing new hope for patients with ischemic stroke. The soft capsule form was launched in 2004, and the injection form was approved in 2009, making it the third Class 1 new drug with independent intellectual property rights in China after artemisinin and bifendate [3]. - The market for Diphenylhydantoin is substantial, with projected total sales exceeding 6 billion yuan in 2024, and sales nearing 3 billion yuan by mid-2025, accounting for nearly 30% of CSPC's revenue [3][5]. Competitive Challenges - Despite the attractive market prospects, many companies have attempted to enter the Diphenylhydantoin market through generic or modified versions but have ultimately failed [5]. - The primary obstacles for generic versions include the lack of inclusion in the reference preparation directory, which has delayed the approval process for many companies that have completed bioequivalence (BE) trials [8][14]. Clinical Trial Insights - The failure of Fosun's SBK010 is attributed to the absence of Phase III clinical trials, which CSPC has rigorously conducted, establishing a robust clinical trial system that ensures the safety and efficacy of Diphenylhydantoin [11][14]. - Currently, only Hebei Saipuruisi Pharmaceutical Technology Co., Ltd. is advancing a Phase III clinical trial for a modified version of Diphenylhydantoin, which could potentially break the current deadlock in the market [14]. Patent Landscape - Although the compound patent for Diphenylhydantoin has expired, CSPC has successfully extended the composition and preparation method patents until 2032, complicating the entry of other companies into the market [14][15]. - The combination of unresolved reference preparation status, unclear clinical pathways, and stringent patent restrictions creates significant barriers for competitors seeking to develop their own versions of Diphenylhydantoin [14]. Innovation and Future Outlook - CSPC continues to innovate, having launched several new drugs in 2024, including Enlansumab and Omab, while also achieving breakthrough therapy designations for multiple projects, reinforcing its leadership in the pharmaceutical market [15].