近年来，随着人们健康意识不断提高，全球营养品行业驶入发展快车道，鱼油作为重要细分品类，市场需求持续攀升。 近日，鱼油供应商禹王生物营养有限公司（简称：禹王生物）向港交所主板递交招股书，保荐人为招银国际、建银国际。 禹王生物借健康消费升级红利迎来广阔发展机遇，却难逃代工模式的路径依赖；同时，受原材料价格波动影响，公司业绩增长持续性及稳定性受到挑战。 01 "全球最大"含金量不高 招股书显示，以2024年食品级精制鱼油及其制品销量计，禹王生物是全球最大的食品级精制鱼油供应商，市场份额为8.1%。 值得注意的是，根据弗若斯特沙利文的资料，以2024年食品级精制鱼油及其制品销量计，全球鱼油营养品行业五大参与者约占全球行业总收入的32.4%。 第二、三名生产商市场份额分别为6.84%及6.34%，禹王生物没能拉开显著距离，因此仍面临来自全球其他鱼油营养品生产商的激烈竞争。 与此同时，禹王生物所在的食品级精制鱼油行业"天花板"并不高。 截至2024年底，按销售额计，全球营养品行业市场规模约为4676.1亿美元；同期，全球精制食品级鱼油市场规模约为13.3亿美元，不足全球营养品行业市 场规模的1%。 近期，禹王生物的业绩" ...

Core Viewpoint - Yuwang Biological Nutrition Co., Ltd. has submitted an application for listing on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange, aiming to leverage capital markets for global expansion despite facing growth challenges and declining performance in recent periods [1][2][3]. Company Overview - Yuwang Biological, founded in 1979, specializes in the development, production, and sale of refined fish oil and dietary supplements, with a significant historical presence in the market [2]. - The company is the largest supplier of food-grade refined fish oil globally, holding an 8.1% market share as of 2024 [1]. - The product portfolio includes over 3,000 types of fish oil soft capsules and dietary supplements, which accounted for approximately 97.5% to 98.8% of total revenue from 2022 to mid-2025 [2][3]. Financial Performance - Revenue increased from 534 million yuan in 2022 to 832 million yuan in 2024, with net profit rising from 67.3 million yuan to 125 million yuan during the same period [4]. - However, in the first half of 2025, revenue dropped by 27.02% to 343 million yuan, and net profit fell by 74.01% to 22.8 million yuan, indicating significant financial strain [5]. - The gross profit margin decreased from 29.6% in 2024 to 20.7% in the first half of 2025, primarily due to falling end prices and high procurement costs [5]. Market Dynamics - The global food-grade fish oil market is maturing, with the top five brands accounting for approximately 32.4% of total industry revenue in 2024 [6]. - The human food-grade fish oil market is expected to experience a downturn after a brief rebound, projected to decline to 990 million USD by 2029 [6]. - The domestic market for food-grade fish oil has also shown limited growth potential, with expectations of a decrease from 2.56 billion yuan in 2023 to 1.29 billion yuan by 2029 [6]. Strategic Initiatives - The company plans to use the funds raised from the IPO for overseas capacity expansion, upgrading high-purity fish oil production lines, and brand promotion to strengthen its market position and explore new areas like pet fish oil [3]. - Yuwang Biological aims to enhance brand influence and attract international partners while addressing competitive pressures from increasing industry concentration [3]. Challenges and Opportunities - The company faces challenges in consumer recognition and brand perception, relying heavily on third-party trade companies for over 50% of sales [6][7]. - Efforts to build a direct-to-consumer sales channel have been limited, with only 2.7% of total revenue coming from direct sales in the first half of 2025 [7]. - Experts suggest that diversifying procurement sources and enhancing brand marketing could help mitigate risks associated with raw material price fluctuations and improve market positioning [5][9].

Core Viewpoint - Yuwang Bio is facing multiple challenges, including raw material supply and overseas market dynamics, which necessitate its rapid entry into the capital market to expand production capacity and enhance brand promotion [2][3]. Financial Performance - Yuwang Bio's revenue from 2022 to 2024 was approximately 534 million, 661 million, and 831 million RMB, with net profits of about 67 million, 102 million, and 125 million RMB respectively [3]. - In the first half of 2025, the company experienced a 27.13% year-on-year decline in revenue to approximately 343 million RMB, with net profit dropping 74.01% to about 23 million RMB [3]. - The revenue breakdown shows that refined fish oil contributed 36.7%, 30.8%, 31.0%, and 26.2% to total revenue from 2022 to 2025, while fish oil soft capsules and other dietary supplements accounted for 60.8%, 66.2%, 67.0%, and 72.6% respectively [3][4]. Market Position - Yuwang Bio holds an 8.1% share of the global market for refined fish oil, positioning it as the leading player in the industry [3]. - The company relies heavily on overseas markets, with non-China market revenue accounting for 47.3%, 53.0%, 60.9%, and 55.0% of total revenue from 2022 to the first half of 2025 [5]. Supply Chain Challenges - The company lacks strong bargaining power in the supply chain, with raw material costs constituting 87.4%, 89.9%, 88.8%, and 86.7% of total sales costs from 2022 to the first half of 2025 [6]. - Yuwang Bio's main raw material, crude fish oil, is primarily imported from Peru, making it vulnerable to fluctuations in fishing quotas and environmental conditions [9]. Pricing and Sales Trends - The average selling price of high-purity fish oil increased from 128,000 RMB per ton in 2022 to 221,000 RMB in 2024, while sales volume decreased from 197 tons to 140 tons [10]. - In the first half of 2025, the average selling prices for high-purity and medium-purity fish oil were 133,000 RMB and 74,000 RMB per ton, with sales volumes of 50 tons and 454 tons respectively [10]. Brand Development - Yuwang Bio has developed four major brands targeting different consumer segments, but its C-end product performance remains weak, contributing less than 3% to total revenue during the reporting period [12][14]. - The company has 45 proprietary dietary supplement products as of June 30, 2025, but C-end revenue was only approximately 12 million, 15 million, 17 million, and 9.05 million RMB in the respective years [14]. Leadership and Strategic Focus - The company is currently led by Liu Ruicui, who took over in 2015 and has focused on contract manufacturing (CDMO) as the primary business model [17][18]. - As of the first half of 2025, CDMO dietary supplement product revenue accounted for 70.0% of total revenue, indicating a strong emphasis on contract manufacturing [18].

Group 1 - Yuwang Bio Nutrition Co., Ltd. has submitted an IPO application to the Hong Kong Stock Exchange, with joint sponsors being CMB International and Jianyin International, and appointed Zhongtai International Securities as the overall coordinator [1] - Yuwang Bio is the largest supplier of food-grade refined fish oil globally, holding an 8.1% market share in 2024, and has been the top manufacturer of fish oil soft capsules in China from 2022 to 2024, with a sales volume of 4.87 billion soft capsules in 2024 [4] - The company's revenue has steadily increased from 534 million yuan in 2022 to 661 million yuan in 2023, reaching 832 million yuan in 2024, with a revenue of 343 million yuan and a net profit of 22.76 million yuan in the first half of 2025 [4] Group 2 - The demand for high-purity fish oil is continuously growing due to increasing health awareness and aging trends, with the global fish oil nutritional products market being highly concentrated, where the top five manufacturers account for 32.4% of the market share [5] - The company plans to use IPO funds for capacity expansion in China and overseas, upgrading high-purity fish oil production lines, brand promotion, and working capital to strengthen its global market position and explore emerging fields such as pet fish oil [5] Group 3 - The company has disclosed multiple legal and regulatory violations in its prospectus, including insufficient social security and housing fund contributions, non-compliance with financing arrangements, and deviations in bank loan usage [7] - From 2022 to the first half of 2025, the company has accumulated over 10 million yuan in unpaid social security and housing fund contributions, citing high employee turnover as a reason, which poses risks of penalties and back payments [7] - The company has also faced issues with bank loans not being used for their intended purposes, with the highest amount involved being 131 million yuan, and has engaged in non-compliant financing exceeding 223 million yuan, although these operations have ceased [7]

Core Viewpoint - Yuwang Biological Nutrition is facing significant challenges as it prepares for its initial public offering in Hong Kong, with declining performance and structural issues impacting its business outlook [2][3]. Financial Performance - Yuwang Biological Nutrition's revenue projections for 2022 to 2024 are 534 million, 661 million, and 832 million RMB, respectively, with net profits of 67.3 million, 102 million, and 125 million RMB, indicating rapid growth [5]. - However, in 2025, the company experienced a sharp decline in revenue to 343 million RMB, a decrease of 27.02%, and a net profit drop of 74.01% to 22.8 million RMB, with adjusted net profit margin falling from 18.6% to 12.6% [7]. - The gross margin decreased significantly from 29.6% in the first half of 2024 to 20.7% in the first half of 2025, primarily due to falling terminal prices and high procurement costs [7]. Product Structure - The company's reliance on its refined fish oil business has decreased, with its revenue share dropping from 36.7% in 2022 to 26.2% in the first half of 2025, while the share of CDMO dietary supplements increased from 59.5% to 70% [9]. - The gross margin for refined fish oil plummeted from 24.7% to 8.3% in the same period, significantly impacting profitability [11]. - The average selling price of CDMO dietary supplements has also declined, with fish oil soft capsules dropping from 136,000 RMB per million capsules in the first half of 2024 to 99,000 RMB in the first half of 2025 [14]. Market Dynamics - The global food-grade fish oil market is maturing, with limited growth prospects. The market size is expected to decline after a brief recovery, with projections indicating a drop to 9.9 billion USD by 2029 [16]. - In China, the food-grade fish oil market is projected to shrink from 25.6 billion RMB in 2023 to 12.9 billion RMB by 2029, indicating a lack of growth potential [18]. - Yuwang Biological Nutrition holds only an 8.1% market share, limiting its pricing power amid intense competition [18]. Operational Challenges - The company is heavily reliant on third-party traders, with 52.1% of its revenue coming from these channels, which poses risks if relationships with these traders weaken [19]. - The company has increased its credit terms to customers, leading to a rise in accounts receivable, which reached 54 million RMB in the first half of the year, exceeding net profits for the same period [20]. - Yuwang Biological Nutrition's liquidity issues and declining performance raise concerns about its upcoming IPO, as it struggles with cost pressures and a lack of bargaining power in the supply chain [20].

Core Viewpoint - Yuwang Bio's recent performance has declined significantly, with revenue and net profit both decreasing, and gross margin hitting a historical low, raising concerns about its future prospects in the market [2][6][8]. Financial Performance - Yuwang Bio's revenue from 2022 to 2024 is projected to be 534 million, 661 million, and 832 million respectively, while net profit is expected to be 67.3 million, 102 million, and 125 million. In the first half of 2025, revenue dropped to 343 million, a year-on-year decline of 27.1%, and net profit plummeted by 74% to 22.8 million [8]. - The gross margin has shown a concerning trend, decreasing from 28.1% in 2023 to 26% in 2024, and further down to 20.7% in the first half of 2025, marking a historical low [9]. Customer Base and Market Dynamics - The number of customers has significantly decreased, with domestic clients dropping from 310 in 2024 to 190 in the first half of 2025, and overseas clients decreasing from 240 to 190, totaling a loss of 170 clients [10]. - Yuwang Bio is heavily reliant on overseas markets, with international revenue accounting for over half of its total income, specifically 47.3%, 53%, and 60.9% from 2022 to 2024, although it slightly decreased to 55% in the first half of 2025 [11]. Product and Supply Chain Risks - The company faces high product and customer concentration risks, with its core products (refined fish oil and soft capsules) accounting for 97.5% to 98.8% of total revenue from 2022 to the first half of 2025 [13]. - Yuwang Bio's reliance on raw materials, particularly fish oil sourced from South America, exposes it to risks from fishing quotas, climate change, and logistics issues [13]. Strategic Developments - Yuwang Bio has submitted its prospectus for an IPO on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange, aiming to raise funds for expanding domestic and international production capacity, acquisitions, and research, particularly in high-purity fish oil and plant-based DHA/EPA technology [19]. - The company has established a significant presence in the international market, with a notable investment from Bayland Health, which acquired a 15% stake, enhancing its overseas sales network [18].

Core Viewpoint - Yuwang Bio-Nutrition Limited has submitted its prospectus to the Hong Kong Stock Exchange, focusing on the development, production, and sale of refined fish oil and dietary supplements. The company has experienced a significant decline in revenue and profit margins in the first half of 2025 compared to previous years [1][4]. Financial Performance - The company reported net profits of approximately RMB 67.297 million, RMB 101.869 million, RMB 125.313 million, and RMB 22.764 million for the years 2022, 2023, 2024, and the first half of 2025, respectively [2][3]. - Revenue figures for the same periods were approximately RMB 534 million, RMB 661 million, RMB 832 million, and RMB 343 million, indicating a year-on-year decrease of 27.1% in the first half of 2025 compared to the same period in 2024 [2][4]. Product Margins - The gross margin for refined fish oil dropped from 24.7% in the first half of 2024 to 8.3% in the first half of 2025. Similarly, the gross margin for fish oil soft capsules and other dietary supplements decreased from 31.8% to 24.7% during the same period [5][4]. - The core product lines, including refined fish oil and dietary supplements, contributed approximately 97.5%, 97.0%, 98.0%, and 98.8% to total revenue in 2022, 2023, 2024, and the first half of 2025, respectively [3]. Market Position - Yuwang Bio is recognized as the largest supplier of food-grade refined fish oil and its products globally, holding an 8.1% market share based on sales volume in 2024 [2]. - The company has a significant international presence, with revenue from non-China markets accounting for 47.3%, 53%, 60.9%, and 55% of total revenue in 2022, 2023, 2024, and the first half of 2025, respectively [8]. Customer Base - The company primarily sells its products to dietary supplement brand owners, fish oil product manufacturers, wholesalers, and pharmacies. Revenue from the top five customers accounted for approximately 23%, 17.5%, 18%, and 22.7% of total revenue in the respective years [6][8].

Core Viewpoint - Yuwang Bio-Nutrition Co., Ltd. has submitted its prospectus to the Hong Kong Stock Exchange, focusing on the development, production, and sale of refined fish oil and dietary supplements, with a notable decline in revenue and profit margins in the first half of 2025 compared to previous periods [1][4]. Financial Performance - The company reported net profits of approximately 67.3 million RMB, 102 million RMB, 125.3 million RMB, and 22.8 million RMB for the years 2022, 2023, 2024, and the first half of 2025, respectively [3]. - Revenue figures for the same periods were approximately 534 million RMB, 661 million RMB, 832 million RMB, and 343 million RMB, indicating a year-on-year revenue decrease of 27.1% in the first half of 2025 compared to the same period in 2024 [3][4]. Product Margins - The gross margin for refined fish oil dropped from 24.7% in the first half of 2024 to 8.3% in the first half of 2025, while the gross margin for fish oil soft capsules and other dietary supplements decreased from 31.8% to 24.7% in the same timeframe [5]. - The core product lines, including refined fish oil and dietary supplements, contributed approximately 97.5%, 97.0%, 98.0%, and 98.8% to total revenue for the years 2022, 2023, 2024, and the first half of 2025, respectively [3]. Market Position - Yuwang Bio is recognized as the largest supplier of food-grade refined fish oil and its products globally, holding an 8.1% market share based on sales volume in 2024 [2]. Customer Base - The company generates significant revenue from its top five customers, which accounted for approximately 23%, 17.5%, 18%, and 22.7% of total revenue in the years 2022, 2023, 2024, and the first half of 2025, respectively [6]. Export Revenue - A substantial portion of the company's revenue comes from international markets, with non-China market revenue accounting for 47.3%, 53%, 60.9%, and 55% of total revenue in the years 2022, 2023, 2024, and the first half of 2025, respectively [8]. Cost Structure - Raw material costs, primarily for fish oil, represent a significant portion of the company's total sales costs, accounting for 87.4%, 89.9%, 88.8%, and 86.7% in the years 2022, 2023, 2024, and the first half of 2025, respectively [9].

Core Viewpoint - Yuwang Bio is facing significant financial challenges, including a 74% drop in net profit and high debt levels, while also engaging in controversial dividend practices that may jeopardize future shareholder interests [1][6][9]. Financial Performance - Yuwang Bio reported revenues of 5.34 billion, 6.61 billion, 8.32 billion, and 3.43 billion for the years 2022 to 2025 H1, with net profits of 0.67 billion, 1.02 billion, 1.25 billion, and 0.23 billion respectively, indicating a 27.13% decline in revenue and a 74.01% decline in net profit for 2025 H1 compared to the previous year [3][5]. - The company's gross profit margins decreased from 25.4% in 2022 to 20.7% in 2025 H1, contributing to the decline in net profit [3][5]. Market Position - Yuwang Bio is the largest supplier of food-grade refined fish oil globally, holding an 8.1% market share as of 2024 [3][5]. - The global market for food-grade fish oil has experienced a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of -6.76% from 2020 to 2024, with a projected CAGR of 6.65% from 2025 to 2029, indicating limited growth potential [5]. Debt and Dividend Practices - The company's debt-to-asset ratio was over 90% in 2024 and remained above 83% in 2025 H1, while it declared a controversial dividend of 3.2 billion, exceeding its net profit for the three years from 2022 to 2024 [1][6][9]. - The 3.2 billion dividend was characterized as a "clearance dividend," which is defined as exceeding 80% of net profit over three years, raising concerns about the impact on future shareholder interests [8][9]. Internal Control Issues - Yuwang Bio reported a total of 1.59 billion in illegal bill financing and 2.42 billion in misallocated loan funds, totaling over 4 billion, indicating significant internal control failures [2][10][12]. - The company attributed these violations to a lack of familiarity with regulatory requirements, placing blame on the financial manager, which raises questions about overall governance and internal controls [12][13].

Core Viewpoint - Yuwang Bio Nutrition Co., Ltd. has submitted its IPO prospectus in Hong Kong, revealing significant financial challenges, including a 74% drop in net profit and a high debt ratio, raising concerns about its future profitability and governance practices [1][3][12]. Financial Performance - Yuwang Bio is the largest supplier of food-grade refined fish oil globally, with a market share of 8.1% as of 2024 [3]. - The company's revenue and net profit for the years 2022 to 2025 are as follows: - 2022: Revenue of 534 million RMB, Net Profit of 67 million RMB - 2023: Revenue of 661 million RMB, Net Profit of 102 million RMB - 2024: Revenue of 832 million RMB, Net Profit of 125 million RMB - 2025 (H1): Revenue of 343 million RMB, Net Profit of 23 million RMB - The company experienced a year-on-year revenue decline of 27.13% and a net profit decline of 74.01% in the first half of 2025 [3][5]. Profitability and Margin Issues - The gross profit margin has decreased from 25.4% in 2022 to 20.7% in the first half of 2025, contributing to the decline in net profit [3][5]. - The average selling prices of several core products have significantly dropped: - High-purity fish oil: from 323 thousand RMB/ton to 133 thousand RMB/ton (58.82% decrease) - Medium-purity fish oil: from 158 thousand RMB/ton to 74 thousand RMB/ton (53.16% decrease) - Low-purity fish oil: from 78 thousand RMB/ton to 45 thousand RMB/ton (42.31% decrease) - Fish oil soft capsules: from 155 thousand RMB/ton to 99 thousand RMB/ton (36.13% decrease) [5]. Debt and Dividend Practices - The company's debt ratio was over 90% in 2024 and remained above 83% in the first half of 2025 [7][8]. - Yuwang Bio declared a "clearing dividend" of 320 million RMB, which exceeds the total net profit of 294 million RMB for the years 2022 to 2024, raising concerns about the impact on future shareholder interests [10][11]. Internal Control and Compliance Issues - The company reported a total of 1.59 billion RMB in illegal bill financing and 2.42 billion RMB in misused loan funds, totaling over 4 billion RMB in compliance issues [2][12]. - Yuwang Bio attributed these violations to a lack of understanding of regulatory requirements, which raises questions about its internal governance and control mechanisms [15].