Summary of e.l.f. Beauty Fireside Chat - November 14, 2025 Company Overview - **Company**: e.l.f. Beauty (NYSE: ELF) - **Key Speakers**: Tarang Amin (Chairman and CEO), Mandy Fields (CFO) Key Points Industry and Market Trends - The U.S. mass beauty market has shown a growth of 2% in the last quarter, consistent with a decade-long trend [3][4] - e.l.f. has gained 160 basis points of market share recently, marking 27 consecutive quarters of market share gains [3][4] - e.l.f. is the number one unit share brand and number two dollar share brand in the beauty market, with significant potential for future growth [4] Financial Performance - e.l.f. experienced a surprising stock price pullback following FQ2 results, which the management deemed an overreaction [2] - The company repurchased $50 million of shares, reflecting confidence in its business fundamentals [2] - Organic sales declined by 3% in FQ2, primarily due to a strategic decision to halt shipments to certain retailers [6][12] - Consumption trends remained strong, with a 7% increase in consumption despite shipment issues [16][20] Shipment and Inventory Management - The decision to stop shipments was a tactical move to ensure retailers reflected the correct pricing after a price increase [7][10] - Normal shipment patterns resumed post-Q2, with no lingering issues expected in FQ3 [13][20] - The company anticipates that shipments will continue to lag behind consumption in the second half of the year due to previous expansions in retail space [15][16] International Expansion - International growth was reported at 2% in FQ2, impacted by the previous year's launch at Rossmann [14][47] - The U.K. market has faced challenges due to increased promotional activity from competitors, but e.l.f. continues to gain market share [48] - Future growth is expected from markets like Germany and the GCC, with significant expansion plans in place [44][50] Product Innovation and Pricing Strategy - e.l.f. plans to launch new products in spring 2026, with expectations of strong performance following previous successful launches [27][78] - A 15% price increase was implemented, with management pleased with the resulting consumption trends [74] - The company maintains a strong value proposition, with 75% of its portfolio priced at $10 or less [80] Acquisition of rhode - The acquisition of rhode is seen as a strategic move to enter the prestige beauty segment, with strong initial sales performance [81][84] - rhode is expected to contribute positively to e.l.f.'s overall margins and growth trajectory [56][58] - The brand has shown significant momentum in retail launches, outperforming previous records at Sephora [82][84] Gross Margin and EBITDA Outlook - e.l.f. expects a 200 basis point sequential improvement in gross margins for the second half of the year, despite tariff challenges [55][63] - Marketing spend is projected to increase in the second half, impacting EBITDA margins but aimed at driving long-term growth [62][63] Technology and AI Integration - e.l.f. is in the early stages of leveraging AI for operational efficiencies, particularly in marketing and consumer engagement [68][71] Conclusion - e.l.f. Beauty remains optimistic about its growth prospects, driven by strong consumption trends, strategic pricing, and innovative product launches, alongside the successful integration of rhode into its portfolio [39][84]

Financial Data and Key Metrics Changes - The company reported a recurring EBITDA of BRL 1.5 billion, reflecting a decrease of approximately 16.3% compared to the previous year [10] - The recurring net profit saw a significant drop of around 30.2%, influenced by increased depreciation from major investments and higher interest rates [12] - The company confirmed a triple-A rating from Moody's, indicating strong resilience in its financial position [4] Business Line Data and Key Metrics Changes - Distribution results were negatively impacted by large clients migrating to the basic network, affecting overall performance [4] - In the generation segment, the company faced challenges due to lower GSF (Generation Scaling Factor), necessitating energy purchases that resulted in a BRL 54 million impact [11] - The trading business experienced a reduction in margins, leading to a BRL 136 million impact on distribution [11] Market Data and Key Metrics Changes - The energy market experienced a drop of 4.4%, affecting all segments including rural, commercial, and industrial [18] - The company reported strong collection performance, particularly through digital channels and the PIX instant payment method [19] Company Strategy and Development Direction - The company is maintaining its largest investment program, with BRL 4.7 billion allocated for the quarter, focusing on distribution and substations [5][8] - Investments in regulated areas are expected to yield positive results in the future, particularly in tariff reviews [6] - The company aims to enhance service efficiency by insourcing employees and improving technology [15] Management's Comments on Operating Environment and Future Outlook - Management acknowledged the challenges faced in the quarter but emphasized the company's resilience and commitment to its investment plan [4][8] - The CEO highlighted the importance of cautious investments and the favorable position in the trading business for future growth [6] Other Important Information - The company received recognition as the best energy company in Brazil by Vision Negócios and other awards for financial performance and sustainability [21] - The healthcare plan for retired employees was approved, contributing to the company's sustainability efforts [5] Q&A Session Summary Question: Inquiry about technical note 53 and its impact on loss reporting - The management clarified that the new method for calculating losses does not retroactively affect past calculations and that they remain within regulatory limits [24][25] Question: Question regarding trading strategy and energy balance changes - The Chief Trading Officer explained that the company is focused on closing positions rather than opening new ones, influenced by market conditions [26][27]

Financial Data and Key Metrics Changes - As of September 30, the company reported Assets Under Management (AUM) of $989.1 million, with Q3 average AUM increasing to $950.7 million from $760.2 million in Q2 and $789 million in Q1, driven by crypto price movements and positive cash flows into ETP products [3][10] - Q3 revenue was $22.5 million, bringing cumulative IFRS revenues for the nine months ended September 30 to $80 million [3][10] - Q3 effective staking and lending income yield was 3.1%, down from 3.6% in Q2, attributed to lower protocol rewards [3][4] - Q3 operating income was $9 million, with a net income after tax of $3.9 million for the quarter and $33.8 million for the nine months [7][10] Business Line Data and Key Metrics Changes - The company staked approximately 58% of its AUM at the end of Q3, adjusting staking percentages in line with market conditions [4] - The effective management fee yield increased to 1.2% from 1.1% in Q2 due to new management fee-bearing products [4] - Valour was highlighted as a major performance driver, achieving net inflows every month year-to-date, with $38.8 million of inflows during Q3 [10][11] Market Data and Key Metrics Changes - The company noted a bullish outlook for cryptocurrency prices, with Bitcoin holding around $100,000, and increasing institutional and retail participation expected to drive prices higher [7][10] - The company is optimistic about expanding its addressable market in Europe, particularly with increasing institutional participation [22][45] Company Strategy and Development Direction - The company plans to focus on maximizing AUM and monetization through new product launches and expanding into new capital pools [41][42] - The recent $100 million equity raise is intended to support growth initiatives, including increasing staking and facilitating ETP market making [8][9] - The company is actively seeking M&A opportunities to strengthen its infrastructure and long-term growth prospects [9][60] Management's Comments on Operating Environment and Future Outlook - Management expressed confidence in achieving the core revenue forecast of $116.6 million for 2025, contingent on a modest rally in cryptocurrency prices [5][6] - The transition in leadership with Johan Wattenstrom stepping in as CEO is expected to maintain the company's growth trajectory and operational focus [15][18] - Management acknowledged the challenges posed by the proliferation of digital asset treasury companies but remains optimistic about future opportunities [5][25] Other Important Information - The company has a venture portfolio consisting of 12 private investments, with Amina Bank being the largest, representing 83% of the portfolio's fair value [8] - The company repurchased nearly one million shares for $2.44 million during the quarter, indicating a commitment to returning value to shareholders [12] Q&A Session Summary Question: Do Alpha trades carry a liquidity or price liability? - Johan Wattenstrom explained that all market risk for core operations is hedged, with some profit retained in tokens, leading to potential fluctuations based on market conditions [35][36] Question: What key message do you want to give long-term shareholders? - Johan Wattenstrom emphasized the focus on maximizing AUM and monetization through new products and vehicles aimed at tapping into new capital pools [41][42] Question: Can you comment on the investment pipeline? - Johan Wattenstrom noted that the company is looking at various opportunities but remains selective, ensuring that any potential acquisition aligns with long-term strategic goals [59][60]

Financial Data and Key Metrics Changes - As of September 30, the company reported Assets Under Management (AUM) of $989.1 million, with Q3 average AUM increasing to $950.7 million from $760.2 million in Q2 and $789 million in Q1, driven by crypto price movements and positive cash flows into ETP products [3][10] - Q3 revenue was $22.5 million, bringing cumulative IFRS revenues for the nine months ended September 30 to $80 million [3][10] - Q3 effective staking and lending income yield was 3.1%, down from 3.6% in Q2, attributed to lower protocol rewards [3][4] - Q3 operating income was $9 million, with a net income after tax of $3.9 million for the quarter and $33.8 million for the nine months [7][10] Business Line Data and Key Metrics Changes - The company staked approximately 58% of its AUM at the end of Q3, with a management fee yield of 1.2%, slightly up from 1.1% in Q2 due to new management fee-bearing products [4][3] - Valour was highlighted as a major driver of performance, achieving net inflows every month year-to-date, with $38.8 million of inflows during Q3 [10][11] - Stillman Digital generated $2.2 million in trading commissions in Q3, continuing to strengthen its position in institutional trading [11] Market Data and Key Metrics Changes - The company noted a bullish outlook for cryptocurrency prices, with Bitcoin holding around $100,000, and increasing institutional and retail participation expected to drive prices higher [7][10] - The company is optimistic about expanding its addressable market in Europe, particularly in France, where institutional participation is beginning to increase [22][45] Company Strategy and Development Direction - The company plans to focus on maximizing AUM and monetization through new product launches and expanding into new capital pools, including debt markets [41][42] - The recent $100 million equity financing will support increased staking and facilitate ETP market making on a larger AUM base [8][9] - The company is actively seeking creative M&A opportunities to strengthen its long-term growth prospects [9][60] Management's Comments on Operating Environment and Future Outlook - Management expressed confidence in the company's strong balance sheet and ability to capitalize on market opportunities, despite macroeconomic headwinds [10][14] - The incoming CEO, Johan Wattenstrom, emphasized the importance of maintaining a high focus on core strategies while exploring new geographic markets and product offerings [18][41] - Management acknowledged delays in DeFi Alpha opportunities but reiterated the strength and profitability of the underlying business [5][13] Other Important Information - The company repurchased nearly one million shares for $2.44 million during the quarter, indicating a commitment to returning value to shareholders [12] - The venture portfolio includes 12 private investments, with Amina Bank being the largest, representing 83% of the portfolio's fair value [8] Q&A Session Summary Question: Do Alpha trades carry a liquidity or price liability? - Johan Wattenstrom explained that all market risk for core operations is hedged, with some profit retained in tokens, which may fluctuate with market conditions [35][36] Question: What key message do you want to give long-term shareholders? - Johan Wattenstrom stated that the long-term core strategy remains unchanged, focusing on maximizing AUM and expanding into new product offerings [41] Question: Can you provide insight on the investment pipeline? - Johan Wattenstrom mentioned that the company is looking at various opportunities but remains selective, ensuring that any potential acquisition aligns with long-term strategic goals [59][60] Question: What is the outlook for geographic expansion? - Andrew Forson confirmed that the company is working on geographic expansion and has had success in securing new markets, although specific details cannot be disclosed until regulatory approval is obtained [27][28] Question: What is driving the revenue guidance for Q4? - Paul Bozoki clarified that the company expects to achieve $36 million in Q4, contingent on crypto price movements and operational performance [64][65]

Financial Data and Key Metrics Changes - The company reported a recurring EBITDA of BRL 1.5 billion, reflecting a decrease of approximately 16.3% compared to the previous year [10] - The recurring net profit saw a significant drop of around 30.2%, influenced by increased depreciation from major investments and higher interest rates [12] - The company maintained a strong leverage ratio at 1.76, indicating safe levels of net debt over recurring EBITDA [16] Business Line Data and Key Metrics Changes - Distribution results were negatively impacted by large clients migrating to the basic network, leading to a decrease in revenue [4] - The trading business faced challenges, with a reported impact of BRL 136 million due to reduced margins and the need to close positions [11] - Generation was affected by a lower GSF, necessitating energy purchases that resulted in an impact of BRL 54 million [11] Market Data and Key Metrics Changes - The energy market experienced a drop of 4.4%, affecting all segments including rural, commercial, and industrial [18] - The company reported strong collection rates, particularly through digital channels, with a focus on the Pix payment method [19] Company Strategy and Development Direction - The company is committed to a significant investment program, with BRL 4.7 billion allocated for the first nine months of 2025, primarily focused on distribution and substations [5][8] - The strategy includes enhancing service efficiency through technology investments, such as smart meters and improved infrastructure [15] Management's Comments on Operating Environment and Future Outlook - Management expressed confidence in the company's resilience and ability to navigate challenging market conditions, supported by a triple-A rating from Moody's [4][8] - The management highlighted the importance of ongoing investments in regulated areas to ensure future revenue growth [6] Other Important Information - The company received recognition as the best energy company in Brazil by Vision Negócios and other awards for financial performance and sustainability [21] - A collective agreement with the union was finalized, ensuring the sustainability of the healthcare plan for retired employees [5] Q&A Session Summary Question: Inquiry about technical note 53 and its impact on loss reporting - The management clarified that the new method for calculating losses will not retroactively affect past calculations and that current losses remain within regulatory limits [24][25] Question: Question regarding trading strategy and energy balance changes - The Chief Trading Officer explained that the company is focused on closing positions rather than opening new ones, influenced by market conditions [26][27]

Financial Data and Key Metrics Changes - The company's core FFO was negative $10.5 million for Q3 2025, compared to negative $11.5 million in the prior year, indicating a slight improvement [17] - Overall net operating income (NOI) was $7 million, down from $9.8 million in the previous quarter [6][7] - The company reported a negative FFO of $11.1 million, or negative $14.75 per diluted share, compared to negative $28.4 million in the prior year [17] Business Line Data and Key Metrics Changes - Office segment NOI decreased to $5 million in Q3 2025 from $5.4 million in Q3 2024, primarily due to lower rental revenues and occupancy declines [14][15] - Hotel NOI was $850,000 in Q3 2025, down from $1 million in the prior year, impacted by renovation disruptions [16] - Multifamily segment NOI increased to $792,000 in Q3 2025 from $508,000 in the prior year, driven by lower real estate taxes [16] Market Data and Key Metrics Changes - Multifamily occupancy at 701 South Hudson improved to approximately 81% from 68% at the end of the second quarter [9] - San Francisco experienced a third-quarter rent growth of 5.2%, the strongest year-over-year growth rate since 2015 [11] - The office portfolio was 73.6% leased at the end of Q3 2025, with a notable increase to 86.6% when excluding one Oakland property [12] Company Strategy and Development Direction - The company is focused on strengthening liquidity and balance sheet while growing its multifamily business [4] - A definitive agreement was made to sell the lending business for approximately $44 million, considered a non-core asset [5] - The company aims to benefit from a recovering commercial real estate market, supported by lower interest rates and increased office leasing activity [6] Management's Comments on Operating Environment and Future Outlook - Management expressed optimism about improving cash flow in 2026, driven by office leasing activity, hotel renovations, and multifamily performance [8] - The company believes headwinds from COVID are largely behind, with return-to-office trends creating positive momentum [12] - Management anticipates meaningful opportunities for multifamily NOI growth through rising rents and improved occupancy [11] Other Important Information - Barry Berlin, the CFO, will step down following the sale of the lending division, with Brandon Hill set to assume the role [8] - The company is nearing completion of an $11 million renovation at the Sheraton Grand Sacramento, funded through various sources [12] Q&A Session Summary - There were no questions during the Q&A session, leading to the conclusion of the conference [21]

Financial Data and Key Metrics Changes - The company reported a recurring EBITDA of BRL 1.5 billion, reflecting a decrease of approximately 16.3% compared to the previous year [10] - The recurring net profit saw a significant drop of around 30.2%, influenced by increased depreciation, higher interest rates, and leverage [12] - The company confirmed its triple-A rating by Moody's, indicating strong resilience in various market scenarios [5] Business Line Data and Key Metrics Changes - Distribution results were negatively impacted by large clients migrating to the basic network, leading to a decrease in revenue [5] - The company invested BRL 4.7 billion in the first nine months of 2025, with BRL 3.6 billion allocated specifically for distribution [6][8] - In generation, the company faced challenges due to lower GSF, resulting in a BRL 54 million impact from energy purchases [11] Market Data and Key Metrics Changes - The energy market experienced a drop of 4.4%, affecting all segments including rural, commercial, and industrial [18] - The company reported strong collection rates, particularly through digital channels, with a focus on instant payment methods like PIX [19] Company Strategy and Development Direction - The company is maintaining its investment plan, focusing on regulated areas to ensure future revenue growth [7][8] - There is a strategic emphasis on closing positions in the trading business rather than opening new ones, reflecting a cautious approach to market exposure [26][27] Management's Comments on Operating Environment and Future Outlook - Management acknowledged the challenges faced in the quarter but emphasized the company's resilience and ongoing investment strategy [4][5] - The management expressed confidence in the positive outcomes of their investment program and the expected tariff reviews [7][8] Other Important Information - The company received recognition as the best energy company in Brazil by Vision Negócios and other awards for financial performance and sustainability [21] Q&A Session Summary Question: Inquiry about technical note 53 and its impact on loss reporting - The management clarified that the new method for calculating losses will not retroactively affect past calculations and that they remain within regulatory limits [24][25] Question: Question regarding trading strategy and energy balance changes - The Chief Trading Officer explained that the company is focused on closing positions rather than opening new ones, influenced by market conditions [26][27]

Financial Data and Key Metrics Changes - As of September 30, 2025, the company reported Assets Under Management (AUM) of $989.1 million, with Q3 average AUM increasing to $950.7 million from $760.2 million in Q2 and $789 million in Q1, driven by crypto price movements and positive cash flows into ETP products [3][10] - Q3 revenue was $22.5 million, bringing cumulative IFRS revenues for the nine months ended September 30 to $80 million [3][10] - The effective staking and lending income yield decreased to 3.1% from 3.6% in Q2, attributed to lower protocol rewards [3][4] - Operating income for Q3 was $9 million, with a net income after tax of $3.9 million for the quarter [6][10] Business Line Data and Key Metrics Changes - The company staked approximately 58% of its AUM at the end of Q3, adjusting staking percentages in line with market conditions [4] - The effective management fee yield increased slightly to 1.2% from 1.1% in Q2 due to new management fee-bearing products [4] - The company closed Q3 with 99 products and reached its goal of 100 products in October 2025 [4] Market Data and Key Metrics Changes - The company noted a bullish outlook for cryptocurrency prices, with Bitcoin holding around $100,000, and expects increased institutional and retail participation [6][10] - The venture portfolio consists of 12 private investments, with Amina Bank being the largest, representing 83% of the portfolio's fair value [7] Company Strategy and Development Direction - The company aims to maximize AUM and monetization through new product launches and expanding into new markets, particularly in Europe [39][40] - The recent $100 million equity financing will support increased staking and facilitate ETP market making [8][9] - The company is actively seeking creative M&A opportunities to strengthen its position and expand its offerings [9][58] Management's Comments on Operating Environment and Future Outlook - Management expressed confidence in achieving the core revenue forecast of $116.6 million for 2025, despite delays in DeFi Alpha opportunities [5][13] - The company is optimistic about the potential for institutional participation in Europe, which could expand the addressable market [43] - Management highlighted the importance of maintaining a strong balance sheet to capitalize on growth opportunities and provide downside protection [9][12] Other Important Information - The company repurchased nearly one million shares for $2.44 million during the quarter [12] - The transition of CEO leadership from Olivier Roussy Newton to Johan Wattenstrom was announced, with a focus on continuing the company's growth trajectory [14][15] Q&A Session Summary Question: Do Alpha trades carry a liquidity or price liability? - The company has hedged all market risk for core operations, retaining some profit in tokens which may fluctuate with the market [34][35] Question: What key message do you want to give long-term shareholders? - The long-term core strategy remains focused on maximizing AUM and monetization through new products and vehicles for capital participation [39][40] Question: Can you provide insight on the investment pipeline? - The company is actively looking at various opportunities but remains selective, ensuring that any potential acquisition aligns with long-term strategic goals [56][58]

Summary of Merck & Co (NYSE:MRK) FY Conference - November 14, 2025 Industry Overview - The discussion focused on the vaccine industry, particularly vaccine access, development, and public trust in vaccination [2][18][22]. Key Points and Arguments Vaccine Hesitancy and Public Trust - Vaccine hesitancy has increased from approximately 5% to 10% among parents over the last five years, although the majority still choose vaccination for their children [3][4]. - Trust in healthcare professionals remains high, with pediatricians being the most trusted source of information for parents [4][5]. - Broader societal and political divides contribute to vaccine hesitancy, particularly regarding seasonal vaccinations like COVID-19 [4][12]. Value and Access in Vaccination - The value and access functions in the pharmaceutical industry focus on demonstrating the value of vaccines and ensuring patient access [6][7]. - Effective communication with healthcare decision-makers is crucial, emphasizing the broader societal benefits of vaccines, such as productivity gains and educational attainment [9][10]. - A dollar invested in vaccines can yield a return of $20 to $50, highlighting the economic value of vaccination [10]. Global Vaccine Access and Innovation - The Vaccines for Children Program provides zero-cost coverage for 50% of American children, indicating good access to pediatric vaccines [19][20]. - In a constrained pricing environment, maintaining incentives for innovation while ensuring vaccine accessibility is a challenge [22][23]. - Creative solutions, such as public-private partnerships and advanced market commitments, can help balance pricing and access [24][25]. Surveillance and Equity in Vaccine Distribution - Improved global surveillance can enhance equitable vaccine manufacturing and distribution, as seen in historical examples like smallpox eradication [28][30]. - Regionalizing vaccine manufacturing could address equity issues and improve response times during outbreaks [30]. Practical Barriers to Vaccine Implementation - Clinicians face practical barriers such as time constraints during patient visits, which can hinder discussions about vaccination [33][34]. - Workflow considerations, including vaccine storage and availability, are critical for successful vaccine implementation [34][35]. Future Directions in Vaccine Development - New understandings of immune tolerance and regulatory T cells could shape the next generation of vaccines [36][37]. - The importance of investing in surveillance, basic science research, and clinical trial infrastructure is emphasized for pandemic preparedness [44][46]. Communication of Vaccine Value - Communicating the broader societal and economic value of vaccines to payers and policymakers is essential for gaining support [38][39]. - A holistic approach to defining vaccine value, beyond just cost, is necessary to engage various stakeholders effectively [38][39]. Anticipatory R&D and Vaccine Platforms - There is a need for anticipatory R&D pipelines to prepare for future pandemics and neglected diseases, focusing on surveillance and environmental monitoring [44][46]. - The potential for developing vaccines that target multiple pathogens could revolutionize preventive healthcare [45][70]. Other Important Insights - The role of trusted local voices, such as pediatricians and community leaders, is crucial in translating vaccine policies into actionable information for parents [50][51]. - The integration of AI in vaccine development and public health messaging could enhance understanding and trust in vaccination [60][63]. This summary encapsulates the critical discussions and insights from the Merck & Co FY Conference, highlighting the complexities and opportunities within the vaccine industry.

Summary of Vaccine Access and Development Panel Discussion Industry Focus - **Industry**: Vaccine Development and Public Health Key Points and Arguments Vaccine Hesitancy and Public Trust - Vaccine hesitancy has increased from approximately 5% to 10% among parents over the last five years, although the majority still choose vaccination for their children [3][4] - Trust in healthcare professionals remains high, with pediatricians being the most trusted source of information for parents [4][5] - Broader societal and political divides contribute to vaccine hesitancy, particularly regarding seasonal vaccinations like COVID-19 [2][4] Value and Access in Vaccination - The value and access functions in the pharmaceutical industry focus on demonstrating the value of vaccines and ensuring patient access [6][7] - Effective communication with healthcare decision-makers is crucial, emphasizing the broader societal benefits of vaccines, such as productivity gains and educational attainment [9][10] - A dollar invested in vaccines can yield a return of $20 to $50, highlighting the economic value of vaccination [10] Barriers to Vaccine Access - Access to vaccines is generally good in the pediatric space, with programs like Vaccines for Children covering 50% of American children [19][20] - However, access to information and healthcare remains a challenge, leading to pockets of under-vaccinated children [20] Global Vaccine Economics - The economics of biopharmaceuticals are complex, with high costs and risks associated with bringing vaccines to market [21][22] - Innovative partnerships and pricing strategies are necessary to maintain incentives for vaccine development while ensuring accessibility [23][24] Importance of Surveillance - Improved global surveillance can enhance equitable vaccine manufacturing and distribution, as seen in the eradication of smallpox [26][29] - Surveillance can help identify outbreaks and inform targeted vaccination efforts [29] Practical Barriers in Clinical Settings - Time constraints during patient visits can hinder discussions about vaccination, impacting implementation [32][33] - Workflow considerations, such as vaccine storage and availability, are critical for successful vaccination programs [33] Future Directions in Vaccine Development - Advances in understanding immune tolerance and regulatory T cells may shape the next generation of vaccines [34][35] - The potential for AI to analyze vast amounts of data could enhance vaccine development and public health messaging [62][63] Anticipatory R&D for Pandemic Preparedness - Investment in disease surveillance and basic science research is essential for anticipating future health threats [42][43] - The development of vaccines that can target multiple pathogens is a promising area for future research [45] Conclusion - The panel emphasized the need for collaboration among stakeholders, effective communication, and innovative strategies to enhance vaccine access and public trust in vaccination efforts [50][68]