Core Viewpoint - The articles emphasize the importance of remembering and accurately teaching the history of the Chinese people's resistance against Japanese aggression, particularly in the context of Taiwan's historical narrative and education [1][2][3] Group 1: Historical Context - The year 2023 marks the 80th anniversary of Japan's unconditional surrender and Taiwan's liberation, highlighting the significance of these events in the collective memory of the Chinese people [1] - The articles discuss the historical struggle of Taiwanese people against Japanese occupation from 1895 and their contributions to the mainland's resistance during the Second Sino-Japanese War [2] Group 2: Education and Awareness - There is a concern regarding the Taiwanese government's efforts to downplay or distort the history of the anti-Japanese war in educational materials, which affects the younger generation's understanding of this critical period [1][2] - Media professionals from both sides of the Taiwan Strait are actively working to raise awareness and educate the public about the true history of the anti-Japanese war through visits to historical sites and museums [1][3] Group 3: Personal Reflections - Individuals participating in the activities express deep emotional connections to the history, with some recounting personal family stories related to the war, emphasizing the need to honor the sacrifices made by previous generations [2][3] - The harsh conditions faced by anti-Japanese fighters are highlighted, showcasing their dedication and resilience during the prolonged struggle against Japanese forces [3]

Core Points - The recovery of Shanhaiguan by the People's Army symbolizes the victory of the Chinese nation over Japanese invaders and the restoration of national territory [1][9] - The event marked a significant military achievement, facilitating the advance of the People's Army into Northeast China [1][9] Group 1 - The People's Army successfully recaptured Shanhaiguan on August 30, 1945, after it had been occupied for twelve years [1][9] - The operation involved collaboration with a Soviet Red Army unit, which joined forces to attack the remaining Japanese and puppet troops in the area [9] - The final ultimatum was issued to the occupying forces before the attack, aiming to minimize civilian casualties and protect historical sites [9] Group 2 - Zhang Jinxue, a photographer, documented the military victory, capturing significant moments that reflected the bravery of the troops and the struggles of the people [3][7] - The historical context includes the initial Japanese invasion in 1933 and the subsequent resistance by Chinese forces, culminating in a broader counter-offensive against Japanese occupation [7][9] - Mao Zedong's declaration on August 9, 1945, marked the beginning of a comprehensive counter-offensive against Japanese forces [7][9]

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes that Japan's defeat in World War II should be recognized as a loss to China, not just to the United States, highlighting the significant role played by Chinese forces in the war [2][6][17]. Group 1: Historical Context - August 15 marks the 80th anniversary of Japan's unconditional surrender, coinciding with the 80th anniversary of China's victory in the War of Resistance against Japan [1]. - Japan's narrative of defeat focuses on its loss to the United States, ignoring its defeat by China during the invasion [2][16]. - The Japanese military's deployment during the war shows a significant commitment to the Chinese front, with 1.38 million troops in China by 1941, compared to only 155,000 in the Pacific [4][5]. Group 2: Military Engagements and Costs - Japan's military expenditure in China from 1941 to 1945 totaled 415.41 billion yen, accounting for 57% of its total military spending during that period, while spending in the Pacific was only 184.2 billion yen [6]. - Major battles, such as the "Hundred Regiments Offensive" and the "Hengyang Defense Battle," demonstrated the fierce resistance of Chinese forces, inflicting heavy casualties on Japanese troops [12][14]. Group 3: Post-War Recognition and Impact - After Japan's surrender, formal ceremonies took place in China, including in Zhijiang and Nanjing, where Japanese forces surrendered to Chinese military leaders [7][9]. - The article argues that Japan's refusal to acknowledge its defeat by China has led to a distorted historical narrative, affecting Japan's perception of China and its own national identity [22][23]. - The ongoing military developments in China, such as the enhancement of naval capabilities, are causing concern in Japan, indicating a shift in regional power dynamics [24].

Core Viewpoint - The exhibition commemorates the 80th anniversary of the victory in the Anti-Japanese War, showcasing rare newspapers that document the historical events from the September 18 Incident to the victory in 1945, emphasizing the role of journalism in uniting the nation during times of crisis [3][4][5]. Group 1: Historical Significance of Newspapers - The newspapers on display serve as invaluable historical witnesses, published under extreme conditions, reflecting the dedication of journalists during the war [4]. - The exhibition highlights the importance of these newspapers in documenting the collective memory and spirit of the Chinese people during the Anti-Japanese War [4][5]. - The coverage of significant events, such as Japan's unconditional surrender, illustrates the urgency and responsibility of the press in informing the public [5][7]. Group 2: Key Events and Publications - On August 15, 1945, the headline "Japan Surrendered!" in the Dagongbao newspaper captured the excitement of the public, marking a pivotal moment in Chinese history [5]. - The Xinhua Daily published three special editions on August 10-11, 1945, announcing key developments leading to Japan's surrender, showcasing the rapid dissemination of crucial information [7][9]. - The exhibition features notable articles, including Mao Zedong's statements and the military orders issued following Japan's surrender, highlighting the role of the press in shaping public sentiment and military strategy [10][12]. Group 3: The Role of Journalism in the War - During the Anti-Japanese War, newspapers became essential in conveying war information, fostering patriotism, and promoting anti-Japanese sentiments among the populace [15][19]. - The Dagongbao and other publications maintained a commitment to reporting truthfully despite censorship and threats, exemplifying the resilience of the press [22][29]. - The exhibition underscores the collaborative efforts of various newspapers in mobilizing public support for the war effort and documenting the struggles faced by the Chinese people [28][34].

Core Viewpoint - The articles collectively highlight the significant contributions of various individuals and groups during the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, emphasizing the unity and determination of the Chinese people in their fight for national liberation and the role of youth and intellectuals in this struggle [1][4][20]. Group 1: Historical Events and Contributions - The Chinese People's War of Resistance was the first complete victory against foreign invasion in modern times, marked by the establishment of a united front under the leadership of the Communist Party [1]. - The "Minxian Team" was formed to promote anti-Japanese sentiments among youth, leading to the establishment of branches across various cities, which played a crucial role in mobilizing the population for the war effort [18]. - The "Pingshi Intelligence Communication Station" served as a vital hub for intelligence and material transport during the war, operating secret communications that significantly contributed to the resistance efforts [4][5]. Group 2: Key Figures and Their Impact - Cui Xianfang, recognized as the first Communist Party member in the Mentougou area, established the first party branch and educated local youth, fostering revolutionary consciousness [6][7]. - The "Hui Min Brigade," led by Ma Benzhai, achieved numerous victories against Japanese forces, employing innovative tactics that became models for other units [16][17]. - Musicians like Mai Xin and Cao Huasheng used their art to inspire and mobilize the masses, creating songs that became anthems of resistance and unity during the war [14][20]. Group 3: Cultural and Educational Initiatives - The "Minxian Team" organized summer camps for students to engage in physical training and political education, which helped maintain revolutionary fervor among the youth [19]. - The creation of songs and cultural works during this period served as a means to galvanize public sentiment and foster a collective identity against the invaders [15][20].

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the historical context and events surrounding the surrender of Japanese forces in Hainan during World War II, highlighting the military struggles, local resistance, and the eventual return of Japanese personnel to Japan after the war [9][10][15]. Group 1: Japanese Military Struggles - By 1945, Japanese forces were experiencing significant defeats in the Pacific War, leading to a loss of momentum on the Chinese front [10]. - The Japanese military attempted to fortify their positions in Hainan, deploying the 23rd Independent Mixed Brigade for defense, but faced setbacks following the Battle of Okinawa [10]. - Despite their declining situation, Japanese forces engaged in desperate measures, including "special attack" operations and the deployment of suicide boats known as "Shinyo" [10][11]. Group 2: Local Resistance and Surrender - The Qiongya Anti-Japanese Independent Brigade intensified efforts against Japanese and puppet forces in 1944, preparing for a counter-offensive as the war turned in favor of the Allies [13][14]. - Following Japan's unconditional surrender on August 15, 1945, local forces quickly mobilized to secure areas and compel remaining Japanese troops to surrender [14]. - The Japanese Navy's command in Hainan transitioned to a liaison role post-surrender, with the majority of Japanese personnel completing their handover by November 5, 1945 [14][15]. Group 3: Return of Japanese Personnel - After the surrender, the Nationalist government issued orders for Japanese forces in Hainan to comply with the terms of surrender and await Chinese reception [15]. - By March 1946, most Japanese military personnel and civilians had returned to Japan, with some remaining due to various circumstances [15][16]. - The repatriation of Taiwanese personnel from Hainan continued until 1949, indicating the prolonged impact of the war on the region [16].

Core Viewpoint - This year marks the 80th anniversary of the victory in the Chinese People's Anti-Japanese War and the World Anti-Fascist War, commemorating the historical significance and the stories of individuals preserving this history through various means [1]. Group 1: Memorialization Efforts - Li Zhaoguo, a retired soldier, has spent over 10 years and raised more than 4 million yuan to establish a personal Anti-Japanese War museum, showcasing over 2,000 artifacts as evidence of Japanese war crimes [5][6]. - The museum has received over 26,000 visitors, including descendants of survivors from the Nanjing Massacre, and serves as a patriotic education base for local schools [7]. - Yeng Fengquan, another museum curator, has collected over 20,000 artifacts related to the Anti-Japanese War, emphasizing the importance of preserving these items for future generations [8][9]. Group 2: Personal Stories and Contributions - Hua Zhongqiang, a descendant of anti-Japanese soldiers, has dedicated himself to documenting local anti-Japanese stories, resulting in the publication of a book that captures the essence of the West Gorge battle [13][14]. - Li Donghai, the curator of the Revival Museum, has amassed over 60,000 artifacts, including rare historical documents, and has transformed the museum into a well-known patriotic education site, attracting over 200,000 visitors [16][19]. - The efforts of these individuals highlight the ongoing commitment to remembering and educating future generations about the sacrifices made during the war [11][19].

记者：多年来您一直在挖掘史料和征集文物，初心是什么？ 申利芳：我一直认为，抗战不光是国家层面的大历史，也是无数普通家庭和个人的家族史、个人史。多 年来，我接触过很多老红军、老八路及其后人，他们是真正的"宝藏"。我们展示抗战史的时候，如果脱 离了真实的发生过程，就很难触动今天的观众。通过收集故事，我们希望不只是简单地介绍展品，而是 再现历史。 记者：对纪念馆来说，这项工作的用处是什么？ 申利芳：其实包括文物征集在内，我们最重要的工作是不断发掘和创新。比如，作为晋冀鲁豫边区首 府，在涉县驻扎过的机关众多，光查明的旧址就有137处，这里面有大量内容。2021年我们据此策划 了"晋冀鲁豫边区政权建设展"，里面用党建、军事、政治、经济、文化、粮农、卫生、民政、安保等13 个子展，系统展现了根据地是如何全面建设的。展览后来入选了庆祝中国共产党成立100周年精品展览 推介名单。 记者：接下来如何使用发掘出的史料？ 申利芳：今年"全国红色旅游联盟年会"将在涉县召开，纪念馆是主会场之一，我们策划了一个沉浸式的 数字展厅，主题是"战争与和平"。希望通过让观众直面战争的残酷，感受战争给当时人们带来的心灵创 伤，引导今天的人更加珍惜 ...

央广网北京8月13日消息 据中央广播电视总台中国之声报道，在江苏南京紫金山北麓，坐落着国内首座国际抗日航空烈士纪念馆——南京抗日航空烈士 纪念馆。31座黑色大理石英烈碑上，镌刻着4299位中外抗日航空英烈的姓名。在纪念馆广场上，矗立着一座座中外军人雕像，其中就有全民族抗战爆发后第 一个击落日本飞机的中国飞行员高志航的雕像。 南京抗日航空烈士纪念馆英烈碑 1937年8月13日，淞沪会战爆发。次日，日军出动十多架"九六式"轰炸机，在杭州笕桥机场投下炸弹，企图将中国空军为数不多的战机消灭在地面。中 国空军第四大队大队长高志航率队升空迎战并果断开火，在战友的密切配合下，连续击落、击伤日军战机，首开先河。 南京抗日航空烈士纪念馆研究人员窦若琪说："'八一四'空战大捷击落了三架日机，在1937年10月南京保卫战期间，高志航与队友也是并肩作战，取得 了击落十几架敌机的优秀战绩。" "八一四"空战，是全民族抗战爆发后的首次空中大捷，打破了"日本空军不可战胜"的神话，极大地鼓舞了中国军民抗战的士气。1937年11月，高志航奉 命接收苏联支援中国抗战的一批飞机，飞抵河南周家口驻防待命。11月21日，机场突遭11架日机偷袭，高志航 ...

央视网消息：徐州会战是抗日战争时期中日双方在以徐州为中心展开的一场大规模战役。著名的"台儿庄大捷"就是徐州会战的重 要组成部分。这场会战不仅关乎徐州地区的安危，更与整个抗战局势的走向紧密相连，成为中日双方战略博弈的关键节点。中国军人 以血肉之躯筑起钢铁防线，毙伤日军共2万多人。其中，台儿庄大捷更是提振全国抗日的信心，沉重打击了日军速亡中国的战略企 图。 1938年1月到5月，日军妄图打通津浦铁路，以南京、济南为基地，从南、北两面攻占徐州地区，打通华北和华中占领区，将南北 战场连成一体，进而全面吞并中国。面对日军的强大攻势，中国军队展开了一场持续五个月的大规模防御战。中国社会科学院近代史 研究所助理研究员姜涛表示，对日军而言，占领徐州意味着掌控整个战略全局，可以迅速沿陇海铁路西进直取武汉。一旦武汉失守， 中国抗战局势将陷入更为严峻的境地。 1938年日军调遣华北与华中方面军携飞机、大炮、坦克等重型武器，从南北两端向徐州发起进攻。 中国军队在台儿庄地区毙伤日军1万多人，取得了震惊中外的"台儿庄大捷"，日军残部向峄城、枣庄撤退。台儿庄大捷是抗战以 来，中国军队在正面战场取得的一次重大胜利。这场来之不易的胜利，是全体 ...