应对人口老龄化，浙江如何书写"银发答卷"？ 中新网杭州11月20日电(张煜欢)随着人口老龄化成为中国社会发展的重要趋势，如何构建一个有温度、 有质感的老年友好型社会，成为各地面临的共同课题。截至2024年底，浙江户籍老年人口已超过1450 万，老龄化率达28.3%。面对银发浪潮挑战，肩负高质量发展建设共同富裕示范区使命的浙江如何"应 招"？ 桐庐山村老年人在山腰的食堂内享用无人机运来的餐食。肖健 摄 直面"银发潮" 构建普惠养老服务体系 "预计到2030年，我省老龄化率将达到32%，老龄化程度越来越高。"在浙江省高质量完成"十四五"规划 系列主题第七场新闻发布会上，浙江省民政厅党组书记、厅长陈斌用直观数字阐述了浙江面临的严峻老 龄化形势。 应对老龄化，基础在于夯实养老服务网络。"十四五"以来，浙江着力推动基本养老服务区域均衡与老年 福利城乡一体。针对区域发展不平衡问题，该省创新推出"海岛支老"模式，组织基础较好的5个市对口 支援15个悬水小岛养老服务；开展"山区助老"及"帮您理银发"等公益行动，弥补偏远地区服务短板。 为了让城乡老人共享发展红利，浙江还推进高龄津贴、养老服务补贴、护理补贴等标准城乡统一，并因 ...

Core Viewpoint - The long-term care insurance (LTCI) system in China is being expanded to address the needs of over 45 million disabled and dementia-stricken elderly individuals, aiming to alleviate the social issue of "one person disabled, the whole family unbalanced" [2]. Group 1: Long-term Care Insurance Implementation - The LTCI pilot program was initiated in 2016 and has expanded to 49 cities by 2020, achieving its phase goals over the past nine years [1]. - In Jin City, over 560,000 people are enrolled in the LTCI program, with 5,145 individuals receiving benefits and total fund expenditures exceeding 84 million yuan [2]. - Ningbo has over 8.3 million participants in the LTCI program, providing benefits to nearly 50,000 severely disabled individuals and their families [3]. Group 2: Service Coverage and Benefits - Jin City offers a combination of home and on-site care for eligible individuals, with applications accepted for those in a stable condition for over six months [2]. - In Qingdao, the LTCI system covers 9.39 million participants, with benefits linked to the individual's insurance category and disability assessment level [4]. - Qingdao's LTCI program includes reimbursement for medical service fees and living care costs, significantly reducing the financial burden on families [5]. Group 3: Specialized Services for Different Demographics - The LTCI program in Nanjing has introduced specialized services for low-age disabled children, extending rehabilitation services from institutions to home settings [7]. - The program includes 45 service items in Jin City, covering both basic living care and medical services, with high-frequency equipment rental costs included in the insurance coverage [6]. Group 4: Addressing Challenges in Accessibility - Nanjing is piloting direct payment for LTCI benefits for elderly individuals living in different locations, ensuring they receive timely services [8]. - The information system in Nanjing has been upgraded to facilitate online applications for disability assessments, with local service counters available for in-person assistance [9]. - Qingdao has implemented both online and offline application channels, including a user-friendly interface for elderly individuals to access LTCI services [10].

"十五五"规划建议提出，推行长期护理保险，健全失能失智老年人照护体系，扩大康复护理、安宁疗护 服务供给。 2016年国家启动长期护理保险制度试点，2020年试点工作稳妥有序扩大至49个城市……9年来，试点工 作总体进展顺利，阶段目标基本实现。 ——编 者 数据显示，目前我国有超4500万失能失智老年人，长期护理保险有助于应对"一人失能、全家失 衡"的社会难题，为失能人群及其家庭带来了希望。 长护险如何购买、如何理赔？参保者能享受哪些服务和保障？针对失能老年人等群体有什么便利化 举措？ 报销一定比例医疗服务费，缓解失能老人家庭压力 "大爷，按摩完感觉好一些了吧？该吸氧了。"护工陈小亮扶着82岁的老人王保安坐了起来，把吸氧 管伸到他的鼻下。家住山西晋城市城区的王保安，患有肺气肿等多种疾病，不能正常走路、双手时常颤 抖。老人此前参保了长护险，2024年4月申请了长护险待遇，选择了居家和上门护理叠加的模式。 参保人在享受长护险待遇期间发生的医疗服务费，根据实际发生费用按比例报销，生活照护费则与 参保人的参保类别、失能评估等级挂钩。青岛莱西市日庄镇的倪合海老人，享受长护险待遇的前一年， 光住院费就高达6万元，其中个人负 ...

Core Insights - The article discusses the implementation and expansion of long-term care insurance (LTCI) in China, highlighting its role in addressing the needs of over 45 million elderly individuals with disabilities or dementia [2][3][4] - The LTCI system aims to provide comprehensive care services, including medical care and daily living assistance, to alleviate the burden on families of disabled elderly individuals [5][6] Group 1: Long-term Care Insurance Implementation - The LTCI pilot program was initiated in 2016 and has expanded to 49 cities by 2020, achieving its initial goals over the past nine years [1] - In Jin City, over 560,000 individuals are enrolled in the LTCI program, with more than 5,145 receiving benefits, totaling over 84 million yuan in fund expenditures [2][4] - Ningbo has over 8.3 million participants in the LTCI program, providing benefits to nearly 50,000 severely disabled individuals and their families [3] Group 2: Service Provision and Coverage - The LTCI system in Qingdao covers 9.39 million participants, including both urban and rural residents, with benefits linked to the level of disability assessed [4][6] - Services provided under LTCI include both medical care and daily living assistance, with specific provisions for home care and institutional care based on the severity of disability [6][7] - The program has introduced various service categories, including rehabilitation and specialized care for low-age disabled individuals, such as children with autism [7][8] Group 3: Accessibility and Convenience - The LTCI program has implemented measures to facilitate access for elderly individuals, including online and offline application channels, and a dedicated interface for elderly users [10] - To address the challenges faced by elderly individuals living in different locations from their place of insurance, a pilot program for direct payment of LTCI benefits in different cities is set to begin in January 2025 [8][9] - The system allows for efficient processing of applications and assessments, ensuring timely access to care services for disabled elderly individuals [9][10]

Core Viewpoint - The establishment of a long-term care insurance system in China aims to provide financial support and services for the elderly suffering from disabilities and dementia, significantly alleviating the economic burden on families and promoting the development of the long-term care industry [1] Group 1: Long-term Care Insurance System - Over 45 million elderly individuals in China require long-term care from family members or institutions [1] - The long-term care insurance system was initiated in June 2016, with 15 cities selected as pilot areas, and Jilin and Shandong provinces identified as key regions for exploration [1] - As of the end of 2024, 49 pilot cities will have a total of 188 million participants in the long-term care insurance program, with 1.4625 million individuals receiving benefits this year [1] Group 2: Financial Aspects - The total income of the long-term care insurance fund across pilot regions is 24.415 billion yuan, while total expenditures amount to 13.108 billion yuan [1] - The system is designed to alleviate the high costs associated with long-term care and medical services for disabled and demented individuals, thereby reducing the financial strain on families [1] Group 3: Industry Impact - The establishment of the long-term care insurance system is expected to significantly promote the growth of the elderly care service industry, particularly the long-term care sector [1]

——编者 数据显示，目前我国有超4500万失能失智老年人，长期护理保险有助于应对"一人失能、全家失衡"的社 会难题，为失能人群及其家庭带来了希望。 长护险如何购买、如何理赔？参保者能享受哪些服务和保障？针对失能老年人等群体有什么便利化举 措？ 报销一定比例医疗服务费，缓解失能老人家庭压力 "大爷，按摩完感觉好一些了吧？该吸氧了。"护工陈小亮扶着82岁的老人王保安坐了起来，把吸氧管伸 到他的鼻下。家住山西晋城市城区的王保安，患有肺气肿等多种疾病，不能正常走路、双手时常颤抖。 老人此前参保了长护险，2024年4月申请了长护险待遇，选择了居家和上门护理叠加的模式。 2021年1月，晋城市长护险制度正式启动实施。"只要是晋城市户籍的职工，参保不限年龄和身体条 件。"晋城市医保局四级调研员赵艺嵘介绍，失能状态达到6个月以上、病情基本稳定、需要长期护理就 可以申请长护险待遇，在辖区医保服务窗口或线上提交申请。"截至目前，晋城市长护险参保人数超56 万人，享受待遇的有5145人，基金支出超8400万元。"晋城市医保局局长赵锦会说。 在浙江宁波，长护险参保人数已超过830万人，长护险制度为近5万名重度失能人员及其家庭带来便利 ...

全省将从2026年1月1日起统一实施长期护理保险制度，职工从2026年1月1日开始缴费，居民在2025年集 中征缴期与城乡居民基本医疗保险费同步缴费，集中征缴期自2025年11月15日起至2026年2月28日止。同时， 已参保的失能人员经评估符合条件的，统一在2026年4月1日起开始享受待遇。 在筹资渠道上，我省将建立健全单位、个人、财政、社会等多元筹资渠道。单位职工由用人单位和个人 共同缴费;灵活就业人员和退休人员由个人按规定缴费;居民参保在个人缴费基础上，政府按规定给予补助。 在筹资方式上，职工按月征缴(灵活就业人员可按季征缴)，居民按年度筹集，均与基本医疗保险费一并缴 纳。18周岁以下非就业居民跟随父母或法定抚养人等参保，不单独筹资;孤儿、事实无人抚养儿童等无法跟随 参保的，可视同参保。 在筹资标准上，按照"以收定支、收支平衡"的原则合理确定筹资标准并动态调整。用人单位的缴费费率 为0.3%，费率由单位和个人按比例分担。退休人员缴费费率为0.15%，缴费基数为本人基本养老金，原单位 不缴费。灵活就业人员缴费费率为0.3%，缴费基数按上年度全口径城镇单位就业人员平均工资的60%确定。 城乡居民缴费费率从0 ...

Core Insights - The long-term care insurance (LTCI) system in China is entering a new phase as it is recognized as a national strategy, with significant emphasis on its implementation during the 14th and 15th Five-Year Plans [3][4] - The LTCI system aims to address the growing number of disabled elderly individuals, which is projected to reach 46 million by 2035, highlighting the increasing importance of LTCI in providing care and support [2][3] Group 1: LTCI System Development - The LTCI system has expanded from local trials in 2016 to a nationwide rollout, currently covering 1.8 billion people across 49 cities, with over 800 billion yuan spent on care for more than 260,000 disabled insured individuals [2][3] - The National Healthcare Security Administration has accelerated the establishment of a LTCI system tailored to China's conditions, with a timeline set for full implementation within three years [3][4] Group 2: Challenges and Recommendations - Key challenges include a single funding mechanism, inadequate service supply, and lack of coordination with other insurance systems [4][5] - Experts suggest creating a multi-tiered long-term care system that includes social LTCI for basic needs and supplementary commercial insurance for broader coverage [4][5] Group 3: AI Integration in LTCI - The integration of AI in LTCI is seen as essential for improving efficiency and standardization in fund assessment and disability evaluation, with AI potentially reducing evaluation time from weeks to hours [6][7] - AI can also enhance the monitoring of care quality and the use of assistive devices, with examples of successful implementations already in place [6][7]

Core Viewpoint - The implementation of the policy-based long-term care insurance (referred to as "long-term care insurance") is significantly alleviating the burden on families caring for disabled elderly individuals, especially in the context of China's aging population [1][5]. Group 1: Long-term Care Insurance Implementation - The long-term care insurance system was fully launched in Changzhou, Jiangsu Province, on January 1, 2022, after a three-year pilot program [1]. - As of June 2025, the long-term care insurance fund in Changzhou has disbursed 213 million yuan, benefiting a large number of residents [2]. Group 2: Service Structure and Benefits - The long-term care insurance supports a multi-tiered service system, including home care, nursing home care, and hospital care, with monthly payment caps of 1,500 yuan for severely disabled individuals and 900 yuan for moderately disabled individuals [2]. - Caregivers can receive a monthly living care subsidy of 600 yuan, enhancing the financial support for families [2]. Group 3: Funding and Operational Model - The funding mechanism for the long-term care insurance in Changzhou involves a shared responsibility model, with a uniform personal contribution of 30 yuan per year, supplemented by allocations from the medical insurance fund and fiscal subsidies [3]. - The operational model includes a "government-business cooperation" approach, with the Changzhou Medical Insurance Bureau responsible for policy formulation and China Pacific Insurance as the main contractor [3]. Group 4: Quality Control and Supervision - A dedicated auditing team conducts regular home visits and phone follow-ups to ensure service quality, supported by an online video inspection system for remote monitoring of caregivers [4]. - The establishment of the Changzhou Long-term Care Insurance Industry Association aims to address common challenges such as lack of coordination and talent shortages within the industry [4]. Group 5: National Expansion and Future Outlook - As of now, 49 cities in China are piloting long-term care insurance, covering approximately 190 million people, with total funding exceeding 100 billion yuan and expenditures surpassing 85 billion yuan [5]. - The issuance of the "Opinions on Accelerating the Establishment of a Long-term Care Insurance System" in July 2025 marks the beginning of a unified national system, with further implementation expected across various regions [5].

"我父亲的退休金除了看病吃药，剩下的不够请个保姆。"家住北京市石景山区的刘女士道出了一些 失能家庭面临的困境。刘女士的父亲因帕金森病生活无法自理，母亲年迈体弱，她与丈夫都是独生子 女，工作与照顾幼子让他们疲于奔命。 "我们面临的选择是，要么一个人辞职回家，要么请个保姆，无论哪种，生活压力都会增加。"刘女 士家面临的困境，正是长期护理保险制度（以下简称"长护险制度"）试图破解的核心难题。 长护险试点成效显著 民政部的数据显示，截至2024年末，全国65周岁及以上老年人口达2.2亿人，占总人口的15.6%。其 中，失能老人总数预计超过4000万人。随着生活和医疗水平持续提升，人均预期寿命的延长，未来失能 老人的数量还会继续增加。专业的机构护理费用高昂，动辄每月数千甚至上万元，成为许多普通家庭 的"不可承受之重"。 第三，长护险的核心是"服务"，而非简单的"现金补贴"。但目前我国专业的护理服务供给严重不 足，合格的养老护理员缺口巨大，且面临着社会地位低、劳动强度大、收入不高的职业困境。同时，提 供专业照护的养老机构"一床难求"，而社区、居家护理服务网络尚不完善。这导致可能出现"虽有保 险，却无服务可买"的尴尬局面， ...