□ 进一步消除各类区域隐形壁垒，完善对地方政府政绩的考核方式，引导区域之间形成良性竞争生态 □ 以城市群为载体，加快形成城市群内跨行政区域的常态化监管协调机制，着力解决区域基础设施建设 标准不一致的难题，以基础设施的高效连通推进区域一体化发展迈上新台阶 □ 杨成长龚芳邹威 □ 加快构建和完善不同区域间的利益补偿机制，缩小区域差异，推进区域协调平衡发展 □ 区域市场是组成全国统一大市场的基本单元，区域循环通过打破地理边界与行政藩篱，借助基础设施 的互联互通、跨区域规则的互认以及市场标准的衔接来推动要素自由流动和产业分工协作，从而降低市 场交易成本，畅通国内大循环 畅通区域循环包含区域良性竞争、区域有效合作和区域差异化发展三个层次的内涵，良性的区域竞争是 激发区域主体发展活力的重要抓手，区域之间的有效合作是实现区域互联互通的有效举措，引导区域发 掘差异化比较优势是实现区域协调发展的关键所在。在畅通国民经济循环和新型产业循环的基础上，本 文从地理视角出发，重点聚焦区域发展中的隐形壁垒、无效内卷及协调发展难题，为推进全国统一大市 场建设，全面释放内需市场潜力提供区域视角的参考。 一、区域协调发展是推进全国统一大市场建 ...

中国发展改革报社评论员|张洽棠 扩大内需与促进开放协同。 内需是中国经济的"发动机"，本次政治局会议提出，设立服务消费与养老再贷款，定向支持服务与消费 领域，要求"尽快清理消费领域限制性措施"，这些是在需求侧的细分领域进行深入创新，充分释放消费 潜在活力。同时，会议还提出"提高中低收入群体收入"，这是从收入端努力解决消费的动力源问题，使 得人民群众能花、敢花且想花，让消费这驾"马车"跑得更稳、更快且更好。 近日，扩大服务业开放试点新增9个城市，允许外资控股医疗机构等政策频出。我国制度型开放的步子 越走越快，同时，面对关税等国际博弈，会议也明确提出"反对单边霸凌行径"。目前，外部环境充满了 不确定性，也对部分企业造成了一定的冲击，不过，包括内外贸一体化等"组合拳"在较大程度上实现了 风险对冲，让广大外贸企业真切体会到了国家的温暖。 短期政策发力与长期制度建设兼顾。 当前，在面对国际国内纷繁复杂的局面时，我们更多地展现出战略主动出击，将主动权牢牢掌握在自己 手中。这既是发展韧性的真实体现，也是改革创新的生动写照。 会议的政策基调十分明确，即"加强超常规逆周期调节"，要求财政与货币政策双轮驱动、超常规发力。 不仅有 ...

中国经济，正频频让人感到"超预期"。 一季度经济同比增速5.4%，超出了很多国内外机构的预测，而过去往往在四月底召开的中央政治局会议，来得也比往年更早一 些。 时间本身也是信号。 当前，经济持续回升向好的基础还需要进一步稳固，外部冲击影响加大，在这样的国内外情况下，及时召开会议并向社会传递应对 当前形势的决策判断与工作部署，可以帮助各界更好认识当前经济形势，统一思想认识，也可以更好凝聚共识。 细看中央政治局会议新闻通稿，多处表述之前都很少见。比如这句， "统筹国内经济发展和国际经贸斗争" 。和2018年的"经贸摩 擦"相比，"经贸斗争"反映出中央对当前国际形势的严峻性、长期性和艰巨性的最新判断，也正基于这样的判断，会议提出要"强化 底线思维，充分备足预案，扎实做好经济工作。" 以变应变。 会议提出， "要着力稳就业、稳企业、稳市场、稳预期" ，也蕴含不少新意。 "稳就业"排在首位，"对受关税影响较大的企业，提高失业保险基金稳岗返还比例"，表明在外部冲击加大的情况下，对就业这个民 生之首的高度重视。 稳企业、稳市场，"多措并举帮扶困难企业"，透露出宏观决策对微观经济运行主体的关切度在进一步提升。在去年9月以来一 ...

还将开展市场准入壁垒清理整治行动。 备受市场期待的新版市场准入负面清单发布，市场准入限制进一步放宽，市场准入管理更加优化。 国家发改委会同商务部、国家市场监管总局24日发布《市场准入负面清单（2025年版）》（下称《清单 （2025年版）》），事项数量由2022年版的117项缩减至106项，事项下的全国性具体管理措施由486条 缩减至469条，地方性管理措施由36条缩减至20条。 国家发改委表示，经过四次修订，一大批行业准入限制得以放宽，各类经营主体都能看得见、摸得着、 进得去，"宽准入"红利切实赋能经济社会发展，做到了"清单越缩越短、市场越放越活"。 第一财经了解到，三部门还将开展市场准入壁垒清理整治行动。重点是以地方性法规、规章、规范性文 件、其他政策性文件等形式设立和实行的违反市场准入制度要求的各类规定文件，以及各级政府违规设 置市场准入壁垒的各类做法情形。 国家发改委宏观经济研究院副研究员张铭慎表示，新一版市场准入负面清单充分反映了行政审批制度改 革进展和全国统一大市场建设要求，推动市场准入门槛切实下降。突出"降低准入门槛"导向，有序放宽 市场准入限制，力争做到"宽准入"；突出"守住重要底线"导向，依 ...

Core Viewpoint - The newly released "Market Access Negative List (2025 Edition)" indicates a further relaxation of market access restrictions in China, reducing the number of restricted items from 117 to 106 compared to the 2022 version [1][2]. Group 1: Changes in Market Access - The 2025 edition of the negative list has lowered entry barriers by removing 8 national access restrictions, such as changing the public seal engraving industry from a licensing system to a filing system [1]. - The list has also opened up 8 national measures in sectors like new telecommunications services, TV production, and pharmaceutical wholesale and retail, streamlining the access process while maintaining necessary management [1]. - Additionally, 17 local measures have been removed, promoting a unified national market by canceling local licensing requirements in areas like transportation logistics and vehicle rental services [1]. Group 2: Equal Access for Enterprises - According to the National Development and Reform Commission, all types of business entities, whether state-owned or private, large or small, can enter the market equally and legally, with no illegal access barriers set by the government outside the list [2]. - The 2025 edition maintains a balance by ensuring that while access is widened, certain sectors like unmanned aerial vehicle operations and new tobacco products are still included in the negative list for regulatory purposes [2]. Group 3: Historical Context - Since the first version of the market access negative list was introduced in 2018, there have been four revisions, reducing the number of restricted items from 151 to the current 106, representing a reduction of approximately 30% [2].

Core Points - The Supreme People's Court of China held a press conference to release the "Judicial Protection Status of Intellectual Property by Chinese Courts (2024)" and typical cases related to intellectual property [1] - In 2023, Chinese courts received nearly 530,000 intellectual property cases and concluded over 540,000, indicating a steady increase in case resolution rates and judicial efficiency [2] - The courts have implemented punitive damages in 460 civil infringement cases, with a year-on-year increase of 44.2%, highlighting a strict approach to intellectual property protection [2] - The Supreme People's Court has introduced comprehensive guidelines to enhance judicial protection for technological innovation, aiming to safeguard the rights of innovation entities [2] Group 1: Judicial Efficiency and Case Management - Chinese courts have seen a stable rise in the number of concluded intellectual property cases, with a case resolution rate that continues to improve [2] - The establishment of 30 specialized intellectual property courts and 558 grassroots courts with jurisdiction over intellectual property cases has optimized the judicial landscape [4] - The implementation of a "three-in-one" trial mechanism across various courts has further enhanced the efficiency of intellectual property judicial protection [4] Group 2: Protection of Innovation and Technology - The Supreme People's Court has actively protected technological innovation by issuing opinions that provide systematic guidance for cases involving high-tech intellectual property [2] - A notable case involving punitive damages for a technology secret infringement in the "new energy vehicle chassis" case resulted in compensation exceeding 640 million yuan, showcasing the court's commitment to protecting innovation [2] - The court has also opened hearings for patent ownership disputes related to "osteoarthritis drugs," reinforcing the protection of research entities [2] Group 3: International Cooperation and Global Governance - The Supreme People's Court has engaged in international cooperation by participating in global governance discussions on intellectual property, including hosting seminars with the World Intellectual Property Organization [7] - The court has actively participated in bilateral and multilateral exchanges, enhancing China's international influence in intellectual property law [8] - In 2024, the courts received 8,252 new foreign-related intellectual property cases, reflecting a commitment to fair treatment of both domestic and foreign parties [7]

畅通经济循环 推进统一大市场建设(一） 杨成长 龚 芳 曾培春 高效完备的制度体系是全国统一大市场畅通运行的重要前提基础。从市场基础制度来看，全 国统一大市场建设包含了三个层次的制度，分别是市场运行制度、信用制度以及产权制度 从实践来看，企业全生命周期包含创立、成长、成熟、衰退四个阶段，对应到市场运行活动 中的准入、竞争、退出三个环节。高效、统一的市场准入、退出及公平竞争制度是保障企业主体 正常生产经营和参与社会经济运行的重要制度基础 良好的信用环境和信用机制是维系企业间商业活动秩序、降低企业交易成本的制度保障。信 用制度作为市场"软环境"的集中体现，也是纵深推进全国统一大市场建设的重要制度基础 完善的产权保护制度是激发全社会创新潜力、鼓励创业的重要制度基础。加快完善产权制 度，彻底厘清企业有限产权责任与企业家个人财产之间的界限，坚决杜绝企业家个人无限连带责 任的现象，已成为激发民营主体活力，畅通国内大循环的关键所在 应对外部市场环境不确定性的挑战，全面激发内需市场活力，释放内需增长潜能成为稳经济 稳预期的关键所在。今年政府工作报告将全方位扩大国内需求放在首要位置，并明确提出要通过 纵深推进全国统一大市场建设 ...

Core Viewpoint - The Chinese government is committed to implementing more proactive macro policies and increasing counter-cyclical adjustments to support stable economic growth and reform [1][5]. Group 1: Economic Policies - Premier Li Qiang emphasized the need for more active macro policies and counter-cyclical adjustments to ensure sustained economic improvement [1][5]. - The government aims to deepen economic reforms and promote a unified national market to facilitate smoother economic circulation [1][5]. Group 2: Industry Insights - The China Iron and Steel Association highlighted that supply-demand imbalance is the main issue affecting the steel industry, advocating for the closure of new production capacity and the exit of outdated capacity [1]. - In the glass industry, inventory levels have decreased, with a reported reduction of 2.02 million heavy boxes week-on-week, indicating a potential recovery in demand [2][15]. Group 3: Commodity Market Trends - Gold prices reached new highs, driven by expectations of future monetary easing and geopolitical uncertainties, although upward momentum may slow after surpassing $3000 per ounce [3][18]. - Aluminum prices are under pressure due to high levels, affecting downstream consumption, while demand is gradually recovering post-holiday [3][21]. Group 4: Agricultural Products - The domestic apple cold storage inventory decreased by 234,500 tons, indicating a slight improvement in market dynamics, while prices remain stable [32]. - The domestic pig price continues to decline, with expectations of increased supply in the coming months due to recovering breeding stock [33].

Group 1 - The core viewpoint emphasizes the need for the government to act as an executor of the Central Committee's decisions, highlighting the importance of being proactive and results-oriented in governance [1][2] - The government has outlined specific tasks for economic and social development, including actions to boost consumption, promote a unified national market, and advance the "Artificial Intelligence +" initiative [2] - There is a focus on enhancing high-level opening up, stabilizing foreign trade and investment, and effectively responding to external shocks [2] Group 2 - The meeting involved key officials from various ministries, including the National Development and Reform Commission and the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, indicating a collaborative approach to policy implementation [3][4] - The government aims to deepen reforms and improve the legal and credit environment to stimulate the initiative of various business entities [2] - The emphasis is placed on achieving higher standards in development, particularly in areas such as domestic circulation, green transformation, and improving people's livelihoods [2]

Group 1 - The construction of a unified national market is emphasized as a crucial requirement in the government work report, with the metaphor of "self-harming" if not pursued [1] - China's vast market, projected to generate nearly 50 trillion yuan in consumption and investment in 2024, is highlighted as a significant advantage, with any 1% demand equating to a market of over 14 million people [2] - The central government has prioritized the establishment of a unified market, implementing various policies to eliminate local protectionism and market fragmentation, aiming for a stable and fair competitive environment [2][3] Group 2 - Despite the reduction of visible barriers to a unified market, hidden barriers still exist, causing challenges for businesses in cross-regional operations and investments [3] - The shift in the government work report's language from "accelerate" to "deepen" indicates a stronger commitment to reforming the unified market, with specific prohibitions outlined in the guidelines [3] - The importance of an open and fair market environment is underscored, as approximately 24,000 new enterprises are established daily, which are vital for the vitality of the Chinese economy [4]