Group 1 - The Trump administration has introduced a significant tax increase list that impacts various countries globally, including traditional allies and emerging nations like Brazil and India, demonstrating a clear "America First" approach [1][3] - Notably, China is absent from this tax list, raising questions about the strategic reasoning behind this omission, especially given Trump's previous threats against China during his campaign [3][6] - Former U.S. Treasury Secretary Larry Summers stated that this move inadvertently positions China as the "only winner" in this scenario, highlighting the complexities of the trade dynamics at play [5][12] Group 2 - The underlying strategy of Trump's tariffs is to revitalize the U.S. manufacturing sector and address domestic economic issues, but the decision to spare China suggests a recognition of the potential backlash from a full-scale trade war [6][8] - The absence of tariffs on China may be a tactical choice to avoid severe repercussions on the U.S. economy, as China is a critical player in global manufacturing and a significant market for U.S. goods [8][9] - Trump's isolationist policies have inadvertently provided opportunities for China to strengthen its global partnerships and advance its economic strategies, such as the Belt and Road Initiative and RCEP [10][14] Group 3 - The long-term implications of Trump's tariff strategy could harm the U.S. economy and its international reputation, as rising prices from tariffs directly affect American consumers [8][9] - The approach taken by the Trump administration may lead to a shift in global economic dynamics, with countries increasingly seeking self-reliance and forming new alliances outside of U.S. influence [12][14] - The evolving landscape suggests a move towards a multipolar world, where countries that resist U.S. pressure, like Brazil and India, may emerge as significant players in a redefined global order [12][14]

新华财经塔那那利佛8月18日电（记者凌馨）第45届南部非洲发展共同体（南共体）首脑会议17日在马 达加斯加首都塔那那利佛举行。多名与会的国家领导人和代表强调，南部非洲国家须加强团结合作，推 动区域经贸一体化发展，以应对国际经贸环境不稳定等挑战。 本次会议主题为"推动工业化、农业改革和能源转型，建设一个更具韧性的南共体"。会上，马达加斯加 总统拉乔利纳正式接替津巴布韦总统姆南加古瓦，成为南共体新任轮值主席。 拉乔利纳表示，本次会议是实现南共体成员国共同愿景的"关键性转折点"。他承诺将致力于加强南部非 洲政治和经济领域团结，以统一声音面对外部贸易挑战。 南共体执行秘书埃利亚斯·马戈西指出，2024年，南共体成员国间贸易仅占成员国对外贸易总额的五分 之一。他建议，应首先致力于加快消除成员国间贸易壁垒，加强货物、服务和人员的跨境自由往来，以 促进区域贸易一体化发展。 纳米比亚总统恩代特瓦强调，在将原材料出口到南共体外部市场前须进行加工，以增加产品附加值。她 建议着手实施南共体价值链计划，通过战略性产业的价值链发展，促进区域经济一体化。 南共体现有16个成员国，其宗旨是在平等、互利和均衡的基础上建立开放型经济，打破关税 ...

Core Viewpoint - The article argues that the U.S. tariff policy undermines the principles of international trade order and uses trade as a coercive tool, urging global South countries to seek multilateral cooperation opportunities [1] Trade Policy Impact - The U.S. imposes a 30% tariff on South African goods, despite South Africa accounting for only 0.25% of total U.S. imports [1] - The high tariffs on South African exports are attributed to power dynamics rather than economic or trade factors [1] Multilateralism and Cooperation - The article highlights that the frequent use of tariffs by the U.S. sets a dangerous precedent, leading to the collapse of multilateralism as trade becomes a tool of coercion rather than cooperation [1] - South Africa and other nations have historically viewed Western markets as stable and rule-based, but the current U.S. approach is arbitrary [1] Regional Trade Relations - South African President Ramaphosa supports expanding trade relations with Africa, Asia, and the Middle East [1] - The African Continental Free Trade Agreement is expected to integrate Africa into a market valued at $3.4 trillion [1]

新华财经开普敦8月18日电（记者王雷王晓梅）南非独立在线新闻网站日前刊登金砖问题专家克洛埃·马 卢莱克的文章说，美国关税政策打破了国际贸易秩序中尊重规则的原则，将贸易当作胁迫工具。全球南 方国家应共同努力，寻求多边合作机遇。文章摘要如下： 美国对南非输美商品征收30%的关税，而实际上，南非对美出口在美国进口商品总额中仅占0.25%。南 非输美商品被征高关税，与经济无关，与贸易无关，而与强权有关。美国频繁挥舞关税大棒的做法，开 启了危险先例。当贸易成为胁迫而不是合作工具时，多边主义的前提就开始崩溃。 长期以来，南非和许多国家制定贸易政策的前提是西方市场是"稳定的、理性的和基于规则的"。而如 今，美国的规则是任意的，伙伴关系——至少在特朗普政府的定义下——取决于默许和服从。 美国发动关税战让外界明确了一件事，那就是对美依赖是一种负担，真正的韧性在于融合、生产和自 决。全球南方国家应共同努力，寻求多边合作机遇。南非总统拉马福萨支持扩大与非洲、亚洲和中东的 贸易关系。同时，《非洲大陆自由贸易协定》也有望将非洲整合为价值3.4万亿美元的市场。 （文章来源：新华社） ...

Group 1 - The 25th anniversary of the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation marks significant achievements in China-Africa collaboration, establishing a model for global South-South cooperation [1] - The relationship between China and Africa has reached its historical peak, with the overall positioning elevated to a "new era of all-weather China-Africa community of shared future" [1] - The trade volume between China and Africa is expected to approach $300 billion in 2024, with China maintaining its position as Africa's largest trading partner for 16 consecutive years [2] Group 2 - China has significantly contributed to Africa's infrastructure development, building nearly 100,000 kilometers of roads, over 10,000 kilometers of railways, nearly 1,000 bridges, and close to 100 ports, which has facilitated Africa's industrialization and modernization [3] - The cooperation is driven by Africa's needs, prompting other countries to consider African demands in their partnerships [3] - China has been a sincere friend to Africa, supporting debt relief initiatives and actively participating in the G20's debt suspension initiative for the poorest countries [3] Group 3 - The current global economic climate is affected by unilateralism and protectionism, which pose challenges to multilateral trade systems [4] - China and Africa, as important members of the global South, should jointly defend true multilateralism and maintain an open and inclusive multilateral trade system [4]

而欧洲不是不想表态，是没法表态。2024 年中欧贸易额突破 7000 亿欧元。德国大众在中国卖了 400 多万辆车，占全球销量 38%，若真加 200% 关税，狼堡 总部第二天就得贴裁员通知。 法国奢侈品巨头们更明白其中要害。中国消费者撑起其三分之一全球销量。意大利纺织商把中国当生命线，米兰设计的面料经中国加工再销往全球，关税一 拦，整条产业链都得停摆。 G7 峰会现场突然陷入死寂。美国财长贝森特刚说完 "考虑对中国加征 200% 次级关税"，欧洲各国代表就集体沉默了 —— 有人盯着鞋子发呆，有人眼神飘向 窗外，谁都不愿接话。 8 月 14 日观察者网消息称，这场沉默发生在G7峰会的关键环节。贝森特见在场的所有欧洲国家都正在兴致勃勃的谈论着对俄制裁，还以为自己找到了"同道 中人"。 于是他抛出对华加征200%关税的提议，想看看这些领导人有什么好建议，结果现场鸦雀无声，压根没人敢接他的话。 可现在，欧洲领导人们与泽连斯基正在视频连线特朗普，恳求他在美俄会谈中别出卖乌克兰利益。贝森特深知仅凭美国一国之力想要制裁中国绝对不容易， 所以他才在G7峰会上征询各国领导人的意见，可结果很让贝森特失望。 更深层的原因，是欧洲 ...

Group 1 - The 25th anniversary of the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation marks significant achievements in China-Africa collaboration, establishing it as a model for global South cooperation [1] - The relationship between China and Africa has reached its historical peak, with the overall positioning upgraded to a new era of a "China-Africa community with a shared future" [1] - The trade volume between China and Africa is expected to approach $300 billion in 2024, with China maintaining its position as Africa's largest trading partner for 16 consecutive years [2] Group 2 - China has significantly contributed to Africa's infrastructure development, building nearly 100,000 kilometers of roads, over 10,000 kilometers of railways, nearly 1,000 bridges, and close to 100 ports, which supports Africa's industrialization and modernization [3] - The cooperation is based on mutual respect and consideration of Africa's needs, encouraging other countries to adopt a similar approach in their partnerships with African nations [3] - China has been a sincere partner in promoting Africa's development, actively supporting debt relief initiatives for African countries during challenging times [3] Group 3 - The current global economic climate is affected by unilateralism and protectionism, prompting China and Africa to advocate for genuine multilateralism and an open trading system [4] - The stability of China-Africa relations is seen as crucial in navigating global uncertainties and continuing to advance cooperation [4]

Group 1 - Brazilian President Lula opposes tariff bullying and advocates for equal rules in trade [1][3] - The U.S. government imposed a 40% tariff on Brazilian products starting August 6, raising the total tariff rate on most Brazilian exports to 50% [1] - Lula claims the U.S. accusations against Brazil are unfounded and reflect a unilateral hegemonic mindset [1][3] Group 2 - Lula emphasizes Brazil's commitment to multilateralism and aims to maintain a stable, open, and predictable business environment [4] - The Brazilian government seeks to create more cooperation opportunities and development space for investors from around the world [4]

Core Points - The photo exhibition commemorating the 80th anniversary of the victory in the Chinese People's Anti-Japanese War and the World Anti-Fascist War was held in Lusaka, Zambia, with around 130 attendees including local citizens, overseas Chinese, and representatives from Chinese enterprises [1] - The exhibition, themed "Remembering History, Maintaining Peace," features approximately 200 images depicting the struggles of the Chinese people against Japanese aggression and will run until August 21 [1] - Chinese Ambassador to Zambia, Han Jing, emphasized the sacrifices made by both Chinese and Zambian people during the World Anti-Fascist War and called for joint efforts to uphold the international system centered around the United Nations [1] - The Permanent Secretary of Zambia's Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation, Gondesen, paid tribute to Chinese heroes who sacrificed their lives during the war and praised China's commitment to multilateralism and international justice [1] - The President of the Zambia China Peaceful Reunification Promotion Association, Che Jianjun, highlighted the connection of overseas Chinese to their homeland and encouraged them to cherish peace and contribute to the cause of national reunification [1]

Group 1 - The ongoing dynamics of the US-China trade war continue to attract global attention, with a superficial 90-day "truce" masking underlying tensions [1] - US Treasury Secretary Mnuchin's proposal for a 200% secondary tariff on China at the G7 meeting was met with silence from other leaders, indicating a lack of support for aggressive tariff policies [1] - European countries, including Germany, Italy, and Japan, are closely tied to China's supply chains, leading to reluctance in supporting US measures against China [1] Group 2 - European nations are cautious about becoming collateral damage in the US-China trade war, having already experienced economic losses, particularly in agriculture and manufacturing [3] - China's countermeasures against US and European sanctions have been strategic, targeting specific European banks to convey the potential consequences of siding with the US [3] - The anticipated trade volume between China and Europe is projected to exceed 700 billion euros in 2024, with Germany's annual car sales in China reaching 2 million units, highlighting the economic interdependence [5] Group 3 - The US faces a strategic dilemma, balancing its hardline stance against China with the fragile state of its economic recovery, as tariffs have led to increased consumer prices [5] - The silence from European nations regarding the proposed 200% tariffs reflects their complex economic interests and a shift towards seeking a balance between the US and China [5] - The evolving relationship among China, the US, and Europe suggests a move towards multilateralism, with Europe unlikely to fully align with the US but instead aiming to maximize its own interests [7]