据中国政府网11日消息，国务院近日发布关于全国部分地区要素市场化配置综合改革试点实施方案的批复（简称"批复"）。 | 首页 > 信息公开 > 国务院文件 > 国民经济管理、国有资产监管 > 经济体制授革默认 大 起大 ｜ 打印 园 收藏 ☆ 留盲 必 ｜ ② ② ② | | --- | | 索 引 号: 000014349/2025-00075 主题分类: 国民经济管理、国有资产监管\经济体制改革 | | 发文机关: 国务院 成文日期: 2025年09月08日 | | 标 题:国务院关于全国部分地区要素市场化配置综合改革试点实施方案的批复 | | 发布日期: 2025年09月11日 发文字号: 国函(2025)86号 | 批复称，同意自即日起2年内开展北京城市副中心、苏南重点城市、杭甬温、合肥都市圈、福厦泉、郑州市、长株潭、粤港澳大湾区内地九市、重庆市、 成都市等10个要素市场化配置综合改革试点，原则同意有关实施方案，请认真组织实施。 批复明确，方案实施要以综合改革试点为牵引，深入推进要素市场化配置改革，完善要素市场制度和规则，着力破除阻碍要素自由流动和高效配置的体制 机制障碍，保证各种所有制经济依法平等使用 ...

经济观察网据人民财讯消息，9月11日，国家发展改革委副主任李春临在国务院政策例行吹风会上表 示，深化要素市场化配置改革，是建设全国统一大市场的关键环节。此次在全国部分地区实施要素市场 化配置综合改革试点，将聚焦要素市场建设的重点领域、关键环节和经营主体反应强烈的问题。综合改 革试点强调因地制宜，各展所长，可更好发挥地方改革探索的积极性和主动性，对经济社会发展增添新 的动力。 ...

国务院发布关于全国部分地区要素市场化配置综合改革试点实施方案的批复，同意自即日起2年内开展 北京城市副中心、苏南重点城市、杭甬温、合肥都市圈、福厦泉、郑州市、长株潭、粤港澳大湾区内地 九市、重庆市、成都市等10个要素市场化配置综合改革试点，原则同意有关实施方案，请认真组织实 施。 国家发展改革委要牵头做好统筹协调和指导服务，会同国务院有关部门积极支持指导试点地区抓好方案 落实，做好风险管控和应对处置，总结提炼制度成果，形成可复制可推广的经验做法，力求抓出改革成 效。试点过程中凡涉及调整现行法律或行政法规的，按法定程序经全国人大及其常委会或国务院授权后 实施。 责任编辑：凌辰 方案实施要坚持以习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想为指导，深入贯彻党的二十大和二十届二中、三 中全会精神，完整准确全面贯彻新发展理念，以综合改革试点为牵引，深入推进要素市场化配置改革， 完善要素市场制度和规则，着力破除阻碍要素自由流动和高效配置的体制机制障碍，保证各种所有制经 济依法平等使用生产要素、公平参与市场竞争、同等受到法律保护，推动要素质量逐步提高、生产要素 畅通流动、各类资源高效配置、市场潜力充分释放，为促进新质生产力发展、纵深推 ...

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the importance of deepening the market-oriented allocation of factors as a crucial measure for constructing a high-level socialist market economy and promoting the establishment of a unified national market [2][4]. Group 1: Importance of Factor Market Reform - The State Council's recent meeting highlighted the need to focus on key areas and critical links to advance reform trials, encouraging regions to innovate and explore differentiated reforms [2][3]. - The reform is essential for enhancing the efficiency of factor allocation, addressing issues such as the misallocation of traditional production factors like land, labor, and capital, and developing a market-oriented mechanism for new production factors like data [3][4]. Group 2: Challenges and Solutions - The article identifies several challenges in the ongoing factor market reform, particularly in the relationship between government and market, which requires careful balance to avoid excessive intervention or neglect [5][6]. - Key areas needing attention include improving land allocation efficiency, facilitating the smooth flow of labor, enhancing capital's service to the real economy, and promoting the transformation of technological factors into productive forces [7]. Group 3: Empowerment and Legal Framework - The article advocates for further "empowerment" to reduce obstacles in the market-oriented allocation of factors, encouraging regions to boldly explore reforms and respect grassroots innovation [8][9]. - It stresses the need to establish a legal and policy adjustment mechanism to support the comprehensive reform trials, ensuring alignment with existing laws and regulations [8][9].

Core Viewpoint - The Chinese government is advancing the market-oriented reform of factor allocation to enhance resource efficiency and promote high-quality economic development [1][2][4]. Group 1: Policy Initiatives - The State Council meeting on August 29 emphasized the need for comprehensive pilot reforms in factor market allocation across various regions [1]. - The 2020 document from the Central Committee and State Council outlined the goal of establishing a more complete system for market-oriented factor allocation, focusing on breaking down barriers to the free flow of factors [2]. - The 2021 pilot program encouraged local governments to explore differentiated reforms based on their unique characteristics [2]. Group 2: Economic Implications - The reform aims to facilitate the free flow and efficient allocation of production factors such as labor, capital, technology, and data, which is essential for high-quality economic development [4]. - The initiative is expected to enhance the overall productivity of factors, thereby contributing to economic growth and innovation [4][5]. - The ongoing reforms are seen as a critical step towards building a high-level socialist market economy and promoting a unified national market [6]. Group 3: Implementation and Coordination - The government plans to coordinate and guide the pilot projects, ensuring timely evaluation and the development of replicable practices [1]. - The Central Economic Committee's recent meeting outlined the basic requirements for advancing the construction of a unified national market, emphasizing the need for unified market infrastructure and regulatory practices [3].

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the importance of implementing market-oriented reforms in factor allocation to promote the construction of a unified national market, highlighting the need for efficient and fair resource distribution and the elimination of local protectionism [1][3][4]. Group 1: Policy Initiatives - The State Council's recent meeting discussed the implementation of pilot reforms for market-oriented factor allocation in certain regions, aiming to enhance the decisive role of the market in resource allocation [1]. - The Central Committee has been consistently deploying and advancing factor market reforms since the issuance of the 2020 guidelines, which focus on breaking down barriers to the free flow of factors and expanding the scope of market-oriented allocation [2]. - The 2024 decision by the Central Committee emphasizes the need to improve the institutional framework for factor markets, ensuring smooth flow and efficient allocation of resources [2][3]. Group 2: Economic Implications - The reform of factor market allocation is crucial for advancing the construction of a unified national market, which requires overcoming local protectionism and promoting the free flow of resources across broader regions [3][4]. - The promotion of free movement of various production factors, such as labor, capital, technology, and data, is essential for achieving high-quality economic development and enhancing overall productivity [4]. - The ongoing reforms are expected to significantly improve the efficiency of land, capital, and technology allocation, which aligns with the goals of developing new productive forces and fostering innovation [4][5]. Group 3: Historical Context and Progress - Historical reforms have already improved land allocation efficiency, with successful pilot projects in collective land use and household registration system reforms contributing to enhanced urban welfare for migrant workers [5]. - The steady advancement of factor market reforms is seen as a vital step towards establishing a high-level socialist market economy and facilitating high-quality economic growth [5].

Core Viewpoint - The State Council of China is advancing the pilot program for the market-oriented allocation of factors, which is essential for building a unified, open, and competitive market system, and is a key part of improving the socialist market economy [1] Group 1: Historical Context and Current Initiatives - The historical context of factor market reform in China shows a consistent alignment with the demand for high-quality economic development, transitioning from focusing on commodity markets to addressing the efficiency bottlenecks of traditional factors like land, labor, and capital, while emphasizing the importance of new factors such as technology and data [1] - The 2020 "Action Plan for Building a High-Standard Market System" systematically deployed reforms for five key factors: land, labor, capital, technology, and data, marking a shift from "single-point breakthroughs" to "systematic promotion" [1] - Local explorations in factor markets, such as the pilot programs for collective construction land in Zhejiang and the establishment of intellectual property trading centers in Beijing and Shanghai, have laid a foundation for nationwide institutional innovation [1] Group 2: Challenges and Core Tasks - The market-oriented allocation reform faces deep-rooted challenges, including the dual issues of "urban-rural division" and "insufficient intensive use" in land factors, structural mismatches in human resources, and the emerging difficulties in data factors due to unclear property rights and inadequate transaction rules [2] - The core task of the pilot program is to break through these bottlenecks and achieve deeper institutional innovation to fundamentally resolve these issues [2] Group 3: Recommendations for Reform - Strengthening "institutional supply" is crucial, which involves establishing a regulatory framework for the flow of factors, including clarifying property rights and improving transaction and distribution systems for different factors [3] - Encouraging "localized approaches" allows pilot regions to conduct differentiated explorations based on their unique endowments, with eastern regions focusing on new factors like technology and data, while central and western regions prioritize land and labor market reforms [3] - Emphasizing "coordinated linkage" ensures that factor market reforms are integrated with other reforms in administrative approval, business environment, and fiscal finance, preventing monopolistic practices and ensuring fair competition [4] Group 4: Expected Outcomes - The expectation is that the pilot programs will stimulate factor vitality and drive institutional innovation to address allocation challenges, ultimately providing strong momentum for achieving high-quality development [4]

Group 1 - The meeting emphasized the importance of deepening factor market-oriented reforms as a crucial measure for building a high-level socialist market economy and promoting a unified national market [1] - The focus is on enhancing the market's decisive role in resource allocation, promoting market-determined factor prices, and ensuring efficient and fair allocation [1] - Key areas for reform include stimulating innovation in technological factors, optimizing land resource allocation, guiding the rational flow of human resources, and developing a data factor market [1] Group 2 - The construction of county-level ordinary high schools is vital for the growth and success of many students, especially those from rural areas [2] - The meeting called for scientific optimization of resource allocation to accelerate the development of county-level ordinary high schools, addressing the challenges posed by urbanization and population mobility [2] - The implementation of the Medical and Health Strengthening Foundation Project is crucial for the health and well-being of the population, focusing on enhancing grassroots medical services and improving healthcare accessibility [2]

Group 1 - The meeting emphasized the importance of deepening factor market-oriented reforms as a crucial measure for building a high-level socialist market economy and promoting the construction of a unified national market [3] - The focus is on enhancing the market's decisive role in resource allocation, promoting efficient and fair allocation of factors, and fostering innovation in technological factors [3][4] - The meeting called for targeted reforms in key areas, encouraging pilot regions to innovate and explore differentiated reforms to eliminate institutional barriers [3] Group 2 - The construction of county-level ordinary high schools is vital for the growth and success of countless students, especially those from rural areas [4] - There is a need to optimize resource allocation for county-level high schools, adapt to urbanization trends, and increase the supply of educational resources [4] - The implementation of the Medical and Health Foundation Project is crucial for public health, focusing on strengthening grassroots medical services and improving healthcare accessibility [5]

Core Insights - Shenzhen has transformed from a small fishing village into a global innovation hub over 45 years, driven by reform and opening-up policies [2][3] - The city is recognized for its significant economic size, leading foreign trade, and a large number of high-tech enterprises, showcasing the vitality of socialism with Chinese characteristics [2][3] - Shenzhen's success is attributed to a combination of favorable historical conditions, geographical advantages, and a culture of inclusivity [3][6] Economic Development - Shenzhen ranks third in national economic size and first in foreign trade volume, with over 25,000 national high-tech enterprises [2] - The city has implemented 48 reform experiences that have been promoted by the National Development and Reform Commission [4] - The comprehensive reform pilot has led to breakthroughs in market-oriented resource allocation and innovative legislation in emerging industries [4][5] Innovation and Technology - Shenzhen has become a center for technological innovation, with significant investments in R&D, accounting for 6.46% of GDP in 2024, and leading in PCT international patent applications [5][6] - The city has fostered a robust ecosystem for innovation, integrating various chains such as innovation, industry, finance, and talent [5] Future Outlook - Shenzhen is positioned as a model for China's modernization, with new missions to explore higher levels of reform and development [3][6] - The city faces challenges in areas such as international competition, technological self-reliance, and public services, necessitating continued innovation and reform [6][7] - The central government has outlined expectations for Shenzhen to deepen reforms and expand openness, emphasizing the importance of the city's pioneering spirit [6][7]