在祖国北疆的辽阔版图上，库布其沙漠如一条黄色巨龙，盘踞在黄河"几字弯"南岸。 在党中央坚强领导下，一代代治沙人接续奋斗，库布其沙漠已有6000多平方公里披上"绿装"，入黄泥沙量显著减少，实现从"沙 进人退"到"绿进沙退"的历史性转变。 习近平总书记强调，中国历来高度重视荒漠化防治工作，取得了显著成就，为推进美丽中国建设作出了积极贡献，为国际社会 治理生态环境提供了中国经验。库布其治沙就是其中的成功实践。 今年9月，第十届库布其国际沙漠论坛在内蒙古自治区鄂尔多斯市举办。记者深入这片中国第七大沙漠，探访和记录沙区人民改 善生态、守护家园、保卫黄河的时代壮举。 04:05 母亲河畔褪去"黄衫"披"绿装" 75岁的白七劳，生活在鄂尔多斯市达拉特旗展旦召苏木柴登嘎查，这里南邻沙漠，北依黄河。库布其沙漠曾以每年10米的速度 北侵，嘎查的农田和草牧场不断被侵蚀吞没，黄河也难堪重负。 20世纪80年代末，时任柴登嘎查党支部书记的白七劳，带领全嘎查村民栽下16公里长的林带，有效遏制了沙漠北侵。白七劳感 慨："几代人就谋了这一件事。" 这是2025年9月10日拍摄 的库布其沙漠北缘锁边林带（无人机照片）。新华社记者 李志鹏 摄 ...

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the significance of effective government investment during the current phase of unconventional counter-cyclical macroeconomic regulation, highlighting its "key" role in expanding domestic demand [1][8]. Summary by Relevant Sections Understanding Effective Investment - Effective investment by the government differs from competitive market investments made by enterprises, focusing on public goods and infrastructure related to market failures [9]. - The combination of proactive fiscal policies and moderately loose monetary policies is crucial for effective investment, aiming to boost employment and market demand [9][11]. - Short-term investments should be aligned with long-term structural optimization to enhance development momentum [11][12]. - Infrastructure projects should be planned with an "appropriate advance" to ensure their effectiveness, avoiding both excessive and insufficient foresight [12][14]. - The concept of "positive externality" in investment reflects broader societal benefits beyond direct financial returns, as seen in projects like the Qinghai-Tibet Railway [15]. - Government investment can stimulate private sector investment by improving the overall economic environment and market confidence [16]. - Effective investment requires feasibility studies and high-quality operational plans to ensure project success [17]. Key Areas of Government Investment - Current government investment focuses on major national strategies and enhancing security capabilities in key sectors [17]. - The construction of sponge cities and comprehensive drainage systems is highlighted as a priority, with lessons learned from past failures in urban infrastructure [18][21]. - The integration of urban transportation systems, including subways and parking facilities, is essential for modern urban living and should be prioritized in planning [21][22]. - There is significant potential for investment in areas such as old residential building renovations and rural revitalization, which can drive economic growth [22][23]. - The availability of production factors like steel, cement, and labor is not a constraint; rather, the challenge lies in creating effective mechanisms for investment [23].

Core Viewpoint - Shandong Province's Linqu County has effectively implemented the "work for relief" policy, leveraging village-level cooperatives and councils to enhance rural infrastructure and promote rural revitalization, resulting in significant achievements [1][3]. Group 1: Organizational Structure - Linqu County has established a "village cooperative + council" operational mechanism to enhance grassroots governance and project execution, with village party secretaries serving as cooperative leaders to strengthen organizational cohesion [1][2]. - The county has prioritized local labor participation in projects, ensuring that community members are involved in construction and management, thereby fostering local economic growth [2]. Group 2: Policy Implementation - The county has developed detailed measures to align with national policy requirements, focusing on practical execution standards that favor local labor over mechanization [2]. - A pilot project in Jiangyu Town exemplifies the county's approach, with local cooperatives managing labor organization and project execution, supported by a dedicated leadership group from the town government [2]. Group 3: Benefit Sharing - Village cooperatives have become comprehensive platforms for industry development, public services, and social governance, addressing employment challenges and enhancing collective income [3]. - Since 2023, Linqu County has secured seven central budget projects under the "work for relief" initiative, with a total investment of 48.47 million yuan, leading to the creation of 1,462 local jobs and the distribution of 16.3 million yuan in labor remuneration [3].

Core Insights - The Shandong provincial government is actively promoting the "work-for-relief" program to address rural employment issues and improve infrastructure [1] Group 1: Employment and Income - The program has successfully engaged 570,000 workers, resulting in a total labor remuneration of 9.47 billion yuan [1] - On average, each worker has seen an income increase of 17,000 yuan [1] Group 2: Infrastructure Development - A total of 10 billion yuan has been allocated for the program, funding 259 projects [1] - Key infrastructure improvements include the construction and renovation of 1,243 kilometers of roads, 319 kilometers of drainage ditches, and 838 kilometers of underground water supply and drainage pipelines, along with the construction of 100 bridges and culverts [1] Group 3: Rural Labor Market Dynamics - With approximately 35 million rural residents in Shandong, there is a significant demand for local employment due to rapid urbanization and agricultural modernization [1] - The program addresses the gap in rural infrastructure investment, which is often overlooked by industry and local funding [1]

Core Viewpoint - The construction of the Xinyi Expressway, a significant infrastructure project in Yibin, is expected to enhance regional connectivity and stimulate economic development in the Sichuan province, with a total investment of approximately 14.3 billion yuan and a construction period of four years [1]. Group 1: Project Overview - The Xinyi Expressway spans 65 kilometers for the main line and 24.3 kilometers for connecting lines, with a total investment of about 14.3 billion yuan and a construction period of four years [1]. - The project will significantly reduce travel time from Yibin city to Xinshi Town in Pingshan County from over two hours to under one hour [1]. - The expressway will connect multiple major highways, facilitating multi-directional connectivity with Yunnan, Chongqing, and Chengdu [1]. Group 2: Technical Challenges - The expressway features a bridge-tunnel ratio of 66.25%, indicating that approximately two-thirds of the route will involve crossing mountains and rivers, which increases construction complexity and costs [2][3]. - The project includes 48 bridges and 8 tunnels, with significant engineering challenges such as the 7.3-kilometer Zhengjiashan Tunnel, which requires extensive safety measures against high-pressure water and gas leaks [2][3]. - The geological conditions present additional challenges, including the need for slope stabilization and foundation reinforcement due to the presence of karst topography and soft soil [3]. Group 3: Economic Impact - The Xinyi Expressway will serve as a crucial link between the southern Sichuan economic zone and the Panxi economic zone, providing a direct transportation route for mineral and clean energy resources [4]. - The expressway will reduce logistics costs and travel distances for transporting resources from the Panxi region to Yibin, enhancing regional economic collaboration [4]. - The project is expected to create approximately 8,000 jobs during peak construction, contributing an estimated 8 million yuan in income to local residents [5]. Group 4: Regional Development - The expressway will facilitate the integration of local agricultural products into broader markets, enhancing the economic prospects for local farmers [5]. - It will also support the development of the photovoltaic industry in the region by improving the transportation of equipment and components [5]. - The project aims to promote tourism by connecting local attractions within a one-hour travel radius, contributing to rural revitalization and industrial upgrades [5].

Core Points - The article highlights the positive impact of infrastructure projects on local employment and income generation in Wuxia Village, Guizhou Province, particularly through the construction of an industrial road for the white tea industry [1][2][3] Group 1: Employment and Income Generation - The construction of the industrial road has created job opportunities for local residents, with an average daily wage of 100 yuan for agricultural work and 150 yuan for construction work [1] - The project has employed around 30 to 40 workers daily, with over 80% being poverty alleviation households, significantly increasing local employment [1][2] - In 2023, the county received 53.86 million yuan in special funds for labor-based projects, which are expected to create over 1,800 jobs and generate 20 million yuan in labor remuneration, with an average income increase of over 10,000 yuan per person [2] Group 2: Project Details and Impact - The labor-based project has a total investment of over 6.6 million yuan and includes the construction of a 10.41-kilometer industrial road, which previously was a muddy path that hindered access [1] - The project not only focuses on road construction but also includes other infrastructure improvements and environmental enhancements, contributing to overall community development [2][3] - The local government emphasizes that small projects can significantly improve the livelihoods of the community, showcasing the effectiveness of labor-based assistance in poverty alleviation [3]

Core Viewpoint - The implementation of labor-for-work projects has significantly increased local employment opportunities and income for low-income communities, with a focus on infrastructure development and community engagement [1][5]. Group 1: Employment and Income Generation - A total of 208,000 low-income individuals have been employed through labor-for-work projects, representing a 32% year-on-year increase [1]. - The labor remuneration distributed has reached 22.3 billion yuan, marking a 34% increase compared to the previous year [1]. - In Guizhou Province, the labor-for-work project has created job opportunities for over 900 individuals, with labor remuneration exceeding 8 million yuan [5]. Group 2: Project Implementation and Impact - The labor-for-work project in Wuxia Village includes the construction of a 10.41-kilometer industrial road, with a total investment of over 6.6 million yuan [3]. - The project aims to enhance local agricultural infrastructure, specifically for the white tea industry, facilitating better access and employment [3][4]. - Completion of these projects is expected to absorb over 1,800 workers and distribute 20 million yuan in labor remuneration, with an average income increase of over 10,000 yuan per person [5]. Group 3: Community Engagement and Skills Development - Local villagers are actively participating in the construction work, with daily wages ranging from 170 to 300 yuan depending on skill level [4]. - Training programs are being provided to help workers transition from manual labor to skilled positions, enhancing their employability [4]. - The community's involvement in these projects not only provides immediate financial benefits but also fosters a sense of ownership and pride in local development [5].

Core Viewpoint - The article highlights the positive impact of infrastructure projects, specifically the construction of an industrial road in Wuxia Village, Guizhou Province, on local employment and poverty alleviation efforts [2][4]. Group 1: Employment and Income Generation - The industrial road project is part of a labor-for-work initiative, providing local residents with job opportunities and contributing to their income [2][3]. - The village cooperative manages 521 acres of tea garden, employing local residents during peak seasons, with wages of 100 yuan per day for agricultural work and 150 yuan per day for construction work [2]. - The project has created an average of 30 to 40 jobs daily, with over 80% of the workers being from impoverished households [3]. Group 2: Project Investment and Scope - The total investment for the labor-for-work project is over 6.6 million yuan, covering the construction of 10.41 kilometers of industrial road and footpaths [2][3]. - Since the beginning of the year, the county has received 53.86 million yuan in special funds for labor-for-work initiatives, implementing nine projects that have engaged over 900 workers and disbursed more than 8 million yuan in labor compensation [3]. Group 3: Skills Development and Future Opportunities - Workers, including those like Wu Xiuhua, are gaining skills through on-the-job training, with the potential to transition from manual labor to skilled positions, increasing their daily wages to 300 yuan [3][4]. - The completion of these projects is expected to create additional job opportunities, with an estimated 1,800 workers and 20 million yuan in labor compensation, leading to an average income increase of over 10,000 yuan per person [3].

Core Viewpoint - Jiangxi Province's Yichun City Tonggu County focuses on improving the quality and efficiency of "work-for-relief" projects, aiming to inject strong momentum into rural revitalization through a closed-loop management system that emphasizes project reserve, innovative models, precise services, and strict fund management [1] Group 1: Project Reserve Mechanism - The county has established a "three-level linkage" project reserve mechanism led by the Development and Reform Commission, involving industry departments and townships, focusing on key areas such as rural transportation, water conservancy, and living facilities [2] - A total of 20 projects have been reserved for 2023-2024, with a total investment of 90 million yuan, creating a dynamic management model of "planning a batch, reserving a batch, implementing a batch" [2] - Targeted training has been organized to improve the quality of project reserves and the efficiency of applications, covering key personnel in all townships [2] Group 2: Innovative Self-Building Model - An innovative "self-building by the masses + multi-party supervision" mechanism has been implemented in the work-for-relief demonstration project in Sandu Town, where village committees lead the establishment of villagers' councils to participate in procurement and labor organization [3] - This model has saved approximately 200,000 yuan in bidding and material costs and increased the labor remuneration payment ratio to 40% of the budgeted funds, directly benefiting low-income groups [3] - The county promotes a model of "village collective undertaking + community participation," achieving a dual benefit of project implementation and income increase for villagers [3] Group 3: Accelerated Project Initiation - To ensure immediate project initiation upon fund arrival, the county has implemented a dual-track approach for policy services and preliminary procedures, providing clear guidelines for application requirements [4] - An innovative "pre-approval + pre-construction" mechanism allows project units to complete preliminary procedures before funds are allocated, leading to a 30% reduction in average project initiation time since 2024 [4] Group 4: Strict Fund Management - The county has incorporated labor remuneration distribution, training, and project progress into hard indicators for fund disbursement, requiring project units to submit detailed records for verification [5] - In 2024, the labor remuneration payment rate for projects reached 100%, with a strict three-level verification system in place to ensure quality, fund usage, and benefits to the public [5] - These measures have positioned the work-for-relief projects as a key driver for upgrading rural infrastructure and promoting local employment, supporting the consolidation of poverty alleviation achievements and advancing rural revitalization [5]

Core Viewpoint - The bond market experienced significant fluctuations in July, influenced by various factors including stock market performance, liquidity conditions, and economic data releases [3][4][5]. Economic Data - In the first half of 2023, China's GDP reached 660,536 billion yuan, with a year-on-year growth of 5.3%. The first quarter grew by 5.4%, while the second quarter saw a growth of 5.2% [3]. - The industrial added value in June increased by 6.8% year-on-year, surpassing the expected 5.5% [3]. - Fixed asset investment in the first half of the year totaled 248,654 billion yuan, with a year-on-year growth of 2.8%, while private fixed asset investment declined by 0.6% [3]. - Retail sales in June amounted to 42,287 billion yuan, reflecting a year-on-year growth of 4.8% [3]. Policy Developments - The political bureau meeting did not introduce new economic stimulus policies, focusing instead on implementing existing policies [4]. - The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology announced plans to stabilize growth in ten key industries, including steel and non-ferrous metals [4]. - The recent establishment of the Yarlung Tsangpo River hydropower project, with an investment of approximately 1.2 trillion yuan, raised concerns about its impact on the economy and potential new infrastructure policies [4]. Market Conditions - The bond market saw a general upward trend in yields, with the 10Y government bond yield rising by 10 basis points to 1.75% during July [3]. - The central bank maintained a supportive stance on liquidity, with the funding rates decreasing initially but tightening towards the middle of the month due to tax periods [5]. - The yield curve for government bonds showed an increase, with the 10Y yield rising by 5.75 basis points to 1.7044% by the end of July [7]. International Relations - The postponement of US-China tariff negotiations and the easing of export restrictions from the US on certain products to China were seen as positive developments for bilateral trade relations [6][7]. - The third round of US-China economic talks resulted in an agreement to extend certain tariffs for an additional 90 days, aligning with market expectations [7].