体重指数（BMI）：体重指数是通过将体重（公斤）除以身高（米）的平方得出的数字，是目前国 际上常用的衡量人体胖瘦程度以及是否健康的标准。正常的体重指数范围因地区和人群而异，但一般来 说，成人的正常范围是18.5到23.9。体重指数低于18.5可能表示体重过轻，而高于23.9可能表示超重或肥 胖。需要注意的是，BMI并不适用于所有人，例如运动员、孕妇或老年人等，而且由于不是直接测量身 体成分，所以不能区分脂肪量和瘦体重。 人民网北京9月4日电 （记者乔业琼）据甘肃疾控微信公众号消息，衡量体重是否健康，不能仅使 用体重指数这一个指标，体重指数正常的人群，体脂率不一定正常；体重指数和体脂率都正常的人群， 腰围不一定达标。因此，要科学认识体重，必须从体重指数、体脂率和腰围三个方面综合判断。 体脂率：体脂率是指人体内脂肪重量在人体总体重中所占的比例，又称体脂百分数，反映人体内脂 肪含量的多少。正常成年人的体脂率分别是男性15%到18%和女性25%到28%。体脂率应保持在正常范 围。若体脂率过高，体重超过正常值的20%以上就可视为肥胖。有一部分人，体重指数正常，但体脂率 却高于正常值，称之为"隐形肥胖"；体重指数相同的人 ...

Core Insights - The rising obesity rate among preschool children in China has become a significant public health issue, with projections indicating that by 2030, the overweight and obesity rate could reach 31.8% if not effectively addressed [1] - The average body fat percentage (BF%) among preschool children in China is 20.7%, with girls having a higher average (22.1%) compared to boys (19.2%) [3][4] - There are notable geographical and gender disparities in body fat percentage among preschool children, with urban children showing higher rates than rural counterparts [4][5] Group 1: Obesity Trends and Projections - The National Health Commission warns that without intervention, the obesity rate among children could reach 31.8% by 2030 [1] - The prevalence of overweight and obesity among preschool children has surpassed 10%, currently at 10.4% [1] Group 2: Body Fat Percentage Insights - Body fat percentage is a more accurate measure of obesity compared to BMI, particularly in predicting cardiovascular and metabolic risks [3] - The study found that there is no significant positive correlation between age and body fat percentage in the 3-6 age group [3] Group 3: Geographical Disparities - The highest body fat rates among preschool children are found in Heilongjiang (23.3%), Liaoning (23.0%), and Xinjiang (22.5%), while the lowest are in Hainan (18.4%), Guangdong (18.4%), and Guangxi (17.9%) [5] - A geographical pattern shows higher body fat rates in northern regions compared to southern regions, with significant differences observed along the Qinling-Huaihe line [4][5] Group 4: Environmental and Social Factors - Environmental factors, such as temperature and urban living conditions, contribute to the observed geographical differences in body fat percentage [5] - The study emphasizes the importance of recognizing the complex interplay of social and environmental factors in determining body fat levels among preschool children [5]

Core Insights - The article emphasizes the urgent need for weight management in China, highlighting that if not effectively addressed, the obesity rates among adults and children could reach 70.5% and 31.8% respectively by 2030 [1] Group 1: Obesity and Health Risks - Obesity is defined as excessive fat accumulation that negatively impacts health, with a Body Mass Index (BMI) over 28 indicating obesity [2] - Central obesity, indicated by waist circumference (≥90 cm for men and ≥85 cm for women), is more closely associated with metabolic disorders and health risks than BMI alone [2][5] - Obesity can lead to various diseases, including metabolic disorders, cardiovascular diseases, and psychological issues, necessitating a comprehensive approach to weight management [3] Group 2: Weight Management Strategies - A systematic assessment is recommended for obesity patients, including investigations into causes, physical examinations, and screening for related diseases [3] - Patients should receive guidance on nutrition, exercise, and psychological support as part of their weight management plan [3] - The target for weight loss is individualized, with a recommendation of a 5%-15% reduction in weight over 3-6 months, followed by maintenance [3] Group 3: Assessment Methods - The most common method for assessing obesity is BMI, with a normal range of 18.5-23.9, overweight at 24-27.9, and obesity at 28 or above [4] - Waist circumference and waist-to-hip ratio are also important metrics for assessing central obesity, which poses greater health risks [5] - Advanced methods like body composition analysis and imaging techniques can provide more precise assessments of fat distribution [6] Group 4: Lifestyle and Behavioral Changes - For individuals who are overweight but not obese, a combination of aerobic and resistance training is recommended, with a focus on moderate-intensity activities [7] - Daily physical activity, such as walking 8000-10000 steps, should be integrated into routines, along with resistance training [7] - Effective weight management requires lifestyle adjustments, including dietary changes and improved sleep quality, to regulate appetite and metabolism [10][11]