图 别策略。人民网记者 张若涵摄 浙江丽水 市航拍。资料图片 本期主讲人：国家数据发展研究院院长 胡坚波 数据作为数字经济时代的关键生产要素，其价值释放具有非消耗性、可叠加性、倍增效应的鲜明特征， 但也面临权属界定模糊、流通规则缺失等关键障碍。数据基础制度通过对数据要素生产关系的系统性调 整，核心作用在于破解"数据不愿供、流不动、用不好"等制度障碍，为数据要素从"资源"向"资产""资 本"转化提供明确规则指引和稳定市场预期。制度建设不仅能降低数据交易成本、提升要素配置效率， 推动数据与劳动、资本、技术等传统要素深度融合，更能激发各类主体参与数据生产、加工、应用的积 极性，实现数据价值的多维度、全链条释放，为数字经济高质量发展注入不竭动力，是构筑国家数字竞 争新优势的基础性保障。 通过数据产权制度"定分止争"，为价值释放筑牢基石。数据要素的权属及其确立规则的不清晰，一直以 来是影响数据要素流通交易的制约因素。数据承载了个人、企业、社会、国家等多元主体的不同利益诉 求，具有多方共生、非消耗性、非竞争性、报酬递增等特点，难以利用已有权利体系进行数据产权界 定。"数据二十条"以满足数据要素流通使用需求为出发点，以保护 ...

Core Viewpoint - The data factor market is characterized by both "policy system improvement" and "local practice implementation" as it enters 2026, which is designated as the "year of data factor value release" [1] Group 1: Policy and Market Developments - Multiple policy documents focusing on the value extraction of data factors have been issued this year, with local practices advancing simultaneously, such as Shanxi's implementation plan for digital economy development and Jiangsu's completion of the first national "embodied intelligent data set" transaction [1] - The public data products, such as meteorological and statistical analysis data, are expected to mature quickly due to compliance advantages, while financial and healthcare data products will also rapidly form under market incentives [1][4] Group 2: Value Realization of Data Factors - The realization of data factor value relies on both public and enterprise data, with significant potential for value release entering an accelerated phase, supported by the gradual implementation of data infrastructure in 2025 [3] - In 2025, the National Data Bureau published 100 key public data demonstration scenarios covering various industries, leading to effective applications in areas like healthcare and logistics [3] Group 3: Challenges in Data Value Release - The market faces multiple collaborative obstacles that hinder the full release of data value, stemming from a lack of coordinated governance and clear responsibilities among various departments [7] - Issues such as unclear data rights and profit distribution responsibilities in cross-regional data circulation, as well as inconsistent safety standards between industries, impede data sharing [7] Group 4: Future Directions and Recommendations - To facilitate the smooth release of data factor value, addressing collaborative obstacles is crucial, focusing on unifying rules and responsibilities [10] - The establishment of a unified national data market with standardized trading rules and registration systems is essential for transforming data into marketable products [11] - The integration of data infrastructure with artificial intelligence is expected to provide technical solutions for embedding data into business processes effectively [12]

Core Insights - The data factor market in 2026 is characterized by both "improved policy systems" and "local practical implementation" [1] - The year 2026 is designated as the "year of data factor value release," with expectations for rapid development in public and enterprise data products [2] Policy Developments - Multiple documents related to the value extraction of data factors have been released, including guidelines for promoting high-quality data industry development and strengthening data technology innovation [1] - The national data bureau has published 100 key public data demonstration scenarios covering various sectors, including smart agriculture and healthcare, which have shown effective results [2] Market Dynamics - The value of data factors is expected to accelerate, driven by both public and enterprise data, entering a phase of rapid release [2] - In 2025, significant progress was made in the construction of data infrastructure, with over 30 policies introduced to enhance resource registration and operational norms [4] Industry Applications - Public data products, such as weather warning services and macroeconomic statistical visualization, are anticipated to achieve large-scale supply [3] - The industrial internet data products are being shared within supply chains, enhancing data value circulation and efficiency [3] Challenges in Value Release - The market faces multiple coordination obstacles that hinder the full release of data value, stemming from unclear responsibilities and fragmented rules [4][5] - There is a lack of clarity in data rights and revenue distribution, particularly in cross-regional and cross-industry applications [5] Future Outlook - The establishment of a unified national data market is crucial for overcoming coordination issues, with a focus on creating standardized trading rules and registration systems [6] - The integration of data infrastructure with artificial intelligence is expected to provide technical solutions for embedding data into business processes [7] Measurement and Evaluation - The need for quantifiable standards to assess data value is emphasized, with suggestions for focusing on market value generated by data products [8] - The data factor market in China is projected to reach a scale of 204.29 billion yuan by 2025 and exceed 300 billion yuan by 2028, driven by institutional and technological advancements [8]

Core Insights - China's data technology development has entered a new phase of systematic layout and collaborative promotion, with efforts to cultivate various data circulation service institutions and accelerate the construction of an open, shared, and secure national integrated data market [1][5] Group 1: Data Market Development - The marketization and efficient utilization of data are core paths to activate the multiplier effect of the digital economy, with data exchanges playing a crucial role in connecting data supply and demand [2] - The National Data Bureau has categorized data circulation service institutions into three types, marking a new stage in the construction of the data factor market [2][3] - Data exchanges are essential components of the national integrated data market, and their future development should focus on "three deep integrations" to clarify their functional positioning and innovation direction [2][6] Group 2: Types of Data Circulation Service Institutions - Data circulation service institutions are evolving, with a need to include platform enterprises and data merchants in the research scope beyond just data exchanges [3] - Data exchanges are exploring the establishment of a full-chain service system for data circulation transactions, but their current role and transaction scale are still limited [3] - Industry data integration and utilization models are being accelerated by data circulation service platform enterprises, which focus on value co-creation through data sharing and exchange [4] Group 3: Role of Data Merchants - Data merchants, as key players in data production and operation, are actively gathering data resources and developing data governance and trading practices [5] - They are innovating in exploring new data circulation transaction models, such as high-quality data sets and data-as-a-service models [5] Group 4: Policy Recommendations for Data Exchanges - Data exchanges should deeply integrate with the development of the real economy, assisting enterprises in data utilization and assetization [7][8] - They should also support public data transactions by providing compliance review and valuation services [8][9] - The construction of data circulation infrastructure is crucial for enhancing the efficiency of data market operations [10][11] Group 5: Innovation and Regulation - Safety, regulation, and innovation are essential for the sustainable development of the data market, with data exchanges needing to establish norms and promote innovative practices [11][12] - A systematic policy framework is necessary to support the long-term development of data exchanges, focusing on capability building and ecosystem cultivation [13][14]

Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the articles highlights the dual characteristics of "policy system improvement" and "local practice implementation" in the data factor market at the beginning of the year, with a clear national directive aiming for the "release of data factor value" by 2026 [1] - Multiple policy documents focusing on the value extraction of data factors have been issued, and local practices are advancing, such as the implementation plan for the comprehensive development of the digital economy in Shanxi and the first national transaction of "embodied intelligent data sets" in Jiangsu [1] - Experts predict that public data products, particularly in meteorology and statistical analysis, will mature rapidly due to compliance advantages, while data products in finance and healthcare will also form quickly under market-driven forces [1][2] Group 2 - The value of data factors is expected to accelerate, with public and enterprise data serving as the two main carriers, entering a phase of rapid value release, which is crucial for market transformation by 2026 [2] - By 2025, China's data infrastructure construction will enter a practical phase, achieving breakthroughs in resource registration, operational authorization, and pricing mechanisms [2] - Public data applications have already demonstrated effectiveness in various sectors, including smart agriculture and healthcare, with applications like precise medical insurance services and seamless entry to scenic spots [2] Group 3 - The analysis indicates that public data products not involving personal privacy are likely to achieve large-scale supply first, while commercially valuable data products in financial risk assessment and clinical diagnosis will accelerate their market entry [3] - Industrial internet data products are being developed through trusted data spaces established by leading enterprises, facilitating value sharing and circulation within the industry chain [3] Group 4 - The current market faces multiple collaborative obstacles that hinder the full release of data factor value, stemming from a lack of coordinated governance and resulting in fragmented rules and unclear responsibilities [4] - The existing management structure, with multiple departments overseeing data resources, complicates unified resource allocation and rule formulation [4] - Issues such as "products without demand" highlight the need for a vibrant data factor market, where demand is essential for realizing data value [4] Group 5 - To facilitate the smooth release of data factor value, addressing collaborative obstacles is crucial, focusing on resolving issues of coordination, fragmented rules, and unclear responsibilities [5] Group 6 - The national data work conference emphasizes accelerating the cultivation of a unified national data market, enhancing top-level design to promote cross-regional and cross-industry rule interoperability [6] - The focus of policies will shift from "establishing rules" to "implementing and promoting collaboration" as 2026 approaches, with a unified transaction rule and registration system expected to transform data holders' perspectives from "cost centers" to "profit centers" [6] Group 7 - Establishing standards for measuring data value is essential for the long-term development of the market, with a focus on quantifying data circulation and transaction scale [7] - The future assessment system should measure the actual benefits of data in digital transformation and its contribution to the core industries of the digital economy [7] - The data factor market in China is projected to exceed 200 billion yuan by 2025 and is expected to surpass 300 billion yuan by 2028, driven by institutional and technological advancements [7]

Group 1 - The National Data Bureau is working on establishing a data property registration system to enhance data circulation and unlock the value of data elements [2][4] - A meeting was held to discuss the data property registration system, with participation from various stakeholders including representatives from academia and industry [2][3] - The National Data Bureau aims to leverage experiences from other registration systems and gather public opinions to innovate a registration system suited to data characteristics [2][4] Group 2 - The National Data Bureau has outlined key tasks for 2026, focusing on creating a unified national data market and promoting the integration of data technology and industry innovation [4][6] - Plans include establishing a national unified data property registration system and enhancing data infrastructure and operational capabilities [4][6] - The Bureau emphasizes the importance of high-quality data set construction to empower artificial intelligence development, with a goal to produce benchmark data sets by the end of next year [5][6]

Core Insights - The article emphasizes that 2026 is designated as the "Year of Data Element Value Release," marking a significant transition in China's data element market reform from foundational institutional development to a phase focused on value creation and validation [1][3] Group 1: Data Element Value Release - The release of data element value has been a consistent theme since the concept was introduced, with the current moment representing a critical transition from quantitative to qualitative change [3] - The national data work conference has set the stage for the large-scale release of data element value, indicating that prior efforts have reached a level conducive to significant transformation [3][4] - Key policies and initiatives, such as the development of public data resources and the establishment of data trading platforms, have laid the groundwork for this transformation [3][4] Group 2: National Integrated Data Market - The establishment of a national integrated data market is seen as essential for overcoming challenges related to the release of data element value, facilitating seamless data flow across regions and industries [6][7] - Key infrastructure for this market includes a nationwide interconnected data platform, a unified standard system, and operational norms to encourage the development of data products [7][8] - The integrated market aims to enhance the efficiency of data resource allocation, enabling data merchants to create more valuable data products and services [7][8] Group 3: Key Indicators for Success - The success of the "Year of Data Element Value Release" and the national integrated data market will be measured against eight key tasks outlined by the national data work conference [4] - There is a need for standardized definitions and metrics to assess the market value generated by data products, focusing on cash flow and other financial indicators [4] Group 4: Transition from Data Resources to Standardized Products - Public data holders, primarily government entities, are encouraged to share and open data responsibly, with performance-driven incentives to enhance data accessibility [10] - Large enterprises are urged to adopt market-driven approaches to release data, including monetizing data products and ensuring data privacy through innovative usage methods [10][11] - The first data products expected to mature and scale include analytical data products and those driven by market demand, particularly in finance and healthcare [11] Group 5: AI and Data Value Standards - The integration of data with AI is crucial for enhancing the performance of AI models, with high-quality datasets becoming essential for effective applications [12][13] - The development of AI will reshape data value standards, emphasizing application-driven assessments rather than traditional metrics [12][13] - The transition from project-based development to subscription-based data services is anticipated, driven by the need for continuous data application and service delivery [14][15]

Core Viewpoint - The designation of 2026 as the "Year of Data Factor Value Release" marks a significant shift in China's data factor market reform, transitioning from foundational institutional development to a focus on value creation and verification [1][3]. Group 1: Data Factor Value Release - The release of data factor value has been a consistent theme since the concept was introduced, indicating that data must be integrated into production and circulation processes to unlock its value [3]. - The national data work conference's designation of 2026 as the year for value release signifies that prior efforts have reached a critical point for qualitative change [3][4]. - Policies implemented since late 2024, including those on public data resource utilization and data infrastructure, have laid the groundwork for this transition [3]. Group 2: National Integrated Data Market - The establishment of a national integrated data market is essential for overcoming challenges related to data factor value release, aiming to eliminate barriers to data circulation across regions and industries [7][8]. - Key infrastructure for this market includes a nationwide interconnected data platform, a unified data standard system, and operational norms for data interoperability [7][8]. - The "Five Unifications and One Openness" framework is considered foundational for building this integrated market, focusing on unified data property rights, circulation, trading, security, and governance [8][9]. Group 3: Data Product Development - The transition from "data resources" to "standardized data products" is crucial for public data holders, particularly government departments, which must be driven by accountability and performance metrics [11]. - Large enterprises with abundant data resources should adopt market-driven principles to encourage the release of data through paid usage and the development of metadata for better accessibility [11][12]. - The expected first wave of mature data products includes analytical data products and those driven by strong market incentives, such as in finance and healthcare [12]. Group 4: AI and Data Value - The integration of data with AI is essential for enhancing the quality and compliance of data used in AI models, which in turn influences the standards for measuring data value [13][14]. - AI's role in reshaping data value standards includes providing new measurement possibilities beyond traditional metrics, allowing for a more nuanced understanding of data's worth [14]. - The evolution of data products towards intelligent applications (Data Product 2.0) is anticipated, driven by the need for high-quality data to support AI applications [14][16]. Group 5: Business Model Transformation - The data industry's business model is shifting from project-based development to recurring data services, emphasizing the importance of data application in realizing value [15][16]. - This transformation is supported by the convergence of data and AI infrastructure, enabling rapid development of data products tailored to specific application needs [16]. - The core activities of the data industry will revolve around the elements of data, data platforms, data products, and data applications, fostering a diverse range of data applications and significantly enhancing data value [16].

Core Viewpoint - The national data work conference held from December 29 to 30 emphasizes 2026 as the "Year of Data Factor Value Release," focusing on enhancing data flow and resource allocation to better integrate data factors into economic value creation and support social development [1][2]. Group 1: Key Initiatives - High-quality implementation of the Digital China construction plan, emphasizing market-oriented data factor allocation reform and tailored planning [1]. - Accelerating the cultivation of an open, shared, and secure national integrated data market, enhancing top-level design and market governance [1]. - Promoting deep integration of data technology innovation and industrial innovation to foster the development of digital industry clusters [1]. Group 2: Application and Infrastructure - Deepening data fusion applications and scenario construction, driving demand-led initiatives, and enhancing the efficiency of state-owned enterprises through data [1]. - Advancing data infrastructure construction and operation, focusing on large-scale deployment and integrated development of data infrastructure [2]. - Continuously improving data foundational systems, implementing data property rights, and enhancing policy coordination and legal standards [2]. Group 3: AI and International Cooperation - Strengthening data empowerment for artificial intelligence development through various specialized actions aimed at enhancing quality and efficiency [2]. - Coordinating and deepening international cooperation in the data field to support diplomatic efforts and participate in international rule-making [2].

据国家数据局消息，12月29日至30日，全国数据工作会议在京召开。国家发展改革委党组书记、主任郑 栅洁出席会议并讲话。国家发展改革委党组成员、国家数据局局长刘烈宏作工作报告。郑栅洁指出， 2026年要准确把握数据工作新形势新要求，紧紧抓住发展机遇，锚定数字中国建设目标任务，扎实推动 数据事业高质量发展。必须充分挖掘数字经济潜能，促进数字科技和服务创新，优化数字消费软硬件环 境，培育壮大数据产业。必须坚持政策支持和改革创新并举，注重规划引领，健全完善数据领域法规制 度体系，加快培育开放共享安全的全国一体化数据市场。必须坚持投资于物和投资于人紧密结合，多措 并举激发投资活力，加快数字人才培养。必须做到既"放得活"又"管得好"，统筹数据领域高质量发展和 高水平安全。必须以苦练内功来应对外部挑战，塑造于我有利的数据发展外部环境。 ...