【环球时报-环球网 报道 记者 樊巍】10月24日，由大连海事大学智库专家团队编制的《南海航运安全 与发展报告（2025年）》（以下简称《报告》）正式公开发布。该报告作为全球首个基于大数据方法系 统分析南海"港口、航线与货物"航运三要素的综合性研究成果，首次以客观、完整的数据揭示了南海航 运体系的真实运行状况，深入分析了南海航运对全球贸易、能源稳定的重要作用，阐述了南海在全球贸 易与区域合作中的战略意义。相关专家向《环球时报》记者表示，该报告用客观事实有力地批驳了所谓 的南海航行自由受到威胁之类的舆论炒作。同时，再次证明了中国是南海和平稳定的维护者和贡献者。 一.南海年船舶通航量远超其他航运区 南海水域面积约350万平方公里，连接太平洋与印度洋，南海作为全球战略水道，其航运态势监测研究 具有深刻的现实紧迫性与战略价值。据了解，《报告》聚焦在港口、船舶和重要战略物资三个方面，主 要基于AIS数据对南海港口及水域的船舶活动进行系统性监测与分析。 《报告》显示，南海承载着全球40%船舶挂靠量，是34%的液化天然气和40%原油海运的必经通道。 2024年数据显示，南海年船舶通航量远超地中海、加勒比海等传统航运区，不仅 ...

Core Viewpoint - Chinese buyers have secured approximately 8 million tons of soybeans for September and 4 million tons for October, totaling 12 million tons, all sourced from South America, with no share from the U.S. [1] - The traditional "golden window" for U.S. soybean exports from September to January is unusually quiet this year, with U.S. exporters having sold only about 3 million tons by the end of July, marking a 20-year low [1][3]. Group 1 - The first layer of impact from China not purchasing U.S. soybeans is a disruption in pricing, leading to deeper discounts and financial strain on farmers who must choose between selling at lower prices or holding onto inventory [3]. - The second layer involves a disruption in the supply chain, affecting transportation and storage, which can lead to increased costs and inefficiencies throughout the agricultural export system [3]. - The third layer is political repercussions, particularly in agricultural states that are crucial for U.S. political dynamics, where reduced soybean exports could harm local incomes and lead to calls for policy changes [4]. Group 2 - The U.S. agricultural sector is facing a structural issue where high tariffs and political rhetoric are counterproductive, leading to a reliance on subsidies that do not address the underlying market access problems [4][5]. - The current environment prioritizes low-noise trading, with buyers diversifying their sources to mitigate risks, indicating a shift in how global supply chains are managed [7]. - China's strategy of securing soybean contracts from South America is seen as optimizing its asset-liability balance, focusing on cost, risk, and supply stability [8]. Group 3 - The U.S. has been using trade as a political tool, which may yield short-term benefits but risks long-term damage to its agricultural sector as buyers seek to diversify their supply sources [10]. - The competitive advantage of South America in this context is attributed to years of infrastructure development and the ability to provide stable supply chains, contrasting with the U.S.'s current challenges [10].

Core Points - The European Parliament has informally passed a motion emphasizing the need for the EU to identify and strengthen its key advantages in critical goods and technologies relative to China, expressing concerns over China's export licensing requirements for sensitive data [1] - The motion highlights that China's export licensing system for rare earth elements is politically motivated and poses a threat to the supply chains of EU companies, given that China accounts for approximately 60% of global rare earth mining and over 90% of rare earth permanent magnet production [1] Group 1 - The European Parliament calls for the EU Commission and member states to accelerate the implementation of the Critical Raw Materials Act (CRMA) to achieve domestic production and diversification of rare earths by 2030 [3] - The Parliament urges strengthening cooperation with non-Chinese resource countries in the rare earth sector, establishing sustainable partnerships based on human rights and environmental standards [3] - A strategic stockpiling plan is recommended to maintain industrial security, similar to oil and gas reserve mechanisms [3] Group 2 - The motion indicates a significant shift in the EU's approach to global supply chain security and strategic resource autonomy, framing it as a security policy rather than merely an industrial issue [3] - The EU aims to enhance domestic refining of rare earths to at least 40%, achieve a recycling rate of 25%, and a self-sufficiency rate of 10% by 2030 through the CRMA and green project investments [3] - China's Ministry of Foreign Affairs asserts that rare earths are dual-use materials and that the export licensing aligns with international norms, emphasizing that it will not affect normal supply to Europe [4] Group 3 - Potential trade tensions may escalate if China maintains its export licensing in the short term, with the EU possibly initiating reciprocal measures or engaging in dialogue through the World Trade Organization (WTO) [5] - The European Parliament's strong stance against China's rare earth export restrictions indicates a strategic preparation involving legal, reserve, and cooperative measures [5] - Upcoming key events, such as the EU-China summit, may determine the future cooperation or confrontation regarding rare earth issues [5]