Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the recent trade agreement between the EU and the US, highlighting the implications for global trade dynamics, particularly concerning China and the potential shift away from the WTO framework [1][3][5]. Group 1: Trade Agreement Details - The EU and the US reached a trade agreement where the US will impose a 15% tariff on EU goods, while the EU commits to investing $600 billion in the US and purchasing $750 billion in energy products [3][5]. - Ursula von der Leyen, the President of the European Commission, indicated that the 15% tariff was the best outcome achievable for Europe [3][5]. Group 2: Implications for Global Trade - The agreement signifies a shift towards a "might makes right" approach in global trade, potentially undermining the WTO's authority and allowing the US to set unilateral trade policies [5][7]. - The alignment of major economies like the EU, Japan, and Southeast Asian countries with US trade policies could lead to a reconfiguration of global supply chains and technology systems, posing risks for China [7][9]. Group 3: Economic Impact and Future Outlook - The article suggests that while the trade agreements may reduce trade deficits and benefit the military-industrial complex and energy sectors in the US, they may not significantly boost high-end manufacturing jobs [9][11]. - The long-term sustainability of these trade agreements is questioned, as they may not effectively address the underlying issues of trade deficits and the dollar's role in global trade [11].

经过三个月的多轮讨价还价和调整，如今这些贸易协议已经初现端倪。 自4月初特朗普公布对全球多国实施对等关税以来，全球贸易体系便进入了一个动荡和重构的阶段，在多次延期后，白宫最终公布了重新调整后的对69个国 家的"对等关税"税率，并明确表示于8月7日批量生效。 回顾今年4月初，对等关税的计算方式，是根据各国对美国的贸易逆差程度来决定的。在经过三个多月的谈判和调整后，新一轮的关税调整方案也浮出水 面。 根据白宫在7月31日发布的行政令，各个国家被分为三个部分，行政令附件中未被列明的经济体，则统一适用10%的税率。 其中被列明的国家则分为两类：一类是已经和美国达成贸易协议，或对美国有小额商品逆差的经济体，这类国家的税率为15%，其中比较有代表性的是欧 盟、日本、韩国、以色列、约旦等等，占比较大。 第二类则是那些没有与美国达成贸易协议，且对美国有大规模贸易逆差的国家，这些国家会面临更高的税率，最高的国家是印度和叙利亚，税率分别是50% 和41%，老挝和缅甸为40%。 在亚洲经济体中，越南被征收20%的关税；柬埔寨、印度尼西亚、马来西亚、巴基斯坦、菲律宾、泰国等国家则面临19%的关税。整体来看，东南亚国家目 前面临的关税 ...