● 本报记者 杨洁 王婧涵 安妮 从此前在上海召开的2025世界人工智能大会，到正在北京召开的2025世界机器人大会，宇树科技无疑都 是会场的顶流所在，其展台摩肩接踵、人头攒动。宇树科技CEO王兴兴更是媒体瞩目的焦点，他在发表 主旨演讲后接受了多家媒体采访，不仅回忆了宇树科技从零到一的创业历史，同时也指出，当前具身智 能模型还没有达到阶段性突破的临界点，而这正是阻碍人形机器人进一步规模化应用的关键问题。 从2016年成立至今，九年历程，宇树科技一步一个脚印，目前其高性能四足机器人和人形机器人均取得 不少成绩，很多技术指标在全球处领先水平。同时，宇树科技已经开启上市辅导。在回答关于宇树科技 筹备上市的问题时，王兴兴表示："公司成立9年了，正在推动上市流程，某种意义上，我们一直把公司 发展当作是一个学习、成长的过程，上市可以看作是'高考'，是企业迈向更成熟的管理、更成熟的运营 的阶段性事情，也是对我们过去9年时间的一个交代，对股东的一个交代。" 人工智能助推研发 如今，人形机器人行业呈现高速增长的蓬勃态势。王兴兴在主旨演讲中提到，2025年上半年，整个人形 机器人行业非常火爆，加上政策的支持，行业整机厂商及零部件 ...

科创板日报 . 科创圈都在关注的新型主流媒体，上海报业集团主管主办，界面财联社出品。 " 未来几年，全行业人形机器人出货量每年翻一番的节奏是可以保证的，如果有更大的技术突破，可能未来2-3年，突然一年出货几十万台，甚 至上百万台也有可能 。" 在2025世界机器人大会上，宇树科技创始人王兴兴在接受财联社等媒体采访时表示。 而摩根士丹利的最新报告预测，到2050年，全球"类人机器人市场"的价值将超过5万亿美元，这些机器人的数量可能会接近10亿，并在本世纪 30年代末加速采用。报告称，绝大多数类人机器人将用于工业和商业目的。 不过，当前如何让机器人不只是停留在娱乐表演层面，真正走进工厂、家庭等，仍是整个行业所面临的问题。王兴兴也在演讲和采访中反复强 调，其核心目标始终是让机器人去干活，解放生产力。"AI团队的大部分人都在研究这个，我们的愿景比较大，希望能实现的是通用型的AI。" 在王兴兴看来，人形机器人难以更进一步迭代的核心原因，并不在于缺乏数据，而是机器人大模型的水平不足。 " 现阶段的机器人大模型还是 不够用，仅类似于ChatGPT发布前1-3年左右的水平。 " 在本届大会上，不少业内人士都提及了机器人因数据 ...

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the current state and future potential of humanoid robots, particularly focusing on Tesla's efforts in this field, highlighting both the technological challenges and market expectations surrounding humanoid robots [2][3][4]. Group 1: Market Dynamics - Since Tesla showcased its humanoid robot in October 2022, the A-share robot concept sector has surged by 93%, while the Shanghai and Shenzhen 300 Index only increased by about 1% [2]. - Global investors and suppliers have invested over 100 billion yuan in humanoid robots since Tesla's announcement, indicating strong market interest and speculation [3]. - The global humanoid robot industry is expected to ship nearly 20,000 units this year, which is comparable to the weekly production of Rolex watches [4]. Group 2: Technological Challenges - Humanoid robots currently rely on approximately 30 actuators to perform movements, which is significantly less complex than the human body that utilizes over 600 muscles [7]. - The use of planetary roller screws in Tesla's robots allows for greater load capacity and precision, essential for humanoid functionality [12]. - The current humanoid robots cannot walk quietly, and many companies are exploring various solutions to improve their locomotion capabilities [15]. Group 3: Supply Chain and Production - Tesla has engaged hundreds of global suppliers to develop specific components for humanoid robots, with many companies realizing the unusual nature of these orders only after the robot's public debut [22][23]. - The supply chain for humanoid robots has evolved significantly, with companies like Sanhua Intelligent Control and Top Group benefiting from their partnerships with Tesla [23]. - The production of Tesla's humanoid robots is currently focused on specific tasks within the factory, such as moving battery packs, which raises questions about the broader application of these robots [46]. Group 4: Cost and Economic Viability - The estimated cost of Tesla's latest humanoid robot is around $60,000, which is significantly higher than the target of $20,000 to $30,000 set by Elon Musk [27]. - The operational cost of a humanoid robot is comparable to the salary of a human worker, making it economically challenging to replace human labor in many scenarios [46]. - The lifespan of critical components in humanoid robots is limited, leading to high maintenance costs that could offset initial savings from automation [31]. Group 5: Future Prospects - The humanoid robot industry is exploring AI and software solutions to enhance hardware capabilities, with hopes of achieving greater efficiency and functionality [32][39]. - Companies are investing in developing models that can learn and adapt to various tasks, similar to advancements seen in AI language models [38]. - Despite the optimism in the market, the practical applications of humanoid robots remain limited, with many companies still facing significant technological hurdles [45].

晚一点，好一点 以下文章来源于晚点LatePost ，作者晚点团队 晚点LatePost . 作者 | 李梓楠 来源 | 晚点LatePost 导语 ：重新发明了汽车，但还没造出可用的轮子。 今年 4 月中旬，特斯拉采购团队来到宁波一家供应商的厂区，做人形机器人量产前的最后一次审厂。门口一辆车上，盯梢的人对上了车 牌，拍下照片发给 "上线"："特斯拉来审厂了。" 值得这么麻烦。第二个交易日，这家公司股价照例涨停。从特斯拉 2022 年 10 月第一次对外展示人形机器人至今，A 股机器人概念板块 涨了 93%，同期沪深 300 指数只上涨约 1%。 一周后，数千个组装完成的核心零部件在宁波装船，顶着高昂关税，发往美国加州弗里蒙特的特斯拉工厂。 这里没有一点万亿概念板块的样子。弗里蒙特工厂二楼的机器人制造专区，没有手臂和脑袋的机器人系着铁链，挂在架子上。工程师测试 完零件后，会把它们手工拼装成新款人形机器人。地面上散落着电线和塑料包装。 自特斯拉 2022 年亮相机器人后，全球的风险投资者、特斯拉及供应商已为此投入超过 1000 亿元。到目前为止，人形机器人的生产比劳 力士机械表还要手作。据我们了解，特斯拉下的零 ...

Core Viewpoint - Tesla is pioneering the humanoid robot industry, but significant challenges remain in achieving mass production and efficiency comparable to human labor [2][47]. Group 1: Market Dynamics - Tesla's humanoid robot project has led to a 93% increase in the A-share robotics sector since its announcement, while the broader market has only seen a 1% rise [3]. - Over 100 billion yuan has been invested by global venture capitalists and suppliers in humanoid robots since Tesla's initial showcase in October 2022 [3][4]. - The global humanoid robot industry is expected to ship nearly 20,000 units this year, which is only about the weekly production of Rolex watches [4]. Group 2: Production Challenges - Tesla's humanoid robot production is still in the early stages, with significant manual assembly required, and no robots have yet proven to effectively replace blue-collar workers [4][5]. - The production of Tesla's humanoid robots is labor-intensive, with engineers reportedly working 16-hour days to meet production demands [4][5]. - The first generation of Tesla's Optimus robot has transitioned from experimental to industrial production, marking a critical step in the supply chain [5]. Group 3: Technical Innovations - Tesla's humanoid robots utilize approximately 30 actuators to perform movements, a significant reduction compared to the complexity of human muscle coordination [6][10]. - The company has adopted a linear actuator design to enhance load-bearing capabilities, which is a departure from traditional rotary joints [10][13]. - Advanced components like planetary roller screws and RV reducers are critical for the robot's performance, with the screws alone costing over 4,000 yuan each [13][26]. Group 4: Supply Chain and Collaboration - Tesla has engaged hundreds of global suppliers to develop specific components for its humanoid robots, leading to a complete supply chain for the first time [21][24]. - Key suppliers like Sanhua Intelligent Control and Top Group have significantly benefited from their partnership with Tesla, growing into billion-dollar companies [23]. - The rapid iteration and high precision required for components have posed challenges for many suppliers, with some unable to keep pace with Tesla's demands [22][24]. Group 5: Economic Viability - The estimated cost of producing a Tesla humanoid robot is around $60,000, which is still far from the target of $20,000 to $30,000 [25][26]. - The economic feasibility of humanoid robots is questioned, as the cost of a single robot is equivalent to 15 months of salary for a local worker [45]. - Tesla's production goals have been adjusted, with the target for 1 million units pushed back to 2029, reflecting the complexities involved in humanoid robot manufacturing [47].