Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the increasing pressure on China's pension system due to demographic changes, including a declining young labor force and a rising number of retirees, leading to a potential imbalance in the labor market and pension funding [2][10]. Labor Market Dynamics - By 2040, there will be a significant decline in the young labor force, with millions fewer entering the job market each year due to the two-child policy initiated in 2017 [2]. - The annual exit of older workers from the labor market is projected to be between 27 million to 29 million, primarily from the baby boom generation born in 1962 and 1963 [2]. - The net difference between the number of workers exiting and entering the labor market is approximately 10 million annually, suggesting a supply-demand imbalance that could lead to wage increases [2]. Pension System Overview - In 2024, China's total pension expenditure is projected to exceed 7 trillion yuan, with 310 million individuals aged 60 and above, resulting in an aging rate of 22% [3]. - The average monthly pension for rural residents is approximately 246 yuan, while enterprise employees receive around 3,200 yuan, and civil servants receive about 7,256 yuan [3][4]. Pension Disparities - The pension system shows significant disparities, with rural retirees receiving an average of 1153.97 yuan, while civil servants receive around 3461.91 yuan [4]. - The article highlights that the pension system was established in 1991 for enterprises and in 2014 for civil servants, leading to unequal contributions and benefits [4][5]. Social Security Fund Dynamics - The social security fund's income has increased significantly, from 39.2 billion yuan in 2014 to an estimated 118.9 billion yuan in 2024, reflecting a 203% growth [9]. - The fund's expenditure has also risen, with a projected 106.1 billion yuan in 2024, marking a 215% increase since 2014 [9]. - The balance of the social security fund is sufficient to cover approximately 1 year and 3 months of expenditures, indicating a growing financial pressure on the system [9]. Future Projections - By 2034, the number of individuals aged 60 and above is expected to reach 420 million, with an annual increase of 12 million retirees, further straining the pension system [10]. - The article emphasizes the necessity of mandatory social security contributions to ensure the sustainability of the pension system amid rising life expectancy and demographic shifts [10].

以下文章来源于秦朔朋友圈 ，作者刘远举 秦朔朋友圈 . 秦朔朋友圈是由中国著名媒体人、财经观察家秦朔牵头创立的一个新媒体与专业服务品牌，包括微信公 众号、微博、视频节目、音频节目等。内容聚焦于经济、金融和商业领域，关注重点为全球和中国财经 商业热点、企业家精神、创新与发明创造、商业文明探索等。 现在中国人均寿命在不断提高，出生率低迷不振，老龄化问题日益严重，以至于实施延迟退休政策， 60岁以后也要工作，但与此同时，很多人过了35岁，却发现找工作很难。 国际上定义青年人是18～45周岁，35岁还是很年轻，正是工作经验丰富、稳定成熟的阶段。而且，他 们上有老下有小，承担着生活的压力，更愿意奋斗和付出。 但这个群体却在求职的时候被歧视！ 那么，问题到底出在哪里呢？为什么一边延迟退休，一边又有"35岁歧视"呢？ 01 延迟退休，首先当然因为养老金的问题。中国的养老金是现收现付支付制度，简单地说，是收了年轻 人的社保，然后转手给退休老人。 显然，这种方式是否可持续，就与缴费的人和领养老金的人的比例息息相关。 作者：刘远举 来源：秦朔朋友圈（ID： qspyq2015 ） 政府工作报告提出"促进充分就业、提高就业质量"" ...