在全球政治经济格局深度调整、新一轮科技革命与产业变革加速演进的关键期，未来五年，中国经济社会发展的战略方向与核心路径选择，不仅关乎国运 民生，更牵动世界目光。 面对复杂多变的国际环境、日益激烈的全球竞争以及高质量发展的内在要求，中国如何把握战略机遇、明确发展主线、破解结构性难题？近日，上海财经大学校长 刘元春接受证券时报记者独家专访，立足宏观战略视野，深入剖析了第四次技术与产业革命带来的范式变革、大国博弈的趋势变化以及我国内部结构转型的现实挑 战等重大议题，探讨多重挑战交织下实现高质量发展的破局之道与突围路径。 "十五五"期间 需把握三大核心主线 证券时报记者：目前，我国正处于"十五五"规划制定阶段。您认为未来五年，我国应着重解决经济领域的哪些核心问题？ 刘元春： "十五五"期间，有三个发展主线需要清晰把握。 第一个核心主线是以人工智能（AI）为代表的第四次技术与产业革命。 2022年11月，ChatGPT的发布标 志着第四次技术与产业革命的元年到来，已经从"展望"变成现实。目前，欧美、东亚等全球主要经济体均将AI列为未来5—10年的核心发展方向，比如美国前不久公 布了"AI行动计划"，将AI的发展定位为关乎 ...

Core Views - The article discusses the strategic direction and core pathways for China's economic and social development during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, emphasizing the need to address structural challenges and leverage opportunities in a complex global environment [1] Group 1: Three Core Development Lines - The first core line is the Fourth Industrial Revolution, represented by artificial intelligence (AI), which is seen as a key area for innovation and industrial enhancement in the next five years [2] - The second core line focuses on constructing a new development pattern around a new security framework, addressing the challenges posed by the restructuring of global economic systems and the competitive landscape [3] - The third core line involves internal structural transformation, which includes adjusting demand structures, optimizing industrial structures, and improving urban-rural structures [4] Group 2: Internal Structural Transformation - Internal structural transformation requires enhancing governance systems and capabilities, with a focus on government reform and modernizing fiscal and tax systems [6] - Expanding domestic demand is crucial, with an emphasis on increasing consumption through income distribution reforms and innovative consumption scenarios [6][7] - Addressing "involution" in industries like solar energy and electric vehicles is necessary to manage overcapacity and ensure sustainable competition [8][9] Group 3: Governance and Policy Recommendations - The governance of overcapacity should adopt differentiated strategies for traditional and emerging industries, allowing for appropriate monopolistic practices in innovative sectors [9] - The "anti-involution" movement has transitioned from a slogan to a government-led initiative, with regulatory measures being implemented to address market imbalances and promote fair competition [10]

Core Insights - The article discusses the strategic direction and core pathways for China's economic and social development over the next five years, emphasizing the importance of addressing structural challenges and seizing strategic opportunities in a changing global landscape [3][4]. Group 1: Key Development Lines - The first core line of development is centered around the fourth technological and industrial revolution, particularly artificial intelligence (AI), which is seen as a critical area for innovation and industrial enhancement [4][5]. - The second core line involves constructing a new development pattern based on a new security framework, addressing the challenges posed by the restructuring of global economic systems and the competitive landscape [5][6]. - The third core line focuses on internal structural transformation, which includes adjusting demand structures, optimizing industrial structures, and improving urban-rural structures to achieve fundamental breakthroughs [6][7]. Group 2: Internal Structural Transformation - Internal structural transformation requires enhancing governance systems and capabilities, with a focus on government reform to modernize governance frameworks [7][8]. - Expanding domestic demand is crucial, with an emphasis on increasing consumption through income distribution reforms and innovative consumption scenarios [8][9]. - Addressing overcapacity in strategic emerging industries is essential, with a need for differentiated strategies to manage traditional and new industries effectively [10][11]. Group 3: Anti-Involution Measures - The phenomenon of "involution" is linked to insufficient demand and overcapacity, necessitating both regulatory measures and supply-demand balance adjustments [12]. - The government has initiated "anti-involution" actions, transitioning from industry-led to government-led efforts to regulate market order and prevent excessive competition [12]. - Recent legal reforms, including amendments to the Anti-Monopoly Law, aim to establish fair competition and prevent practices that lead to market distortions [12].

Group 1 - The core strategic direction for China's economic and social development in the next five years includes three main lines: the AI-driven fourth technological and industrial revolution, the construction of a new development pattern around a new security framework, and the internal structural transformation [1][2][3] - The first main line focuses on AI as a pillar for innovation and high-end industrial upgrades, with policies expected to be introduced to support this [2] - The second main line emphasizes the need to adapt to a changing external environment due to major power competition and the restructuring of the global economic system [2] Group 2 - The third main line addresses internal structural transformation, which includes three tasks: adjusting demand structure, managing the relationship between emerging and traditional industries, and optimizing urban-rural structures [3][4] - The internal structural transformation requires a comprehensive enhancement of governance systems and capabilities, with government reform being central to this process [4][5] - Expanding domestic demand is crucial, with a focus on increasing consumption through income distribution reform and innovative consumption scenarios [4][5] Group 3 - The issue of "involution" in industries such as solar energy and electric vehicles is highlighted, with a need to address overcapacity and avoid excessive competition [6][7] - Differentiated strategies are necessary for managing overcapacity, with traditional industries requiring production cuts while allowing for some monopolistic practices in emerging industries to foster innovation [7][8] - The government's "anti-involution" actions have transitioned from a slogan to a structured implementation phase, with regulatory measures being introduced to adjust market order and promote fair competition [8]