AI播客：换个方式听新闻 下载mp3 音频由扣子空间生成 贝森特则借此机会，在论文和公开评论中详细阐述了他对美联储的制度性批评——实质上是为特朗普对利率政策的抱怨构建了一个政策框架。他仍口头上 强调美联储独立性的重要性，但随后明确表示，他对独立性的定义与普遍认知并不一致。 在近期一篇学术期刊论文中，贝森特指出，美联储已偏离其原有角色。在2007-2009年金融危机及2020年疫情期间，美联储发明了多种工具，极大地扩大 了其在经济中的作用，却缺乏足够的民主合法性和监督。 贝森特认为，这一点在美联储的资产负债表上体现得最为明显——11月初其规模已达6.6万亿美元。美联储将危机时期的资产购买计划重新定位为又一项 刺激政策工具，这让房主和股权持有者等资产所有者受益。 美联储的资产负债表在此前的危机时期膨胀 作为这一批评的一部分，贝森特写道，美联储一直高估财政刺激的效果，同时低估减税和放松监管对经济增长的作用。他表示，危机后及2010年《多德- 弗兰克法案》通过后，美联储的职责进一步扩展到金融监管领域，甚至涉及性别平等和气候等议题。 就像所有其他形式的机构信誉一样，央行独立性在华盛顿已不再流行。其主要支持者和捍卫者正逐 ...

Group 1 - The U.S. Treasury Secretary, Mnuchin, emphasized that the Trump administration's economic agenda, including tariffs, tax cuts, and deregulation, aims to strengthen the U.S. as a global capital destination [1] - Many corporate executives expressed concerns about the aggressive tariffs imposed by the U.S. government, which have led to companies pausing their investment plans [1] - Citigroup's CEO, Jane Fraser, noted that clients are preparing for difficult situations, with companies strengthening balance sheets and delaying business expenditures or investments [1] Group 2 - A Reuters poll indicated a high risk of global economic recession, with 92% of economists stating that the Trump administration's tariff policies have harmed business confidence [2] - The IMF's Managing Director, Georgieva, revised the global GDP growth forecast for FY2025 down from 3.3% to 2.8%, attributing this to the impact of U.S. tariffs [2] - Georgieva warned that the world is moving towards a period of increased shocks and volatility, with developed economies like the U.S. facing more inflation [2]