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“全职儿女”:是孝道,还是新型啃老?
Hu Xiu· 2025-10-10 02:31
本文来自微信公众号:青年探索杂志,作者:赵怀娟(安徽师范大学法学院教授、博士生导师),原文标题:《赵怀娟 |就业困境 中的"全职儿女":类型分化与成因分析》,题图来自:视觉中国 在社会竞争加剧叠加就业压力下,一部分青年选择了特殊的职业形式——"全职儿女",受到了社会的广泛关注,在各大网络平台上展 开了热烈的讨论。2022年12月,豆瓣成立了"全职儿女工作交流中心"的讨论小组(下文简称"豆瓣小组"),半年内就有4600多人加 入;在小红书上,关于"全职儿女"的笔记更是数以万计。如何看待这一群体,却存在争议。 作为一个新名词,"全职儿女"的出现并非无迹可寻。在国外,研究者将那些不在校读书、不就业或不接受培训的年轻人称为"尼特 族"(not in education,employment or training,即NEET),其最早出现于20世纪90年代的英国。除了"尼特族"外,还有"袋鼠族""赖巢 族"等群体符号指代那些已经成年却仍然跟父母同吃同住需要父母给予一定经济支持的子代。 在日本,这一群体也被称为"儿童房叔叔/阿姨""食草系""蛰居青年"等,被认为是"低欲望社会的代表"。目前,依赖于家庭的青年群体 的规模 ...
特朗普狠狠打脸!关税战“报应”全到自己身上,美国群众不答应了
Sou Hu Cai Jing· 2025-09-17 07:46
近段时间,许多美国普通民众都在感叹:生活怎么越来越艰难了? 虽然经济还没到崩溃的地步,但现实压力却与日俱增。求职时要和更多人竞争同一个岗位,超市购物时发现物价明显上涨,月底的信用卡账单总是超出预 算。这些日常生活中的烦恼堆积起来,难免让人心生不满。 究其根源,这些问题的源头可以追溯到特朗普政府发起的贸易战。如今美国的就业市场有多严峻?最新数据显示,今年8月全国仅新增2.2万个工作岗位。 要知道在正常时期,单月新增十万岗位都算平常事。现在这点岗位数量,连求职大军的零头都满足不了。 就业难的同时,生活成本也在攀升。7月份官方公布的消费者物价指数(CPI)同比上涨2.7%,看似涨幅不大,但民众在超市购物时明显感觉钱不值钱了。 日常食品如牛奶、面包的价格悄然上涨,进口商品的价格涨幅更为显著。 零售商们直言不讳地表示,这是由于关税提高导致进口成本增加,不得不将这部分成本转嫁给消费者。更令人担忧的是,调查显示消费者预计未来12个月 通胀率可能升至3.2%。在收入增长缓慢的情况下,许多人开始精打细算,连日常用品都要反复比价。 面对收入不增反降的困境,不少家庭只能依靠信用卡维持生活开支。 这导致美国信用卡债务创下历史新高,更 ...
当本科生开始“回炉”读大专
虎嗅APP· 2025-08-28 13:54
Core Viewpoint - The phenomenon of "upgrading from undergraduate to vocational school" reflects a growing trend where individuals with bachelor's degrees are returning to vocational education for better job prospects, indicating a disconnect between higher education and employment opportunities [4][10][15]. Group 1: Background and Context - The recent surge in interest around "upgrading from undergraduate to vocational school" is exemplified by Zhengzhou Railway Vocational and Technical College, which is now admitting undergraduate students into its technical programs [3][4]. - This trend is characterized as a form of "educational inversion," where individuals who have completed a four-year degree are opting to pursue vocational training instead [4][6]. Group 2: Employment Opportunities - The primary motivation for this trend is the perceived ease of finding employment through vocational education, particularly in industries that are experiencing labor shortages, such as manufacturing [10][12]. - Data from the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security indicates that 38.7% of job demand in 2021 was concentrated in the manufacturing sector, highlighting a significant gap between job availability and the qualifications of job seekers [12]. Group 3: Educational Institutions' Response - Vocational schools are adapting to the market by focusing on employability, often directly linking their programs to specific job opportunities, which contrasts with traditional universities that may not prioritize job placement [16][18]. - The survival of vocational institutions hinges on their ability to deliver tangible employment outcomes for students, thereby challenging the traditional prestige associated with higher education [17][18].
国内形成的5大趋势,暴露了当今人民群众的现状
Sou Hu Cai Jing· 2025-08-05 16:52
Economic Recovery and Consumer Behavior - The economy is slowly recovering post-pandemic, but global economic conditions remain challenging, leading to increased unemployment and a competitive job market [1][8] - There is a notable increase in savings, with central bank data indicating record high deposits, reflecting consumer uncertainty and a reluctance to spend [3][10] - Many individuals are lowering their consumption standards, impacting the performance of the real economy and leading to difficulties for businesses [3] Real Estate Market Dynamics - The real estate market is experiencing a downturn due to an oversupply of housing and a decrease in demand, particularly as the aging population shifts focus towards retirement [5][6] - The decline in housing prices may benefit younger individuals who previously faced high mortgage burdens, potentially improving marriage rates [6] Employment Challenges - Many small companies have struggled to survive, resulting in job losses and difficulties for recent graduates in finding suitable employment [8] - The competitive job market has led to a surge in interest in stable government jobs, with individuals even leaving private sector positions for public sector opportunities [8] Financial Market Sentiment - There is a growing preference for stability among consumers, leading to decreased interest in riskier financial products and a focus on bank savings [10] - The cooling of the financial market is indicative of broader economic challenges, necessitating careful government planning to ensure widespread benefits [10] Demographic Trends and Policy Implications - The shift from a one-child policy to a three-child policy highlights significant demographic changes, with an increasing elderly population and declining birth rates [12] - The government faces challenges in addressing the implications of an aging population on the pension system and must consider social inequalities that deter young people from starting families [12]
学历通胀的时代:大专开局,如何翻身
Hu Xiu· 2025-08-03 12:48
Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the phenomenon of "degree devaluation" and "employment difficulties" faced by young people in China, highlighting the increasing competition for jobs despite rising numbers of graduates [1][2]. Group 1: Employment Landscape - The number of college graduates in China is projected to reach a historical peak of 12.22 million by 2025, a more than 60% increase compared to 2016 [1]. - The unemployment rate for urban youth aged 16-24 exceeded 21% in 2024, indicating a harsh job market [1]. Group 2: Sales Occupations - Sales positions are often undervalued and perceived as low-status compared to traditional office jobs, yet they may offer significant opportunities for ordinary individuals [5][6]. - The competition for sales roles is relatively mild, with the resume-to-job ratio for sales positions remaining below 1.5, compared to over 5 for popular sectors like finance and technology [8]. Group 3: Changing Sales Dynamics - The traditional "hustle" sales model is becoming less effective due to the availability of information online, leading to a demand for "professional sales" who possess industry knowledge [11][13]. - The proportion of sales roles requiring industry expertise has increased from 32% to 67% between 2015 and 2023, particularly in high-stakes sectors like automotive and healthcare [14]. Group 4: Skills and Opportunities - Sales roles provide a unique opportunity for individuals to take control of their value creation, as they are less reliant on external selection mechanisms [20]. - The skills developed in sales, such as communication and market sensitivity, are transferable and valuable across various industries [21][24]. Group 5: Real-World Application - The article emphasizes that sales is a profession that teaches individuals to navigate real-world challenges, contrasting academic knowledge with practical problem-solving [23][24]. - In uncertain times, being close to money and demand offers individuals the best chance to seize opportunities [30].
经济差,工作难找,学历一般的孩子怎么办?
集思录· 2025-07-08 14:54
Group 1 - The article discusses the challenges faced by recent graduates in finding employment, highlighting a specific case of a nephew who graduated from a less prestigious university and has not secured a job yet [1] - It emphasizes the importance of self-reliance and the need for young individuals to start working, even in low-paying jobs, to gain experience and skills [4][11] - The narrative includes personal anecdotes about different career paths and the varying success rates of individuals based on their educational background and job choices [6][9] Group 2 - The article suggests that joining the military could be a viable option for young individuals, especially those from difficult backgrounds, as it provides stable income and benefits [2][3] - It outlines the pros and cons of military service, indicating that while it offers financial security, it may not suit those with strong personal ambitions or unique talents [2] - The discussion also touches on the evolving job market, indicating that opportunities have improved compared to previous years, but still require effort and adaptability from job seekers [11][13]
时代变了,鸡娃即将崩溃?意外的事接连发生
3 6 Ke· 2025-06-26 03:27
Group 1 - The number of candidates for the national college entrance examination (Gaokao) has decreased for the first time in eight years, with a total of 13.35 million applicants, down by 70,000 from last year [1] - Despite an increase in the birth population, the number of students opting out of the Gaokao has risen significantly, estimated to be around 500,000 [1] - The number of candidates for the postgraduate entrance examination (Kaoyan) is projected to drop by 500,000 in 2025, marking an 11.4% decline [1] Group 2 - The traditional paths of education and career, such as Gaokao, Kaoyan, and studying abroad, are showing signs of a turning point, indicating a potential collapse of the "chicken baby" phenomenon [3] - The marginal returns of pursuing elite education are decreasing, with many graduates facing employment difficulties despite high educational qualifications [6][10] - The employment rate for vocational college graduates is higher than that of master's and doctoral graduates, highlighting a shift in the job market dynamics [6][9] Group 3 - The cost of studying abroad is rising, while the salaries for returnees are declining, leading families to reconsider the value of overseas education [11][13] - The trend of "chicken baby" education is expected to decline as the number of college admissions increases and the competition for higher education eases [16][18] - Historical references to Japan's educational trends illustrate the potential for a similar shift in China, where the intense competition for university admission has led to diminishing returns [19][20]
到底是谁在就业市场过好日子?
远川研究所· 2025-06-12 12:42
Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the challenges faced by job seekers, particularly in the context of a shrinking job market and the rise of platforms like Boss Zhipin, which have thrived amid these difficulties. It highlights the disparity between the struggles of job seekers and the success of recruitment platforms that cater primarily to businesses. Group 1: Job Market Challenges - Fudan University has significantly reduced its enrollment in liberal arts, from 30%-40% to 20%, due to declining student numbers and societal demand [1] - The employment market is facing a record number of graduates, with 12.22 million expected to enter the workforce this year, marking a historical high [4] - There is a simultaneous struggle between job seekers and employers, with reports of a "most difficult employment season" persisting for a decade [3][5] Group 2: Boss Zhipin's Performance - Boss Zhipin reported a revenue increase of 12.9% to 1.923 billion, with net profit soaring by 111.9% to 512 million [7] - The platform has seen its monthly active users surpass 53 million, with revenue and net profit both growing by approximately 40% [15] - The company's income is predominantly from B-end services, with 98% of revenue coming from businesses seeking recruitment services [17] Group 3: Market Dynamics - The average talent supply-demand ratio in new economic sectors has risen from 1.29 to 2.06, indicating increased competition for jobs [13] - Boss Zhipin has focused on three growth markets: blue-collar workers, lower-tier cities, and micro-enterprises, which are characterized by large scales rather than high profitability [20] - The blue-collar workforce, comprising over 400 million individuals, has become a significant focus for recruitment platforms, with Boss Zhipin's revenue from this segment reaching 39% [32] Group 4: Recruitment Strategies - Boss Zhipin's business model emphasizes detailed and flexible pricing strategies, allowing companies to pay for specific recruitment services as needed [17] - The platform has successfully transitioned to cater to blue-collar workers, with a notable increase in user engagement and job postings in this demographic [31][33] - The competitive landscape of online recruitment has intensified, with Boss Zhipin leveraging its direct communication model to attract both job seekers and employers [43][44]