上海史前文化从距今6000多年前开始，经历了马家浜文化、崧泽文化、良渚文化、广富林文化和马桥文化，这一 发展历程与长江三角洲其他区域基本同步。 编者按：作为解读上海文明史的重要著作，《上海六千年》从考古、历史、地理、科技、艺术、文化、经济等不 同领域切入，系统梳理上海从史前文明到现代国际大都市的发展历程。华东师范大学社会发展学院教授田兆元认 为，一座城市的符号不是单一的，而是丰富、有层次的，但又具有统一性的文化谱系，"春申""华亭"与"沪渎"都是 上海六千年历史进程中形成的文化亮点。经出版社授权，第一财经节选第一章"最初的上海"。 现在所说的上海，一般是指行政区划上的上海，它经历了不同历史时期逐渐形成。其陆域来源，可追溯至松江府 和太仓州。松江的前身是华亭。根据《云和郡县图志》记载，华亭县设立于唐天宝十年（751年），"割昆山、嘉 兴、海盐三县置"，这是上海地区最早的行政建制。元代，华亭开县为府，并更名为松江府，又在北部设嘉定州、 崇明州，属平江路（今苏州地区），均归江浙行省，上海县亦在元代设立。到清嘉庆十年（1805年），上海地区 逐步形成了1府10县1厅的格局，即松江府下辖华亭、上海、青浦、娄、奉贤、金山 ...

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the significance of the Cidun archaeological site in Changzhou, highlighting its cultural richness and historical importance in the context of the Liangzhu culture and the broader Yangtze River Delta civilization [1][12]. Archaeological History - The Cidun site, an oval-shaped earth mound approximately 20 meters high, was first discovered in 1973 when villagers found jade artifacts from the Liangzhu culture [2]. - From 1978 to 1995, multiple archaeological investigations were conducted, uncovering over 2,200 square meters of the site, primarily focusing on the Liangzhu culture noble burial grounds [2]. Key Findings - The Cidun site has been included in the "Archaeological China - Civilization Patterns in the Lower Yangtze Region" research project since 2016, with significant discoveries made since 2019, including burial sites and architectural remains from the Songze and Liangzhu cultures, dating back approximately 5,500 to 4,500 years [3]. - The site features a range of archaeological remains, including residential areas, burial sites, and ritual zones, covering an area of 100 meters in length and 80 meters in width [4]. Cultural Artifacts - Artifacts from the site include pottery, jade, stone, and bone tools, reflecting the production, lifestyle, and cultural aspects of the local residents around 5,000 years ago [9][10]. - The pottery from the Songze culture is characterized by gray and red clay, while Liangzhu culture pottery includes a variety of forms, such as large ceremonial vessels and intricately decorated jars [9][10]. Social Structure - The burial sites indicate a social stratification during the Songze culture period, with evidence of wealth disparities among the deceased, suggesting a complex social structure [12]. - The discovery of large-scale wooden structures and intricate pottery indicates a high level of craftsmanship and social organization, reflecting the advanced state of the society at that time [12]. Cultural Connections - The presence of artifacts with characteristics of the Dawenkou culture from Shandong suggests cultural exchanges between the lower Yangtze region and the Yellow River basin, indicating a broader interaction among ancient Chinese civilizations [14].