记者丨周潇枭 见习记者张旭 编辑丨周上祺 12月18日，海南自贸港将进入全岛封关运作的新阶段。封关后，海南岛全岛将建成一个海关监 管特殊区域，实施以 "一线放开、二线管住、岛内自由" 为基本特征的自由化便利化政策制 度。 海南自由贸易港研究院执行院长郭达向21世纪经济报道记者表示，封关运作是海南自由贸易港 扩大开放的重要举措。要以"一线放开"为首要任务，尽快形成开放新优势。"二线管住"既要服 务保障"一线"高水平开放，也要适应海南自由贸易港打造国内国际双循环重要交汇点的要求。 在此背景下，具体如何做到"一线放开、二线管住"成为各方关注的焦点。海关总署自贸区和特 殊区域发展司司长潘城指出，海南自由贸易港封关运作后，海关监管制度设计上体现"一线"放 开什么，"二线"就管住什么。 "在二线口岸设置海关监管通道和非监管通道出岛，将管的与不管的有效区分开来，除了零关 税、加工增值免关税、放宽贸易管理措施等这三类货物需要通过监管通道出岛，其余货物均可 海南海口，货车正在通过。拍摄：张旭 在软件方面，强调"智慧+信用"，促进贸易便利化。 海关智慧监管平台与海南"单一窗口"、港 口（机场）作业系统互联互通，将海关监管有效嵌入 ...

Core Viewpoint - The General Administration of Customs of China has developed regulatory measures for the Hainan Free Trade Port to implement "zero tariffs" on imported goods and to streamline trade management, ensuring effective customs supervision after the island's closure to external trade [1]. Group 1: Import Regulations - The customs will enhance the facilitation of customs clearance for imported goods, allowing "zero tariff" goods and bonded goods to be released directly, except for those requiring inspection or permits [2]. - The policy was initially piloted in the Yangpu Bonded Port Area in June 2020 and has since expanded to other areas, significantly improving clearance times and reducing costs for enterprises [2]. Group 2: Export Regulations - Customs will establish both customs supervision channels and non-customs supervision channels at the "second line" ports, managing "zero tariff" goods and those benefiting from processing and trade management policies [3]. - A new "batch export, centralized declaration" model will be implemented, allowing enterprises to handle export procedures first and then complete customs declarations later, thus improving efficiency [3]. - The number of declaration items required for "second line" exports has been significantly reduced from 105 to 42, simplifying the process for enterprises [3].

Group 1 - The core viewpoint is that after the closure operation of Hainan Free Trade Port, customs will implement a management system that features "open on the first line, controlled on the second line, and free within the island" [1] - Customs will manage three categories of goods at the "second line" port: "zero tariff" goods, goods enjoying processing value-added policies, and goods with relaxed trade management measures [1] - The customs will set up customs supervision channels and non-customs supervision channels at the "second line port" to facilitate trade between Hainan and the mainland [1] Group 2 - The customs will implement a convenient clearance model called "direct release" for imported "zero tariff" goods and bonded goods, which simplifies the declaration process significantly [2] - The "direct release" policy was first piloted in June 2020 and has been gradually expanded to various bonded areas, allowing for a reduction in the number of declaration items from 105 to 33 for eligible goods [2] - Goods eligible for "direct release" are generally low-risk as they do not involve inspection, certification, or taxation, leading to faster clearance times [2]