□四川日报全媒体记者 宁宁 文/图 王卫介绍，茶菌球的成分其实十分复杂，并非某一种微生物单独形成，而是酵母、霉菌、细菌或 其他微生物聚集而成的混合体。 "不过仅凭肉眼、图片或视频，无法准确鉴定其具体成分。"专家强调，专业鉴定需在生物安全条 件下采集样本，通过菌落形态观察、显微结构分析、革兰氏染色，再结合核酸分子鉴定等步骤才 能确定。 茶菌球并非"单一菌种" 实为复杂微生物混合体 从外观上看，茶菌球就是把茶饮料开盖喝几口后随手放置，过几天瓶中冒出的白色、黄色甚至黑 色球形菌团。 这让许多人好奇：这坨菌球为何会"凭空"长出？"茶菌球的出现主要是微生物作用的结果，环境因 素也起到重要作用。"成都大学食品与生物产业学院教授王卫解释，正规茶饮料采用无菌密封包 装，开封后抿上一口，空气、手部、口腔中的微生物就有机会进入饮料中。 一旦进入，茶饮料便会成为微生物的"温床"——其富含的糖分等营养物质，能为微生物提供充足 能量；且开封初期，瓶内几乎没有其他微生物竞争，在温度适宜的条件下，进入的微生物会迅 速"安家落户"，几天内就能繁殖成团。 并非特定品牌"易长菌" 最近，一种"佛系宠物"——"茶菌球"突然走红。不少网友在社交平台 ...

新春佳节，家家户户的餐桌上布满美味佳肴，然而丰盛之余，如何处理吃不完的"隔夜菜"，成了很多人 甜蜜的烦恼：丢了可惜，吃了又担心影响健康。剩菜到底能不能吃？怎么保存才安全？哪些菜必须"光 盘"？ 在营养科医生看来，比起亚硝酸盐，剩菜储存不当带来的微生物污染和细菌繁殖，才是更直接的健康威 胁。"每年春节，急诊都会收到因食用保存不当的剩菜而出现不适症状的患者。"马莉介绍，比如鱼虾蟹 贝等水产品，本身容易携带耐高温的细菌，普通烹饪方式很难彻底杀灭，隔夜存放后细菌会大量繁殖， 很容易引发腹痛、腹泻等肠胃不适；豆制品也较容易发酸变质，微生物繁殖会产生黄曲霉毒素B1等有 毒成分，即使加热后也无法分解；蔬菜煮熟后如果常温放置超过4小时，或是储存不当，也会产生大量 亚硝酸盐…… 那么，剩菜到底能不能吃，怎么吃才安全呢？马莉给出几点建议：首先，如果感觉吃不完，可以在饭菜 出锅时就分装出来，放凉后马上放入冰箱，这样能大大减少细菌数量——饭菜已在常温下放置很久，还 被多人翻动过，细菌会大幅增多，保质期也会明显缩短；其次，放入冰箱的饭菜要做好密封，避免串 味，生熟食要分开存放；最后，食用前务必彻底加热，尤其是用微波炉加热的，要记得中途 ...

Core Viewpoint - The recent trend of cultivating "tea bacteria" from the beverage "Oriental Leaf" has sparked discussions on social media, with users sharing their experiences of growing unique microbial formations in the drink after leaving it open for several days [2][5]. Group 1: Product and Consumer Insights - "Oriental Leaf" is a no-sugar tea brand launched by Nongfu Spring in 2011, marketed with the benefits of "0 sugar, 0 calories, and 0 preservatives," and has recently gained market leadership after overcoming initial criticism [5]. - The product utilizes Log6 level aseptic cold filling technology, ensuring that the risk of microbial contamination is less than one in a million bottles [5]. - The beverage has become a significant growth driver for Nongfu Spring, with total revenue reaching 25.622 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 15.6%, and net profit attributable to shareholders of approximately 7.622 billion yuan, up 22.1% [6]. Group 2: Market Performance - The revenue from Nongfu Spring's tea beverage segment reached 10.089 billion yuan, a substantial year-on-year increase of 19.7%, making it the company's largest revenue source, surpassing packaged water [7]. - "Oriental Leaf" is expanding its market influence through seasonal limited products, promotional activities like "open cap to win prizes," and the introduction of new flavors such as Chenpi white tea [7].

Core Insights - Jiangsu Province's market regulatory authority has prioritized beverage safety inspections in 2023, focusing on ensuring compliance with food safety standards [1][2][3][4] Summary by Sections Inspection Results - In August and September, the Jiangsu market regulatory authority conducted multiple rounds of food safety inspections, specifically targeting beverages [1][2][3][4] - The inspections revealed that non-compliance issues primarily stemmed from microbial contamination, particularly the presence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa [1][2][3][4] - A total of 1006 food samples were tested in one round, with 15 samples failing, including one beverage [1] - In another round, 1356 samples were tested, resulting in 21 failures, including one beverage [2] - Subsequent inspections showed varying results, with some rounds reporting all beverages as compliant, while others identified multiple non-compliant beverage samples [3][4] Specific Non-compliance Cases - Specific instances of non-compliance included: - Drinking water from a factory in Jiangsu failing to meet standards for nitrite and Pseudomonas aeruginosa [1] - A natural spring water product failing due to Pseudomonas aeruginosa [2] - Multiple instances of bottled water failing due to Pseudomonas aeruginosa and other contaminants in various inspections [3][4] Regulatory Actions - The Jiangsu market regulatory authority has mandated local regulatory bodies to investigate non-compliant products and their manufacturers, ensuring legal actions are taken against violations [1] - Non-compliance cases are recorded in the food safety credit archives of the respective food producers [1]