越来越多城市的老房子，要"强制体检"了。最近，郑州拟对房龄达30年及以上的住宅开展首检；宁波将 房屋体检项目增加至50余项……房屋体检试点工作正在全国范围稳步推进。 推行房屋体检是应对城镇住宅"老龄化"的必然选择。机构数据显示，截至2024年，我国房龄超30年的建 筑占比达35%，预计到2040年前后将升至近80%。大量住宅集中进入设计使用年限中后期，材料老化、 维护不足与过往标准偏低等问题交织，安全隐患日益凸显。建立预防性体检制度，如同为房屋系上"安 全绳"，是从源头管控风险、保障人民生命财产安全的务实举措。 可持续的资金保障是关键。目前，各地已探索形成多元路径。部分城市由政府公共账户承担基本费用； 一些地区明确由房屋安全责任人承担，财政予以奖补；还有地区正探索引入市场机制，推动形成多方共 担的长效保障模式。未来，需在资金来源法定化、使用程序规范化上进一步突破，确保房屋体检拥有稳 定可持续的资金供给。 房屋体检，检的是当下之患，谋的是长远之安。推动其从试点示范转变为标准清晰、资金稳定、覆盖全 面的长期制度安排，是开展房屋体检工作的初衷。各地应结合实际，借鉴试点经验，稳步推动制度走向 成熟，筑牢长期安全宜居的 ...

Core Viewpoint - The recent initiative by Zhengzhou's housing authority to mandate inspections for residential buildings over 30 years old signals a growing recognition of the aging housing crisis in China, with government support for inspection costs [1][2]. Group 1: Policy Implementation - Zhengzhou's housing authority has proposed a draft requiring buildings aged 30 years or older to undergo inspections, with costs covered by the government [1]. - Other cities, such as Changsha and Wuhan, are also implementing similar inspection guidelines, indicating a nationwide focus on building safety [3]. - The inspections will vary in frequency based on the age and type of the building, with specific guidelines established for different categories [3]. Group 2: Aging Housing Crisis - Approximately 20% of urban housing in China was over 30 years old by the end of 2022, and this figure is expected to rise to nearly 80% by 2040 [5]. - Many older residential buildings face significant maintenance issues, including deteriorating facades, aging pipelines, and frequent elevator failures, exacerbated by insufficient maintenance funds [5]. - The early maintenance fund contributions were low, and inflation has eroded their value, leading to a critical shortage of funds for necessary repairs [5]. Group 3: Future Initiatives - The Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development is piloting housing inspection and pension systems in 22 major cities, which includes a public account funded by government subsidies [6]. - The concept of a housing pension system has gained attention, aiming to provide financial support for the maintenance of aging buildings [6][7]. - The expectation is that the implementation of housing inspections, pensions, and insurance will provide hope for residents in aging communities and alleviate concerns for new homeowners [7].

Core Insights - The recent draft policy on affordable housing in Shenzhen has caused significant concern among property owners, as it prohibits the conversion of certain types of affordable housing into commercial properties, marking a shift from previous regulations [1][4][5] Group 1: Housing Market Dynamics - The new policy categorizes affordable housing into three types: public rental housing for low-income individuals, guaranteed rental housing for young workers, and shared ownership housing for those with general needs. The key change is that shared ownership housing cannot be converted into commercial properties [1] - The current housing market is experiencing a significant decline in prices, with examples such as properties near subway stations in Zhengzhou dropping to around 2000 yuan per square meter, while the price of shared ownership housing remains around 6000 yuan per square meter [7][9] - There is a notable mismatch between the supply of affordable housing and market demand, with a reported shortfall of 14.07 million units against a total affordable housing stock of only 5% of the total housing supply in 2022 [7] Group 2: Rising Costs of Homeownership - Homeownership costs are increasing due to three main factors: rising property management fees, escalating housing pension costs, and the potential introduction of property taxes [11][14][16] - Property management fees in first- and second-tier cities are projected to reach 2.5-3 yuan per square meter by 2025, reflecting a 250%-300% increase since 2000 [11][12] - The housing pension scheme, which combines personal and public accounts, is expected to add significant costs for homeowners, with examples showing annual contributions of around 1200 yuan for an 80 square meter apartment [14] - The anticipated property tax could further increase the cost of homeownership, with estimates suggesting that homeowners may face annual taxes equivalent to a significant portion of their income [16] Group 3: Future Market Considerations - The trend indicates that a significant portion of the population may face a situation where they can afford to buy homes but cannot afford to maintain them, leading to a "buying but not living" scenario [5][9] - Homebuyers are advised to avoid older properties without advantageous locations or amenities, as these may continue to depreciate in value [18] - It is recommended that potential homeowners consider the long-term costs associated with property ownership, including management fees, pensions, and taxes, to avoid financial strain [19][21]

Group 1 - The National Market Supervision Administration is promoting the update of old residential elevators through a new policy, ensuring safety and quality in elevator products [1] - The policy includes measures for funding sources, maintenance and update methods, and implementation timelines, which are expected to invigorate the elevator service market [1] - The focus is on encouraging elevator manufacturers to take responsibility for producing high-quality and reasonably priced elevator products [1] Group 2 - The aging of elevators in China is anticipated to drive the demand for updates, with policies and funding increasingly favoring elevator renewal [2] - As of 2023, the number of elevators in China has surpassed 10 million, indicating potential for growth in per capita elevator ownership compared to developed countries [2] - The domestic elevator manufacturers are expected to see improved business models and free cash flow, with valuations likely aligning more closely with overseas leading companies [2]

根据媒体报道中国的公共维修基金有1万亿左右，使用率极低，只有5-10%左右。这其实很正常，因为 公共维修基金是从1999年1月1日才开始正式缴纳的，也就是说交钱的房子最老也不过25年，这钱用的少 正常，用的多才奇怪。 这个周末很多人都在热议新推出的房屋养老金，并有多种解读称这是变种的房产税。政府的解释这笔钱 未来将用于给房子养老，即一些年久失修的老房子需要定期检查、维护，以保护居民安全，相关费用就 从房屋养老金里出。 我估计大部分人在买房的时候隐约记得自己交过一笔公共维修基金，大概是总房价的2%左右，交这笔 钱的目的就是为了未来维护修缮房子用的。 但绝大多数人对于这笔钱交了之后的去向是一无所知，对吧。我之前就是不太清楚，这两天专门查了一 下，这笔钱在业主委员会成立之前由当地政府房管部门代管，存放在银行，业主委员会成立后由业主大 会管理。 注意，每个人都有专门的银行账户，自己交的公共维修基金存放在自己个人账户，并不会通用。 之前有专家说这1万亿躺银行里可惜，应该想办法盘活它，建议主动投资增值。 我 建议 专家闭上狗嘴 。 了解了以上背景后，脑子快的读者已经会想到一件事了，就是1999年之前的房子都是没交公共维修 ...