Core Viewpoint - Water conservancy is vital for agriculture and plays a crucial role in the comprehensive revitalization of rural areas [1][2] Group 1: Rural Water Supply - The water conservancy department prioritizes the integrated construction of urban and rural water supply, promoting large-scale centralized water supply projects and standardizing small water supply projects [1] - By the end of last year, the national rural tap water penetration rate reached 94%, with large-scale water supply projects covering 65% of the rural population [1] Group 2: Agricultural Water Supply - The modernization of large and medium-sized irrigation areas is effectively linked with the construction of high-standard farmland, and comprehensive reforms of agricultural water pricing are deepening [1] - The irrigated area of arable land reached 108.6 million acres, producing over 80% of the grain from 56% of the cultivated land [1] Group 3: Challenges and Recommendations - Some rural water conservancy infrastructure is outdated, with insufficient maintenance funds and a lack of professional management teams [2] - To address funding issues, it is recommended to promote standardized construction of rural water supply projects, deepen water price reforms, and ensure government subsidies for sustainable operations [2] - The implementation of digital twin technology is suggested to enhance the operation of facilities and support the comprehensive revitalization of rural areas [2]

Core Viewpoint - Shandong Province is implementing a comprehensive approach to manage saline-alkali land, focusing on water management, technological innovation, and reform to ensure food security and improve agricultural productivity [1][4][5]. Group 1: Water Management - The saline-alkali land in Shandong covers over 8.9 million acres, primarily in coastal areas, which has historically hindered agricultural production [1]. - In the Binzhou and Dongying regions, saline-alkali land constitutes 70.33% and 80% of arable land, respectively, making water management critical for agricultural success [4][5]. - Shandong is enhancing water infrastructure to support saline-alkali land management, with projects like the West Water East Transfer project capable of transferring 25 million cubic meters of water annually [6][7]. Group 2: Technological Innovation - Technological improvements have significantly reduced soil salinity levels in demonstration areas, with soil salinity dropping from 16‰ to 3‰ and pH levels optimized to 7.95, leading to increased crop yields [8][9]. - The implementation of digital twin irrigation systems allows for real-time monitoring and data-driven irrigation management, improving water use efficiency by over 10% [12][13]. Group 3: Reform and Investment - Shandong is reforming agricultural water pricing and rights allocation to enhance water resource management, providing double water rights for trial areas to stimulate saline-alkali land development [13][14]. - The introduction of social capital into saline-alkali land management has led to significant investments, with land rental prices increasing from 200-300 yuan to over 760 yuan per acre after improvement [14][15]. - The provincial government aims to create a modern water network and continue the modernization of irrigation systems to support sustainable agricultural practices [15].