◎记者 白丽斐 李苑 2025年是"十四五"规划收官之年。近期，从特高压电网到高速铁路，从抽水蓄能到水利枢纽，各地重大 工程项目建设"进度条"不断刷新，为经济社会发展注入强劲动力。 受访专家表示，预计未来重大项目投资将进一步增加，政策支持力度将进一步加大，资金支持范围将继 续聚焦"两重"建设以及新质生产力培育等相关领域，并侧重加大对5G/6G、算力中心等新基建、关键核 心技术攻关和先进制造业的支持。 7月以来，一系列重大工程加快推进，涉及能源、交通、水利等多个重点领域。 8月20日，国家电网有限公司宁夏—湖南±800千伏特高压直流输电工程正式投产送电。该工程作为国 家"十四五"电力发展规划重点工程，是我国首条获批、以输送"沙戈荒"风电光伏基地新能源为主的特高 压输电大通道。其直流线路全长1616公里，途经6省区（市），总投资281亿元。 "经过4年多扎实推进，'十四五'规划102项重大工程取得一系列重大进展、重大成效，预计年底前能全 部完成规划目标。"国家发展改革委副主任李春临表示。 超长期特别国债、专项债等为重大工程建设提供资金支持，据悉，2025年"两重"建设共安排8000亿元超 长期特别国债资金支持14 ...

Core Viewpoint - Jiangxi Province's Yichun City Tonggu County focuses on improving the quality and efficiency of "work-for-relief" projects, aiming to inject strong momentum into rural revitalization through a closed-loop management system that emphasizes project reserve, innovative models, precise services, and strict fund management [1] Group 1: Project Reserve Mechanism - The county has established a "three-level linkage" project reserve mechanism led by the Development and Reform Commission, involving industry departments and townships, focusing on key areas such as rural transportation, water conservancy, and living facilities [2] - A total of 20 projects have been reserved for 2023-2024, with a total investment of 90 million yuan, creating a dynamic management model of "planning a batch, reserving a batch, implementing a batch" [2] - Targeted training has been organized to improve the quality of project reserves and the efficiency of applications, covering key personnel in all townships [2] Group 2: Innovative Self-Building Model - An innovative "self-building by the masses + multi-party supervision" mechanism has been implemented in the work-for-relief demonstration project in Sandu Town, where village committees lead the establishment of villagers' councils to participate in procurement and labor organization [3] - This model has saved approximately 200,000 yuan in bidding and material costs and increased the labor remuneration payment ratio to 40% of the budgeted funds, directly benefiting low-income groups [3] - The county promotes a model of "village collective undertaking + community participation," achieving a dual benefit of project implementation and income increase for villagers [3] Group 3: Accelerated Project Initiation - To ensure immediate project initiation upon fund arrival, the county has implemented a dual-track approach for policy services and preliminary procedures, providing clear guidelines for application requirements [4] - An innovative "pre-approval + pre-construction" mechanism allows project units to complete preliminary procedures before funds are allocated, leading to a 30% reduction in average project initiation time since 2024 [4] Group 4: Strict Fund Management - The county has incorporated labor remuneration distribution, training, and project progress into hard indicators for fund disbursement, requiring project units to submit detailed records for verification [5] - In 2024, the labor remuneration payment rate for projects reached 100%, with a strict three-level verification system in place to ensure quality, fund usage, and benefits to the public [5] - These measures have positioned the work-for-relief projects as a key driver for upgrading rural infrastructure and promoting local employment, supporting the consolidation of poverty alleviation achievements and advancing rural revitalization [5]

新华社北京8月16日电 题：兴水利民！水利基础设施现代化加快推进 新华社记者魏弘毅、徐思钰 水利基础设施，是实现水利高质量发展的关键一环，是守护江河安澜、保障供水安全、复苏河湖生 态、增强民生福祉的重要依托。 "十四五"规划纲要提出，加强水利基础设施建设。"十四五"以来，我国水利基础设施建设持续提 速、现代化加快推进，为推动水利高质量发展、保障我国水安全提质赋能。 筑牢兴水利民的水利"长城" 工程建设有序推进。"十四五"期间，我国共开工12.9万项水利工程，2022至2024年全国水利建设投 资连续三年突破1万亿元，黄河古贤水利枢纽、南水北调中线引江补汉、环北部湾水资源配置等国家水 网骨干工程加快建设。 今年5月，大藤峡水利枢纽实现新突破——工程累计发电量超200亿千瓦时，为降碳减排作出水利贡 献。 综合效益持续发挥。"十四五"以来，我国水利工程已成功抗御54次大江大河编号洪水；2022至2024 年水利建设共吸纳就业超过840万人；水利工程助力母亲河复苏行动取得显著成效，江河湖泊生态环境 持续改善。 大藤峡水利枢纽主体工程完工于2023年，集防洪、航运、发电、补水压咸和灌溉等效益于一体， 是"十四五"期间水 ...

Consumption - The contribution of trade-in programs to retail sales has weakened, with July retail sales growth declining by 1.1 percentage points to 3.7% year-on-year[3] - The personal consumption loan interest subsidy is expected to boost retail sales by approximately 0.2 percentage points, with a historical context showing a 1% subsidy could lead to a greater impact than previous years[4] - The consumer loan consumption rate has remained low, averaging around 2.5% since 2024, indicating a shift towards cash purchases rather than credit expansion[3] Production - Industrial production growth in July was 5.7%, down 1.1 percentage points from the previous value, with a month-on-month increase of only 0.38%[5] - Service sector production also saw a slight decline of 0.2 percentage points to 5.8% year-on-year, with mixed performance across various industries[5] Fixed Investment - Real estate investment has further declined, with July showing a year-on-year drop of 12.0%, and new housing sales showing signs of weakness[6] - Manufacturing investment has decreased by 1.3 percentage points to 6.2%, with significant declines in sectors such as non-ferrous metallurgy and chemical products[6] - Infrastructure investment turned negative for the first time since 2021, with broad infrastructure showing a decline of 1.9% year-on-year in July[6] Economic Outlook - The data from July indicates a further weakening of domestic demand, suggesting increased downward pressure on economic growth in Q4, which may prompt policy adjustments[7] - Risks include potential underperformance of policy measures and unexpected downturns in the U.S. economy[7]

"取水贷""节水贷"协议的集中签约 8月15日，四川省用水权交易平台体系建设暨水权交易集中签约活动在四川水发集团科创中心举 行。活动中，全国首个依托国家水权交易平台、并由中国水权交易所与四川水利发展集团合作组建的省 级水权交易平台——中国水权交易所四川省交易服务中心正式揭牌，开创全国依托国家水权交易平台建 设省级水权交易平台的先例。 活动现场，中国水权交易所与四川省水利发展集团、都江堰水利发展中心等4个单位签署会员协 议，并宣布同时在都发中心、德阳市中江县、宜宾市翠屏区设立交易服务窗口，从而基本构建起"省级 交易中心统筹、区域交易窗口支撑"的用水权交易平台服务体系。 该水权交易平台建立后，首批4宗用水权交易集中签约活动同步有序举行，新增交易水量8945万立 方米，交易金额合计744万元。其中，四川省广元市剑阁县水利局与绵阳市游仙区水利局达成四川首宗 大型调水工程区域水权交易，交易水量五年共计7965万立方米，是交易水量最大的一笔。四川省甘孜州 与内蒙古自治区阿拉善盟签署《水利部关于积极探索和规范推进黄河流域跨省区用水权交易的意见》印 发后的第一单黄河流域用水权跨省区交易框架协议。此外，四川省宜宾市所辖企业还与 ...

Economic Overview - In July 2025, the industrial added value for large-scale enterprises increased by 5.7% year-on-year and 0.38% month-on-month[3] - The total retail sales of consumer goods grew by 3.7% year-on-year but decreased by 0.14% month-on-month[3] - From January to July, fixed asset investment (excluding rural households) rose by 1.6% year-on-year[3] Investment Trends - Both infrastructure and manufacturing investment growth turned negative in July, with broad infrastructure down by 1.9% and narrow infrastructure down by 5.1%[4][8] - Manufacturing investment growth fell from 5.1% in June to -0.3% in July, indicating a significant decline in investment momentum[6][23] Consumption Insights - The decline in retail sales growth to 3.7% in July was primarily driven by a decrease in automobile sales and weak demand in other categories[8][9] - The effectiveness of the "trade-in" policy for stimulating consumption has weakened, with significant drops in categories like automobiles and home appliances[9][34] Employment Concerns - The urban surveyed unemployment rate increased, indicating a potential rise in youth unemployment, particularly among the 16-24 age group[4][15] - The number of college graduates in 2025 is projected to be 12.22 million, higher than the previous year's 11.79 million, raising concerns about job market saturation[4] Risks and Challenges - The current economic environment shows signs of "production stability, weak consumption, and weak investment," posing risks for the second half of the year[3] - External shocks and insufficient effective demand remain significant challenges for economic performance in the latter half of 2025[3][10]

全力冲刺年内通车！湖北宜昌北站建设正酣，站房主体结构已施工完成，项目进入收尾阶段。全长313 公里的沿江高铁武汉至宜昌段，是沿江高铁全线首个开工项目。通车后，将与汉宜铁路等一道，在湖北 省内形成"武汉往返武汉"高铁环线，助力武汉、襄阳、宜昌三地实现1小时互通。 "渝宜高铁、渝万高铁、合武高铁、北沿江高铁等沿江高铁项目建成后，将与既有铁路网络深度融合、 多向联通，形成川渝与华中、华东地区的快速客运通道，助推长江经济带高质量发展。"国铁集团有关 负责同志表示。 从沿江高铁、沿江机场、沿江干线公路等沿长江交通基础设施，到"三北"工程、城市地下管网、高标准 农田建设等，"两重"建设正扎实推进。日前，国家发展改革委安排超3000亿元支持2025年第三批"两 重"建设项目，这也意味着今年8000亿元"两重"建设项目清单已全部下达完毕。 稳投资、促就业，支撑经济稳定增长—— 7毫秒，新疆绿电瞬间抵达2200多公里外的重庆。哈密—重庆±800千伏特高压直流输电工程投产送 电，"疆电外送"有了第三条直流通道。 投资286亿元、带动上下游投资超1000亿元，1万余人投身工程建设，3万余人在装备制造、能源服务等 领域获得稳定岗位， ...

Group 1 - The Ministry of Finance, in collaboration with the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs and the Ministry of Water Resources, has allocated 1.015 billion yuan for disaster relief efforts in various regions affected by floods and droughts, including Beijing, Hebei, Inner Mongolia, Guangdong, Shandong, Henan, and Hubei [1] - A red warning for mountain flood disasters has been issued by the Ministry of Water Resources and the China Meteorological Administration, indicating a high likelihood of mountain floods in central and western Guangdong and southern Guangxi from August 5 to August 6 [1] - The Central Meteorological Observatory has issued orange warnings for heavy rain and blue warnings for severe convective weather, predicting significant rainfall in southern China, eastern Sichuan Basin, southwestern Yunnan, and other regions over the next three days [1] Group 2 - In Guangxi, heavy rainfall has been reported from August 4 to August 5, with some areas experiencing extreme rainfall, prompting the activation of a level four emergency response by the Guangxi Hydrology Center [2] - The heavy rainfall has caused three rivers in Guangxi to exceed warning levels, leading to flooding in the region [2] - Due to continuous rainfall in Guangdong, some regular trains on the Jingguang Railway have been suspended or rerouted, with emergency measures taken to transport affected passengers, including the addition of 19 high-speed trains to assist over 13,000 travelers [2]

Group 1 - The core viewpoint emphasizes the importance of science popularization alongside technological innovation as a foundational work for achieving innovative development [1] - The initiative "Academicians Talk Science Popularization" aims to engage academicians in writing articles that explain scientific trends and introduce cutting-edge knowledge to inspire youth interest in science [1] - The articles feature insights from five academicians who share their experiences in science popularization and its significance for society [1] Group 2 - Academician Ouyang Ziyuan highlights the need to present science as stories to make it accessible and engaging for the public, especially the youth [3][4] - The use of short videos as a medium for science communication is discussed, emphasizing the need for a combination of quick dissemination and systematic reports [4][5] - Academician Jin Yong stresses the importance of understanding the audience for effective science communication, tailoring content to different age groups and interests [6][7] Group 3 - Academician Zhou Zhonghe points out that enhancing public interest in science is a shared responsibility of scientists, which also addresses the relevance of paleontology [8][9] - The role of science popularization in promoting scientific and patriotic spirit is emphasized, linking it to national strategies for education and innovation [9][10] - The challenges of science communication in the age of artificial intelligence are acknowledged, highlighting the need for objective reporting and collaboration between scientific and communication sectors [10] Group 4 - Academician Wang Hao discusses the necessity for researchers to simplify complex concepts for better public understanding, indicating that effective science communication can inspire innovation [11][12] - The importance of engaging with the public through interactive sessions during science talks is highlighted to foster curiosity and understanding [8][11] - The relationship between scientific research and science popularization is described as interconnected, where effective communication can enhance research quality [11][12] Group 5 - Academician Wang Pinxian emphasizes that high-quality science popularization is essential for dispelling public misconceptions about science and fostering curiosity [14][15] - The significance of asking the right questions in science communication is highlighted, especially in the context of artificial intelligence [15] - The need for scientists to actively participate in science popularization efforts is framed as a crucial aspect of building a scientifically literate society [15][16]

Group 1: Infrastructure Development - The construction of Yichang North Station is progressing well, with the main structure completed, and the project entering the final stages [1] - The Wuhan-Yichang section of the Yangtze River High-speed Railway, spanning 313 kilometers, is the first project to commence along the entire line, aiming to enhance connectivity within Hubei province [1] - The National Development and Reform Commission has allocated over 300 billion yuan to support the third batch of "two重" construction projects, indicating that the 800 billion yuan project list for this year has been fully issued [1] Group 2: Economic Impact - The Hami-Chongqing ±800 kV UHVDC transmission project has been launched, providing a third direct current channel for electricity transmission from Xinjiang to Chongqing, with an investment of 28.6 billion yuan [3] - The project is expected to drive over 100 billion yuan in upstream and downstream investments, creating over 30,000 stable jobs in related sectors [3] - Infrastructure investment increased by 4.6% year-on-year in the first half of the year, outpacing overall investment growth by 1.8 percentage points [3] Group 3: Technological Advancements - The "Linghang" shield machine is currently operating at the Changtai Yangtze River Tunnel, utilizing advanced techniques such as intelligent tunneling and geological forecasting [4] - Domestic shield machines have captured nearly 70% of the global market share, indicating a strong position in the industry [4] - The Jinsha River Silver River Hydropower Station's unit 3 has achieved an Asian record with a capacity of 65 megawatts, showcasing advancements in energy technology [4] Group 4: Strategic Planning - The National Development and Reform Commission has reported significant progress on 102 major projects under the 14th Five-Year Plan, with expectations to meet all targets by the end of the year [5] - The focus will continue on enhancing collaboration between departments and ensuring the successful completion of major projects to support China's modernization efforts [5]