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哈佛研究:逃避无聊,就是在喂养焦虑
3 6 Ke· 2025-08-30 17:39
你害怕无聊吗?哈佛大学教授亚瑟·C·布鲁克斯指出,无聊并非是靠刷手机就能逃避的问题。他认为,为无聊腾出空间, 能让我们在脑海中有更多余地去思考关于意义和目标的深刻问题。 你需要感受无聊。倘若你从未感受过无聊,那么你生活的意义将会减少,且更容易陷入抑郁,这道理再浅显不过。首 先,我们来谈谈无聊带来的益处。当处于无聊状态时,我们的认知活动会处于闲置,进而促使思维系统切换到大脑的一 个部分 —— 默认模式网络。这名称听着颇为专业,实则并非如此。 默认模式网络是大脑中的一组结构,当你无事可想时就会启动。比如,你忘了带手机,坐在交通灯前等待。这时,默认 模式网络就开始工作了。但我们并不喜欢这种状态。 我在哈佛心理学系的同事丹·吉尔伯特做过实验,让人们坐在一个房间里15分钟,要求他们什么都不做,房间里也确实没 什么可做的,只是他们面前有个按钮,按下按钮就会给自己来一次痛苦的电击。要么无聊地坐着,要么电击自己。结 果,大多数参与者选择了电击,也不愿什么都不想。 我们不喜欢无聊。无聊太糟糕了。为什么无聊这么让人难以忍受呢?因为默认模式网络会让我们思考一些可能令人不安 的事情。当你放空思绪,任由大脑游荡,就会思考诸如人生意义这 ...
聊聊无聊
Hu Xiu· 2025-06-26 11:19
Group 1 - The article discusses the concept of boredom, defining it as a "desire for desires" and exploring its psychological implications [2][4][6] - It highlights the historical context of boredom, linking it to modernity and capitalism, where leisure time has increased but meaningful engagement has decreased [4][10][24] - The article references various studies and theories on boredom, including its potential to stimulate creativity, although it questions the validity of such claims [21][22][24] Group 2 - The impact of boredom on social behavior is examined, suggesting it can lead to increased group identity and biases against others [23] - The article notes that boredom is often perceived negatively, with societal pressures leading individuals to deny their feelings of boredom [10][14] - It discusses the role of technology in exacerbating feelings of boredom by fragmenting attention and reducing the ability to engage deeply with tasks [24][25]
如何应对无聊,是后稀缺时代的最大挑战
腾讯研究院· 2025-05-14 08:35
Core Viewpoint - The book "Deep Utopia: Life and Meaning in a Solved World" by Nick Bostrom explores the potential for an ideal society in the context of rapid technological advancement, questioning how such a society could be achieved and what it would mean for humanity [3][4][14]. Summary by Sections Author Background - Nick Bostrom, born in 1973 in Sweden, has a diverse academic background including degrees in philosophy, physics, and computational neuroscience, and has focused on existential risks and the future of humanity [1][2]. Concept of Negative Entropy - Bostrom's engagement with "Extropianism" suggests that technology could eventually allow for infinite human life, leading to significant political and economic changes [2]. Shift in Focus - Unlike his previous work on the dangers of superintelligent AI, "Deep Utopia" revives discussions on ideal societies, drawing from historical philosophical traditions [3][4]. Technological Progress and Society - Bostrom acknowledges that technological advancements do not guarantee a better society, citing historical examples where progress led to increased oppression [3][4]. Imagining a Solved World - The book hypothesizes a world where technological issues are resolved, exploring the implications and desirability of such a scenario [4][5]. Structure of the Book - The narrative is structured around a series of lectures by Bostrom, interspersed with discussions from his audience and fictional correspondence, creating a philosophical dialogue [5][13]. Key Themes Discussed 1. The source of progress in a society with surplus wealth [5]. 2. The balance between leisure and productivity in a future society [5]. 3. The significance of meaningful living [5]. 4. Addressing boredom in a leisure-rich society [5]. Paradox of Equality and Progress - Bostrom identifies a paradox where a society that achieves equality may lose the motivation for progress, leading to a potential decline in innovation [6][7]. New Forms of Consumption - He proposes three potential new consumption forms to stimulate progress: 1. New products unaffected by diminishing returns [8]. 2. Public projects that absorb social capital [8]. 3. Status competition in an equal society [8]. Addressing Deep Redundancy - Bostrom outlines five mechanisms to counteract the loss of purpose in a post-work society, including pleasure, quality of experience, self-justifying activities, artificial purposes, and cultural engagement [9][10][11]. The Challenge of Boredom - The book emphasizes the need to create engaging experiences to combat boredom, which is seen as a significant challenge in a post-scarcity society [11][12]. Philosophical Implications - The discussions in the book reflect on the nature of happiness and fulfillment, suggesting that true enjoyment comes from deeper engagement with experiences [12][14]. Conclusion - Bostrom's work serves as a reflection on the potential paths humanity may take in the face of technological advancement, emphasizing the importance of choice and the ongoing nature of these discussions [14][15].