2月11日，记者从新疆维吾尔自治区林业和草原局了解到，2025年，塔克拉玛干沙漠边缘在2024年锁边"合龙"的基础上新扩边超938万亩，锁边宽度增至110 米—7500米，沙漠的"绿围脖"更加厚实。塔克拉玛干沙漠锁边扩边工程被世界工程组织联合会评选为"2025全球十大工程成就"，塔克拉玛干沙漠边缘阻击战 取得了阶段性、标志性成果。 为打好"三北"工程攻坚战，2025年，新疆完成治理任务1376万亩，占全年计划任务的115.24%。生态效益同步凸显，"十四五"以来，新疆连续5年向胡杨林引 洪补水，输水半径由1公里增加至5公里，植被盖度由8.35%增加至11.62%。 气象数据显示，"十四五"期间，北疆与南疆年降水量分别增加12.3毫米和5.5毫米，沙尘天气发生频率进一步下降。 下一步，新疆将持续巩固提升塔克拉玛干沙漠锁边成效，协同推进古尔班通古特沙漠综合治理，2026年计划完成"三北"工程任务1000万亩以上。 （总台记者 王新宇 彭婵） ...

Core Viewpoint - The article highlights the significant achievements and ongoing research efforts at the Shapotou Station, a key site for desertification control and ecological restoration in China, showcasing its evolution from a basic research station to a renowned ecological research base [1][12]. Group 1: Historical Development - The Shapotou Station was established in 1955 to address severe sand damage during the construction of the Baolan Railway, marking the beginning of systematic desertification research in China [2][3]. - Initially, researchers lived in a simple earthen house in a nearby village, focusing on the feasibility of using plants for sand fixation along the railway [2][3]. - By 1960, the Chinese Academy of Sciences decided to enhance the station's infrastructure, leading to the construction of brick buildings and the establishment of laboratories by 1964 [3][4]. Group 2: Research and Technological Advancements - The Shapotou Station has developed a comprehensive monitoring system, the Shapotou Evapotranspiration Instrument Group, which is the largest of its kind in northern China, facilitating advanced data collection on water balance in desert ecosystems [7][9]. - The station has accumulated extensive data on water, soil, meteorology, and biology, making it a valuable resource for researchers and local management authorities [9][10]. Group 3: Ecological Restoration Efforts - The station has successfully transformed 1.5 million acres of the Tengger Desert from "sand encroachment" to "green recovery" through targeted afforestation and ecological engineering techniques [9][12]. - Innovative methods such as the "grass grid" technique and the integration of various plant species have been employed to create effective ecological barriers along the railway [11][12]. Group 4: Education and Training - The Shapotou Station serves as a popular educational base, receiving over 5,000 visitors annually, primarily students, to learn about desertification control techniques [12]. - It has conducted over 30 training sessions on desertification prevention, educating more than 1,000 technical personnel on cutting-edge sand control methods [12]. Group 5: Future Directions - The station is pursuing the "Shapotou Model 2.0," which combines woven sand barriers with artificial crusts to enhance sand fixation, aiming for more efficient desertification control [13]. - Future research will focus on sustainable development in arid ecosystems, ecological restoration, biodiversity conservation, and green industry development [13].

转自：中国科学报 天刚蒙蒙亮，试验田那边已传来咚咚声，几名研究人员正在搅拌车前拿着铁锹干活。这片地面积约50 亩，地表铺着一张张六边形的模具，他们正在模具上面铺一层"泥土"，做成特殊的土块。 这是中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院宁夏沙坡头沙漠生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站（以下简称 沙坡头站）新研发的技术成果——人工生物土壤结皮的"种子"。研究人员将7种不同的荒漠蓝藻，与基 质搅拌成为新的复合材料。 "这是一项新的技术，将这些土块撒在沙漠上，遇到降水就能生长出结皮。"沙坡头站副站长赵洋解释 道。 15年前，这位从药用植物专业毕业的青年或许未曾想到，自己会与沙漠中的"蓝精灵"——蓝藻结下如此 深厚的缘分。从实验室到荒漠，从液态喷洒到固态接种体，科研团队在人工结皮技术上取得了突破性进 展，让沙漠固沙从"百年之功"缩短至"三年可期"。 初遇："根本活不下去" "沙漠里有一种蓝藻，能自己'长'出土壤，你要不要试试？" 2010年的夏天，赵洋站在沙坡头站的门口。这位药用植物学硕士生，原本计划研究沙漠中的沙生药用植 物，却因导师李新荣的这句话改变了轨迹。 彼时，赵洋对蓝藻的认知还停留在课本上。当他第一次走进沙漠试验田，看 ...

Core Viewpoint - Xinjiang has been actively expanding the green protective belt around the Taklamakan Desert, increasing its width from 110 meters to 7,500 meters, and has planted 4.79 million acres of greenery to strengthen the desert's protective barrier [1] Group 1 - The width of the green protective belt around the Taklamakan Desert has been significantly increased from 110 meters to 7,500 meters [1] - A total of 4.79 million acres of greenery have been added to enhance the desert's protective measures [1] - Large machinery is being organized in Hotan County for desert leveling work in preparation for tree planting in October [1]

Core Insights - Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party, Xinjiang has achieved a significant transformation from "desert encroachment" to "greening the desert" through scientific governance [1][3] Group 1: Environmental Restoration - The ecological restoration of the Tarim River's lower reaches has been facilitated by ecological water replenishment from the upper reaches, with seven large water conservancy projects storing snowmelt water from the Tianshan Mountains [3] - Over the past decade, the groundwater level within one kilometer of the Tarim River has risen by approximately 7 meters, leading to the restoration of 2,300 square kilometers of vegetation [3] - The area of desertified land treated in Xinjiang since the 18th National Congress has reached 52,000 square kilometers, equivalent to the area of eight Shanghai cities [5] Group 2: Economic Development - The area for planting specialty economic crops in Xinjiang's sandy regions has reached 1.845 million acres, with the sand industry generating an annual output value exceeding 4.37 billion yuan [7] - The successful greening efforts have allowed local families, such as the Abdurayim brothers, to expand their agricultural activities, including the cultivation of grapes on 1,100 acres of previously barren land [5][7] - The restoration of the ecosystem has also led to the return of over 170 species of wildlife, indicating a healthy and revitalized environment [5]

Core Viewpoint - The successful capture of three juvenile leopard cats in the Bai Jitan National Nature Reserve highlights the positive ecological improvements resulting from effective desertification control efforts in the region [1][2]. Group 1: Ecological Significance - The presence of juvenile leopard cats, a nationally protected species, indicates a stable adult population and successful breeding within the Bai Jitan Reserve, reflecting a healthy and complete regional ecosystem [2]. - The Bai Jitan Reserve has been recognized as a model for desertification control in China, having completed afforestation efforts covering nearly 700,000 acres, creating a "green wall" that effectively curbs the southward and westward expansion of desert areas [1][2]. Group 2: Conservation Efforts - The reserve has implemented various measures to enhance biodiversity, including the installation of infrared camera grids, strict patrol management, and ongoing ecological restoration, which have improved the habitat quality for wildlife [2]. - The successful documentation of the leopard cat cubs serves as a visual testament to the ecological restoration and ongoing improvements in the Bai Jitan area, showcasing the transformation from desert to oasis [2].

Core Viewpoint - The Xinjiang Hotan region demonstrates that vibrant roses can thrive in the Taklamakan Desert, serving both ecological and economic purposes, with over 70,000 acres of roses currently in the harvesting season [1] Group 1: Economic Impact - Local villagers are actively engaged in rose harvesting, which requires specific techniques and timing to ensure quality, with petals for rose jam harvested separately from buds for tea and essential oils [3] - The rose trading market operates from 9 AM to 8 PM, with daily trading volumes reaching approximately 30 tons of rose petals [6] - Over 2,000 households are involved in rose cultivation in the region, with local cooperatives established to produce products like rose-flavored bread and pure rose water, alongside tourism activities that attract photography and art enthusiasts [7] Group 2: Ecological Benefits - The roses contribute to ecological benefits by stabilizing the desert environment, with the last rose seedling planted in November 2022 marking a successful effort to combat desertification [9] - The cultivation of drought-resistant rose varieties has led to the formation of dense flower beds that effectively block wind and reduce soil erosion [9]