对桐城派的印象，逃不脱"义理、考据、辞章"的桐城文章。总觉得他们满腹经纶致力于拯救天下苍生， 何以会有"无事山中不来往"的淡漠呢？虽然道光年间，梅曾亮曾居京师为官近二十年，但他一直认为自 己是"一逆旅客耳"，辞官回乡后，潜心于古文学习创作。人生天地间，忽如远行客。梅曾亮借题画浇心 中块垒，再自然不过了。 其实，千古人心相同，人事往来琐碎劳心。进山不是躲避，而是将肉身抽离，暂时避开尘世喧嚣。走石 路，过板桥，红叶满山，身心俱放，看云看水，各自逍遥。 人有时候是需要独处的。现代人很难找到深山可居，但这份心态可以葆有。陈继儒《小窗幽记》中就有 方法："读书随处净土，闭户就是深山。"书一打开，就仿佛进入另外一个桃源世界。大门一关，一切纷 争都与我无关了。独处一室，一盏孤灯，一卷文字，就是一份逍遥。不只读书，做自己喜欢的事即可。 所谓"结庐在人境，而无车马喧"都是由心而造，身居闹市，渴望心在深山，远离世俗繁杂，无论是否关 闭了那扇有形之门，都很期待能感知到身处深山的意趣以及内心的安详，是一种在繁华中幽静的状态。 （来源：新安晚报） 转自：新安晚报 在安徽博物院观"文脉——桐城派主题文物展"，见一幅梅曾亮的行书轴，上书" ...

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the value of solitude and the benefits of being independent, suggesting that individuals who prefer solitude often lead more fulfilling and meaningful lives [4][5]. Group 1: Choosing Solitude - Individuals who choose to be alone actively avoid unnecessary conflicts and maintain a clean social circle [8][10]. - The example of Yang Jiang illustrates how one can live peacefully and focus on personal pursuits rather than engaging in public disputes or social pressures [9][11]. - Those who prefer solitude often have a clear understanding of their values and do not feel obligated to conform to social expectations [12][14]. Group 2: Maintaining Clear Social Relationships - Maturity is characterized by the ability to engage in social interactions without feeling the need to conform or seek validation from others [16][20]. - The article highlights that meaningful relationships are built on sincerity and reliability rather than superficial connections [24][26]. - Individuals who prefer solitude tend to filter out relationships that do not add value to their lives, focusing instead on genuine connections [30][32]. Group 3: Enjoying Solitude - The article discusses how solitude can lead to personal growth and a rich inner life, contrasting it with the distractions of social engagements [27][29]. - Examples of notable figures, such as Marie Curie, demonstrate how focusing on personal interests and passions can lead to significant achievements [30][32]. - The ability to enjoy one's own company is portrayed as a sign of maturity and self-sufficiency, allowing for deeper self-reflection and creativity [34][36].

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the importance of solitude in achieving self-discovery and personal fulfillment, contrasting it with the distractions of societal expectations and the pursuit of external validation [3][4][5]. Group 1 - The article discusses the three levels of solitude: anxiety and fear of abandonment, comfort in loneliness, and the highest level of finding one's true self [3][4]. - It highlights Thoreau's experiences in "Walden," illustrating his transition from a confused urban life to a fulfilling existence in nature [6][11][12]. - The narrative suggests that many people become lost in the crowd while seeking recognition and success, leading to a lack of self-awareness [8][10][21]. Group 2 - Thoreau's choice to live by Walden Pond was driven by a desire to escape social distractions and engage deeply with nature [26][30]. - The article describes Thoreau's self-sufficient lifestyle, where he cultivated his own food and found joy in solitude, contrasting it with the emptiness felt by those who seek material wealth [32][44]. - It concludes that true richness comes from simplicity and the ability to detach from societal pressures, allowing for personal growth and clarity [49][51].

Group 1 - The article discusses the increasing preference for solitude among individuals, particularly the younger generation, who now favor activities like walking in parks or simply being alone over traditional social gatherings [4][5][6] - It distinguishes between loneliness and solitude, defining loneliness as an unmet social need leading to negative emotions, while solitude is described as a state of low social demand where individuals enjoy their own company [8][15] - The article posits that enjoying solitude can be seen as a rare talent, often associated with positive traits such as intelligence and the ability to adapt to environments with less social interaction [18][20][24] Group 2 - Research indicates that individuals who prefer solitude often possess traits that allow them to thrive without constant social interaction, such as higher intelligence and problem-solving abilities [20][24] - The article references a study showing that smarter individuals report higher satisfaction when alone, suggesting that they are less affected by social pressures and can find joy in solitude [21][22] - It also highlights that the ability to enjoy solitude may correlate with a rich inner world and a preference for deep thinking, which can lead to greater personal achievements [30][34] Group 3 - The article emphasizes the importance of balance, suggesting that while solitude can be beneficial, excessive isolation can lead to feelings of loneliness [45][46] - It encourages individuals to find a suitable ratio of social interaction and solitude that works for them, as there is no one-size-fits-all solution [47][48] - Practical suggestions are provided for both those who enjoy solitude and those who prefer social interaction, aiming to help individuals discover a lifestyle that suits their personal needs [49][50]

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the importance of solitude over superficial social interactions, suggesting that true growth and self-discovery come from spending time alone rather than engaging in meaningless social activities [5][30][62]. Group 1 - The author reflects on personal experiences, highlighting that prioritizing self-development over socializing can lead to greater achievements [5][6]. - A social experiment reveals that individuals often have only a few meaningful relationships after removing superficial connections, indicating that many social interactions lack depth [8][10]. - The narrative includes examples from popular culture, such as the character Richard from "Friends," who loses sight of his ambitions due to excessive socializing [24][25]. Group 2 - The article discusses the concept of "鹤立鸡群" (a crane standing among chickens), suggesting that wise individuals avoid conforming to the crowd to prevent being stifled or assimilated [30][31]. - A personal story illustrates how excessive social obligations can hinder professional growth, leading to a realization that focusing on self-improvement is more beneficial [36][38]. - The piece references historical figures like Cézanne and Marie Curie, who achieved greatness by prioritizing their work over social engagements [44][61]. Group 3 - The article outlines three stages of solitude: initial discomfort, peaceful acceptance, and ultimately discovering one's true self [66]. - It concludes that as individuals mature, they should eliminate meaningless social interactions to achieve freedom and personal growth [66].

Group 1 - The core argument of the article revolves around the critique of elite education, highlighting that it produces intelligent individuals lacking in self-awareness and personal fulfillment [5][6][21] - The author, William Deresiewicz, emphasizes that the situation regarding elite education has worsened over the past decade, with acceptance rates at top universities like Stanford and Harvard dropping from approximately 7-8% to around 4% [6][7] - The impact of social media and the COVID-19 pandemic on students' mental health is discussed, indicating that these factors have exacerbated issues related to anxiety, loneliness, and self-worth among young people [7][8] Group 2 - Deresiewicz argues that students need unstructured time to explore their interests and passions, which is essential for developing a sense of self and understanding what is truly important to them [9][10] - The article discusses the importance of allowing young people to make choices and learn from their mistakes, suggesting that this process is crucial for personal growth and developing a deeper understanding of life [15][19] - The author critiques the current educational system for prioritizing utilitarian outcomes over meaningful experiences, which leads to a lack of fulfillment and a sense of disconnection among students [22][23] Group 3 - The discussion includes the role of humanities and liberal arts in education, arguing that these fields are vital for exploring human meaning and purpose, and should not be diminished in favor of more practical disciplines [24][26] - Deresiewicz highlights the increasing value of human skills in the age of AI, suggesting that emotional intelligence, creativity, and interpersonal skills are irreplaceable and essential for future success [25][26] - The article concludes with a call for a reevaluation of educational priorities, advocating for a balance between practical skills and the exploration of human experience and values [22][24]