【环球时报报道 记者 丁雅栀】据路透社报道，当地时间7月17日，美国商务部认定中国进口石墨存在不 公平补贴，将对从中国进口的阳极级石墨征收93.5%的初步反倾销关税，并表示最终决定将在12月5日 前公布。对此，中国外交部发言人林剑7月18日表示，中美经贸合作本质是互利共赢，希望美方切实遵 守市场经济规则，维护中美经贸关系健康稳定发展。 石墨是制造电池的关键材料。美国彭博社回顾称，去年12月，代表美国石墨生产商的行业协会"美国活 性阳极材料生产商协会"（AAAMP）向两家联邦机构提交请愿书，要求调查中国企业是否违反反倾销 法。根据AAAMP的说法，新关税将在现有税率基础上加征，使有效关税达到160%。 路透社获取的美国商务部事实清单显示，对所有中国生产商统一适用93.5%的反倾销税率及现金保证金 率。该政策涉及2023年价值3.471亿美元的进口产品，适用于碳含量按重量计最低纯度不低于90%的阳 极级石墨材料，包括人造石墨、天然石墨或两者混合物。 此前，美国商务部5月20日在针对中国阳极级石墨材料开展的另一项平行的反补贴调查中，已初步裁定 两家中国企业未充分配合调查，依据"不利推定事实"推断补贴率超过700%， ...

Core Viewpoint - CATL plans to introduce its battery swapping and recycling technology in Europe to ensure a more sustainable electric vehicle supply chain [1][5] Group 1: Battery Swapping Technology - CATL's battery swapping technology is seen as having "huge potential" in Europe, making batteries cheaper and more durable [1] - Prior to CATL, companies like NIO have already introduced battery swapping stations in Europe, operating 60 stations across Germany, the Netherlands, Norway, Sweden, and Denmark [3] - The expansion of battery swapping stations outside China has been slow due to high construction and operational costs [3] Group 2: Expansion Plans - CATL aims to build 1,000 battery swapping stations in China by the end of this year and plans to construct 10,000 stations within three years [3] - The company has signed agreements with several truck manufacturers as part of its strategy to diversify revenue sources [5] - CATL plans to establish up to 300 battery swapping stations along major freight routes in China, covering 80% of key freight roads [5] Group 3: International Collaboration and Challenges - CATL has discussed the use of battery swapping technology with automotive manufacturers in Europe [5] - The European Commission is increasing pressure on Chinese companies entering the EU automotive market, requiring joint ventures or technology transfers [5] - CATL has previously licensed its battery production technology to Ford and Tesla and established a joint venture with Stellantis to build a €4.1 billion lithium battery factory in Spain [5] Group 4: Recycling Initiatives - CATL collaborates with the Ellen MacArthur Foundation to promote circular economy initiatives [8] - The company claims a 100% recovery rate for key battery minerals like nickel, cobalt, and manganese through its acquisition of a battery recycling group [8] - Battery swapping technology will facilitate easier battery recycling by allowing centralized collection at swapping stations [8] Group 5: Regulatory and Cost Considerations - CATL aims to bring its battery recycling technology to Europe but acknowledges that stricter regulations and higher costs may hinder profitability in the region [8]