补能慢、等待长，直接影响车辆的商业化可行性，成为制约电动重卡大规模推广的主要瓶颈。 重型卡车（以下简称"重卡"）虽仅占车辆总数的3%，却消耗了道路燃油的54%，是交通领域降碳的关键环节。推动重卡电动化，已成 为实现"双碳"目标、优化能源结构、提升物流效率的必由之路。 近年来，我国新能源汽车产业快速发展，新能源乘用车已在城市出行中普及，但在商用车特别是电动重卡领域，受制于补能效率和配套 设施建设，发展速度相对滞后。电动重卡不仅需要匹配大容量电池，更对充电速度和运营效率提出更高要求。补能慢、等待长，直接影 响车辆的商业化可行性，成为制约电动重卡大规模推广的主要瓶颈。 为破解这一难题，产业上下游正积极探索新方案。今年7月，国家发展改革委、国家能源局等四部门联合发布《关于促进大功率充电设 施科学规划建设的通知》，明确提出要打造一批具有示范作用的大功率充电应用城市与高速走廊，为重卡补能提供有力支撑。与此同 时，企业端也在持续推进技术攻关。作为数字能源领域的重要力量，华为在兆瓦级超充技术上率先取得突破，旨在为重卡用户带来"类 加油"体验，加速推动物流运输的绿色低碳转型。 上述背景下，针对当前行业关注的痛点与突破路径，《中 ...

Group 1: Core Insights - The electric heavy truck market is experiencing a significant breakthrough with a penetration rate exceeding 20%, driven by advancements in battery technology and charging solutions [2] - Two key paths to alleviate charging anxiety are battery swapping and ultra-fast charging technologies, which are becoming focal points in the industry [2][6] - Major companies like BYD and Huawei are heavily investing in ultra-fast charging, while CATL is promoting battery swapping, indicating a competitive landscape [2][3] Group 2: Ultra-Fast Charging Developments - Ultra-fast charging technology enhances convenience and operational economics for electric heavy trucks, potentially resolving the "electricity for mileage" dilemma [3] - Companies across the supply chain, including CATL and BYD, are making strides in ultra-fast charging, with CATL launching specialized charging batteries for heavy trucks [3][4] - Huawei has introduced various ultra-fast charging solutions and formed alliances with multiple truck manufacturers to develop over 30 vehicle models and establish more than 100 ultra-fast charging logistics routes [4] Group 3: Policy Support and Infrastructure - The expansion of ultra-fast charging networks is receiving policy support, with the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology prioritizing commercial vehicle ultra-fast charging in its 2025 standards [5] - Local governments are actively constructing ultra-fast charging infrastructure in cities like Beijing and Shenzhen to meet the rapid charging needs of heavy trucks [5] Group 4: Battery Swapping Model - The battery swapping model is gaining traction as a solution to the challenges faced by electric heavy trucks, with a focus on efficiency and user experience [6] - The average time for a battery swap is 5 to 8 minutes, comparable to refueling a traditional vehicle, which is crucial for the operational efficiency of electric heavy trucks [7] - In the first five months of this year, domestic battery-swapped heavy truck sales reached 19,400 units, a 139% year-on-year increase, accounting for 32.46% of pure electric heavy truck sales [7] Group 5: Standardization and Ecosystem Development - CATL has introduced a standardized battery for heavy truck swapping and is collaborating with multiple manufacturers to create compatible models, addressing the standardization challenge [8] - The company plans to establish a nationwide battery swapping network, aiming to cover 80% of trunk logistics by 2030 [8] - The battery swapping model is supported by policies that aim to reduce construction costs and encourage participation in infrastructure development [9] Group 6: Future of Charging and Swapping - The industry is expected to see both ultra-fast charging and battery swapping coexist, with each method having its advantages depending on the operational scenario [10] - Long-term, both methods may evolve towards collaborative development, breaking down barriers between technologies and fostering a comprehensive charging and swapping ecosystem [10][11] - The future of electric heavy truck charging will rely on efficiency, scenario adaptation, and collaborative ecosystem development among manufacturers, battery producers, and service providers [11]

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the evolving landscape of electric heavy-duty truck charging solutions, highlighting the competition and integration between battery swapping and ultra-fast charging technologies as the industry adapts to increasing sales and technological advancements in the sector [1][6][10]. Charging Solutions - Battery swapping and ultra-fast charging are the two main methods supporting the penetration of electric heavy-duty trucks, with companies like CATL and BYD leading the development of fast-charging batteries and systems [1][6]. - CATL has introduced a "75 standard battery swap module" and signed contracts for battery swap stations, indicating a strategic move to integrate multiple energy supply solutions for heavy-duty trucks [1][12]. - The sales of charging heavy-duty trucks have significantly outpaced battery-swapped trucks, with over 40,000 units sold in the first five months of 2025, more than double the sales of battery-swapped trucks [7][8]. Ultra-Fast Charging Developments - Companies are launching high-power ultra-fast charging solutions, such as a 1.6MW product from Qiyuan Xindong, which can charge up to 260 kWh in 15 minutes, providing a range of nearly 200 kilometers [2][8]. - Huawei's ultra-fast charging solution can reach up to 1.5MW, while other companies like Star Charge and Telai Electric are also developing their own ultra-fast charging technologies [8][9]. - The construction cost for a megawatt-level charging station is approximately 4.5 million yuan, with the potential for compatibility with various vehicle types, thus reducing overall costs [8]. Industry Trends and Future Outlook - The article notes that the high upfront costs of battery swap stations may hinder widespread adoption, but the rapid growth in electric heavy-duty truck sales is driving changes in charging technology and infrastructure [6][11]. - The integration of charging and battery swapping solutions is seen as a potential future trend, with companies exploring hybrid models that combine both methods to enhance efficiency and sustainability [10][12]. - The collaboration between major players, such as CATL and Sinopec, aims to establish a nationwide battery swap network, with plans to build at least 500 swap stations this year and expand to 10,000 in the long term [12].