国务院日前印发《关于深入实施"人工智能+"行动的意见》（以下简称《意见》），提出加快实施六大 重点行动。 《每日经济新闻》记者了解到，《意见》有多个亮点，包括首次提出第一、二、三产业全要素智能化转 型发展路径，首次布局智能原生新模式新业态，首次提出"人工智能+"全球合作模式，将哲学社会科学 研究方法创造性引入科学智能范畴。 与以往人工智能相关文件相比，此次《意见》有何特殊考虑？设置的2027年、2030年、2035年三阶段目 标，分别释放了哪些信号？相比其他国家，我国发展"人工智能+"核心优势有哪些？ 围绕上述问题，记者采访了上海人工智能实验室主任、首席科学家周伯文，国家信息中心大数据部人工 智能处处长刘枝。 周伯文长期从事人工智能国际前沿基础理论研究、技术创新、人才培养及大规模产业化应用研究，曾获 我国智能科学最高奖"吴文俊人工智能杰出贡献奖"。刘枝则全程参与《意见》的起草。 人工智能与实体经济深度融合处于关键机遇期 从2015年《政府工作报告》首提要制定"互联网+"行动计划，到2025年提出深入实施"人工智能+"行动， 中国为何会出现这"十年之变"？核心驱动力是什么？ 周伯文解释称，当前，人工智能与实体经 ...

Core Insights - The 21st CCF National High-Performance Computing Academic Conference was held in Ordos, focusing on the theme "Green Computing, Super Intelligence Integration" to explore pathways for high-quality development in high-performance computing [1] - The conference highlighted the unprecedented horizontal breakthroughs in high-performance computing research and industry expansion, emphasizing the need for collaborative sharing and integration of resources [1][2] Industry Developments - The establishment of the High-Throughput Ethernet Alliance by Alibaba Cloud and the Chinese Academy of Sciences aims to promote standardization and create an open ecosystem for intelligent computing scenarios [1] - The release of the industry standard "Super Intelligence Integration Cluster Capability Requirements" addresses common issues such as cross-vendor compatibility and cluster collaboration efficiency [2] Technological Innovations - The conference showcased significant advancements in domestic chip development, including 400G network card chips and 25.6G switch chips, essential for building intelligent computing center networks [1] - The introduction of new protocols and technologies, such as the UPN ultra-performance network, aims to create a new type of highly decoupled and ultra-performance network based on Ethernet and optical technology [1] Challenges and Opportunities - The integration of AI and high-performance computing is transforming scientific research paradigms, with challenges in model complexity, computational demands, and data management [4][5] - The call for a new generation of domestic supercomputing systems emphasizes extreme performance, energy efficiency, and autonomous control, aiming to break down multi-level heterogeneous barriers [5] Future Directions - The need for optimized system architecture and collaborative innovation between software and hardware is crucial for enhancing computational performance [7][8] - The development of intelligent solvers that can automatically adapt to application scenarios and machine characteristics is highlighted as a key trend for improving efficiency in scientific and industrial applications [8] User Perspectives - Users face challenges in accessing efficient and reliable computing services for large model training and inference, including high costs and complex operational processes [9] - Service providers are encouraged to focus on user needs and offer diverse computing solutions tailored to specific application characteristics [9]

Group 1 - The Shanghai government has issued a document titled "Several Opinions on Further Deepening Reform and Innovation to Accelerate the High-Quality Development of the Science and Technology Service Industry," focusing on strengthening main entities, supplementing chains, and reforming mechanisms to support the development of new quality productivity [1] - The science and technology service industry is characterized by high talent density, high technological content, significant industrial added value, and strong radiation and driving effects, providing services such as technology research and development, achievement transformation, and consulting training to support the deep integration of technological and industrial innovation [1] - The document proposes to explore the pilot "Scientific Data Bank" model, establish a data sharing mechanism between universities and research institutions, and promote the classified and graded opening of public data [1] Group 2 - The Shanghai National Engineering Research Center for Biochips is expected to be a pioneer in this model, with a biobank that has a total storage capacity of over 15 million samples [2] - The center plans to adopt a data-driven strategy based on the advantages of the Shanghai biobank in terms of sample quantity, variety, and distribution, exploring a new paradigm of "data-driven biobank" [2] - The document emphasizes the establishment of a systematic layout mechanism combining "future industry funds + high-quality incubators + concept verification centers + agglomeration areas" to enhance the role of concept verification in future industry development [2] Group 3 - To strengthen the "dual verification" function, the Shanghai Science and Technology Commission is developing a high-quality concept verification platform construction plan [3] - The plan encourages universities and research institutions to build early achievement pools and establish flexible screening mechanisms to promote a "seed" list of potential commercial value [3] - The document also proposes to include science and technology service enterprises in the "Shanghai Science Special Loan" and "Shanghai Science Special Discount" support scope to reduce loan costs for enterprises [3]

Group 1 - General Secretary Xi Jinping affirmed Shanghai's effective development of artificial intelligence (AI) during his visit, emphasizing the rapid iteration and explosive growth of AI technology, and encouraging Shanghai to leverage successful experiences in AI ecosystem development [1] - Shanghai's higher education institutions are increasingly confident and proactive in AI development, with numerous AI research institutions emerging and interdisciplinary AI programs gaining traction [1] Group 2 - The Shanghai Municipal Education Commission highlighted the need for deeper talent cultivation reforms and research paradigm changes to keep pace with the rapid technological revolution led by AI, advocating for tailored reforms in universities to align with economic and industrial needs [2] - Shanghai Jiao Tong University aims to align its academic focus with national strategic needs, utilizing AI as a key to overcoming critical challenges and fostering interdisciplinary integration [2] - East China Normal University plans to enhance its academic offerings in response to national strategic demands, focusing on emerging fields like quantum science and technology, while promoting AI integration across all disciplines [2] Group 3 - Shanghai University of Technology is committed to implementing AI in educational reforms, aiming to cultivate top engineering talents through a comprehensive approach that includes curriculum design and international collaboration [3] - Tongji University is establishing several research institutes focused on future disciplines, driven by AI and technology innovation, to enhance its status as a world-class university [4] - Fudan University is strategically developing new engineering innovation colleges to foster original innovation capabilities in technology talent, aligning with national strategic needs [4] Group 4 - Shanghai Second Polytechnic University recently established an AI research institute, marking a significant step in its AI research and development efforts, with a comprehensive curriculum that integrates AI across all undergraduate programs [5] - AI is recognized as a crucial engine for upgrading traditional engineering technologies, with applications in complex environments such as shield tunneling, enhancing risk management and automation [7] - Shanghai is actively promoting AI's role in reshaping higher education and is designated as a pilot area for national AI talent cultivation reforms, fostering an environment for innovative research practices [7]