【环球时报特约记者 王逸】"英国最负盛名的科研机构候任会长称，与中国相比，英国的大学'越来越 像第三世界水平'。"英国《泰晤士报》5日报道称，即将第二次担任英国皇家学会会长的保罗·纳斯呼吁 英国与中国保持密切的科研合作，"如今，如果你去参观中国那些不断发展的科学城，会发现它们令人 叹为观止"。 报道称，这位76岁的诺贝尔生理学或医学奖得主表示，中国正在大力进行科研投入，而英国和美国的科 学家却面临经费紧张的问题，尤其是在美国某些领域，其研究还受到政治因素的限制。纳斯对英国科研 经费状况发出警告，称政府对科研的直接投入仅占国内生产总值（GDP）的约0.5%，使英国在经合组 织成员国中的排名仅处于中下游水平。他还提到，英国科学家受到诸多制约：行政支持不足、技术基础 设施投资缺失，以及科研经费以小额、僵化的项目包形式发放。 对于上述问题，身为英国顶尖科学家的纳斯认为，"中国认为科学将推动其经济发展，英国和中国的这 种思维差异简直天差地别"。 2023年，纳斯牵头开展了一项评估，结论认为英国的科研生态"脆弱、岌岌可危，急需改革"。《泰晤士 报》称，相比之下，中国的专注已经开始带来回报，因为在纳斯发布评估报告的同年，中 ...

Core Viewpoint - The incident involving the former "chief scientist" Guo at Jiangsu University highlights significant issues of academic integrity and the need for rigorous verification processes in academic institutions [1][2][3] Group 1: Academic Integrity - The investigation revealed serious academic misconduct by Guo, leading to the termination of his employment agreement [1] - The case raises questions about how individuals with questionable credentials can attain high-ranking positions such as "chief scientist" [2] - The university acknowledged shortcomings in the verification process during Guo's recruitment and pledged to hold accountable those responsible [2] Group 2: Recruitment Practices - Many universities have implemented various talent recruitment programs with attractive conditions, but some have deviated from assessing true capabilities by focusing on superficial metrics like titles and publications [3] - There is a call for more rigorous processes to identify and eliminate individuals who do not possess genuine academic qualifications [3] - A healthy research ecosystem is essential for fostering innovation, emphasizing the importance of truthfulness in scientific inquiry [3]

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the need to reform the current scientific evaluation system that overly relies on academic titles, referred to as "hats," and advocates for a more innovative and contribution-oriented approach to resource allocation in research [1][2][3]. Group 1: Current Issues in Scientific Evaluation - The term "hats" refers to various talent plans and academic titles in the scientific field, which significantly influence the distribution of research resources [1]. - There is a growing concern among researchers about the pressure and anxiety caused by the competition for "hats," which detracts from genuine scientific inquiry [1][3]. Group 2: Government and Institutional Responses - The government has recognized the issue by including "hat governance" in this year's work report, indicating a commitment to curbing the trend of prioritizing titles over actual contributions [2]. - The National Natural Science Foundation has eliminated terms like "杰青" and "优青," reflecting a clear stance on diminishing the importance of "hats" [2]. Group 3: Proposed Solutions for Improvement - To create a better research environment, it is essential to abandon the "hat-based" evaluation mechanism and return to recognizing academic honors based on merit [3]. - Institutions like Tsinghua University have initiated projects that support researchers without considering their titles, allowing them to focus on significant scientific contributions [3]. - A more nuanced evaluation system should be established, tailored to different roles and disciplines, emphasizing innovation and actual contributions [3][4]. Group 4: Future Directions for Evaluation Standards - The new evaluation standards should be diverse, scientifically sound, operationally feasible, and fair, with an emphasis on peer review and clear criteria for assessing significant contributions [4]. - The article advocates for a scientific talent evaluation system that fosters efficient resource flow, fair competition, and vibrant innovation, ensuring that every researcher can maintain their original aspirations [4].

Core Viewpoint - The article highlights the breakthrough of the Chinese brand HiPapa in sunscreen technology, which has been recognized by the prestigious journal Nano-Micro Letters with an impact factor of 36.3, marking a significant advancement in the field of sunscreen over the past two decades [3][27][29]. Group 1: Breakthrough Technology - HiPapa's innovative sunscreen technology utilizes mobile phone materials, potentially redefining the sunscreen industry [4][20]. - The research addresses long-standing issues in traditional sunscreen technology, which has struggled to balance protection, safety, and skin feel [10][11]. - The new two-dimensional titanium dioxide (2D TiO₂) structure allows for effective UV protection while minimizing skin penetration and reducing the generation of harmful free radicals [19][17]. Group 2: Industry Context - Traditional sunscreen technologies, dominated by Western standards, have not adequately resolved the "protection, safety, and skin feel" triangle, forcing consumers to compromise [10][11]. - The breakthrough technology from HiPapa is seen as a solution to these long-standing challenges, offering a new direction for global sunscreen research and development [23][29]. Group 3: Academic Recognition - The publication of HiPapa's research in Nano-Micro Letters signifies a major academic endorsement, establishing the credibility of Chinese sunscreen technology on a global scale [27][28]. - The journal is recognized as a leading publication in materials science, further validating the significance of HiPapa's findings [28]. Group 4: Market Strategy - HiPapa has secured 29 special certifications for its sunscreen products, ensuring compliance with rigorous efficacy and safety tests [31]. - The company is actively involved in establishing industry standards, having proposed eight beauty group standards to address gaps in the market [31][32]. - HiPapa's approach combines academic advantages with practical market applications, aiming to build a comprehensive authority in the sunscreen sector [32]. Group 5: Research Ecosystem - HiPapa has developed a "SCIENCE-LED" research and development system that integrates scientific theory, cutting-edge research, and strict validation processes [35][36]. - Collaborations with top research institutions enhance the company's innovation capabilities, ensuring the scientific validity and market applicability of its products [37]. - The focus on cross-industry technology transfer, particularly from mobile technology to skincare, exemplifies a strategic shift in product development [38][39].

Core Insights - The article discusses the relationship between employee sleep and corporate innovation, highlighting that insufficient sleep negatively impacts patent output and overall productivity, particularly in research-oriented companies [1][2]. Group 1: Impact of Sleep on Innovation - Research indicates that a decrease in average sleep time by about half an hour significantly affects patent output, especially for novel and breakthrough patents [1][2]. - The study emphasizes that sleep deprivation leads to a reduction in both idea generation and refinement, ultimately resulting in decreased innovation within companies [1][2]. Group 2: Current Work Trends in China - Data from the National Bureau of Statistics shows that the average weekly working hours for employees in China reached 49 hours, the highest in recent years, which limits available time for sleep [3][4]. - The increasing pressure from key performance indicators in the tech sector forces employees to sacrifice necessary rest, leading to a state of overall fatigue that hampers creativity and innovation [4]. Group 3: Consequences of Sleep Deprivation - The article notes a concerning trend in the average age of deceased scientists, which has dropped from 44.8 years to 41 years over a short period, with many suffering from severe sleep deprivation [3]. - Long-term sleep deprivation is linked to serious health risks, including cognitive decline comparable to alcohol intoxication, and is identified as a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease [2][4]. Group 4: Recommendations for Improvement - The article suggests that addressing sleep issues is urgent, advocating for a "slow down" approach in the tech community to foster a sustainable research ecosystem [5]. - It emphasizes the need for better management practices that protect researchers' time and well-being, rather than solely focusing on output metrics [5].

Group 1 - The core issue highlighted is the prevalence of academic misconduct, exemplified by a recent absurd paper published by a nurse from Shandong University Qilu Hospital, which incorrectly reported uterine fibroids in male patients [1] - The article discusses the negative impact of such bizarre papers on fair competition, academic integrity, and scientific progress, emphasizing that despite efforts to combat academic fraud, some issues remain persistent and increasingly covert [1][2] - New forms of academic fraud are emerging, including the use of photo editing to fabricate data, plagiarism, and the rise of "paper mills" that produce large volumes of similar research outputs, undermining the quality of academic work [1][2] Group 2 - The article points out that the root causes of academic misconduct include a narrow evaluation system that ties publication to career advancement, leading to a culture of impatience and superficiality in research [2] - It suggests that to foster a fair and innovative research environment, there should be a shift towards a more diversified evaluation system that values practical skills, especially for roles like nursing [2] - Recommendations include implementing dynamic supervision, establishing an industry blacklist to prevent favoritism in academic publishing, and clarifying definitions of academic misconduct to enhance accountability [2] Group 3 - The importance of research integrity is emphasized as the lifeblood of academia, with a call for a culture that values genuine scholarship over superficial achievements [3] - A balanced evaluation system is necessary to create a positive academic atmosphere that supports innovation and integrity [3]