论文一旦涉及撤稿，几乎都会被贴上"学术不端"的嫌疑标签，国际上也有学者宁可发布更正说明也不愿 撤稿，很多学者还将论文撤稿与职业生涯紧密关联。毕竟在现实中，撤稿记录确实会被标注为"学术污 点"，影响后续的晋升、项目申请等学术评价环节。 撤稿能撤回的只是论文，"撤不回"的是负面影响。近年来，国际期刊上中国学者的撤稿声明中，不仅出 现成果存在"实质性重叠"的情况，甚至还发生过4篇不同学者论文使用同一把有划痕钢尺作为实验素材 的荒诞事件。在功利心作祟下，学术不端引发的论文撤稿，不仅损害学术严肃性、破坏创新土壤，还会 降低我国科学界的国际声誉。 面对学术不端撤稿带来的信誉损耗与行业乱象，一场靶向精准的专项整治行动应声启动。在前不久开展 的学术不端撤稿论文专项整治行动中，重点聚焦中国学者在自然科学领域国际期刊的撤稿论文。科技部 官方网站公开信息显示，对涉嫌抄袭剽窃、虚构伪造数据等学术不端行为，将加大惩戒力度；对严重科 研失信行为，将依法依规记入科研诚信严重失信行为数据库。 值得注意的是，撤稿从来都不是非黑即白的"道德判断题"，而是需要辩证看待的"科学纠偏题"。有学者 表示，撤稿本是中性行为，有"诚实的错误"和"明确的科研 ...

摘要 ： 日前，科技部通报科研诚信典型案例，引发社会广泛关注。为强化科研诚信警示教育，现结合典 型案例通报相关情况，望学校科研工作者引以为戒。 特别提示 微信机制调整，点击顶部"仪器信息网" → 右上方"…" → 设为 ★ 星标，否则很可能无法看到我 们的推送。 张某某的行为违反了国家科技计划项目申报要求和科研诚信相关规定。依据《科学技术活动违 规行为处理暂行规定》《科研失信行为调查处理规则》等， 禁止张某某3年内承担或参与财政 性资金支持的科学技术活动并记入科研诚信严重失信行为数据库。 赵某在项目申报中抄袭问题 2023年6月，某大学赵某作为项目负责人申报了2023年国家重点研发计划项目。经查，其申 报书在 主要指标、研究内容、研究方法和主要创新点 等方面抄袭了其他已立项项目内容。科 技部已依规终止了该项目评审程序，该项目未获资助。 赵某的行为违反了国家科技计划项目申报要求和科研诚信相关规定。依据《科学技术活动违规 行为处理暂行规定》《科研失信行为调查处理规则》等， 禁止赵某3年内承担或参与财政性资 金支持的科学技术活动并记入科研诚信严重失信行为数据库。 张某在项目申报中抄袭问题 2023 年 8 月 ， ...

萨宾娜：我认为，科研过程中生成式AI的使用程度正与日俱增。目前，我们主要靠作者的"自我声明"。 《柳叶刀》系列期刊的投稿页面新设了一个复选框，询问作者是否在其研究成果的任何部分中使用了生 成式AI。如果作者选择了"是"，我们会要求他们详细说明具体使用的大语言模型的名称、版本、确切提 示词、使用目的以及在文章手稿中的位置，并会将这些信息与论文一同发表。文章手稿的致谢部分也要 披露这部分信息。 为确保对编辑、审稿人和读者的透明度，作者必须恰当声明生成式AI的使用情况，并对其作品的原创 性、准确性和完整性负最终责任，否则编辑可能因其不当使用AI而拒稿。 记者：这个方法效果怎样？ 萨宾娜：这是一个很大的问题。回顾过去，我们发现只有7%的作者表示，在其投稿的研究中使用过生 成式AI。这与一些关于生成式AI使用的调查结果大相径庭——调查中超过50%的用户表示有使用生成式 AI。显然，我们确实发现很多作者没有准确披露他们使用了生成式AI。 人工智能（AI）已全面渗透到科研活动的各个环节。在提升效率的同时，AI也催生了代写论文、伪造 数据乃至隐性的"思想抄袭"等新型学术不端行为，其手法日益隐蔽，给学术诚信带来全新挑战。科技期 ...

记者：对于AI引发的新型科研不端问题，如同行评审、数据核查等传统的科研诚信评估方法，可 能面临失效的风险。科技期刊该如何发挥"守门人"的作用？ 人工智能（AI）已全面渗透到科研活动的各个环节。在提升效率的同时，AI也催生了代写论文、 伪造数据乃至隐性的"思想抄袭"等新型学术不端行为，其手法日益隐蔽，给学术诚信带来全新挑战。科 技期刊应该如何甄别、应对和防范？近日，科技日报记者与《柳叶刀》副主编萨宾娜·克莱纳特（Sabine Kleinert）就此进行了对话。 萨宾娜：我认为，科研过程中生成式AI的使用程度正与日俱增。目前，我们主要靠作者的"自我声 明"。《柳叶刀》系列期刊的投稿页面新设了一个复选框，询问作者是否在其研究成果的任何部分中使 用了生成式AI。如果作者选择了"是"，我们会要求他们详细说明具体使用的大语言模型的名称、版本、 确切提示词、使用目的以及在文章手稿中的位置，并会将这些信息与论文一同发表。文章手稿的致谢部 分也要披露这部分信息。 此外，还有一类情况。我们会拒收没有任何实质内容的通讯投稿。每天我们都能看到约5篇明显由 生成式AI写的这类稿件，内容非常套路、毫无新意，完全没有实质性科学发现。 为确 ...

Core Insights - The report highlights the significant role of AI in transforming research practices and the growing awareness among Chinese researchers regarding the practical application and societal impact of their work [1][3] Group 1: AI in Research - 58% of researchers globally are currently using AI tools in their research, a notable increase from 37% in 2024 [3] - Chinese researchers exhibit a much higher confidence in AI's value in research processes compared to their counterparts in the US and UK, with 68% believing AI tools provide more options [6] - Concerns about the ethicality and reliability of AI tools persist, with only 23% of researchers believing the development process of current AI tools is ethical [6] Group 2: Research Funding and Pressure - Only 45% of researchers feel they have enough time for research, and only 33% expect an increase in research funding in the next two to three years, with North American and European researchers being particularly pessimistic [3] - 68% of respondents feel the pressure to publish has increased compared to two to three years ago, yet 74% maintain that peer-reviewed research is trustworthy [3] Group 3: International Mobility and Collaboration - 29% of researchers are considering moving abroad for work in the next two to three years, but the overall willingness to relocate has decreased since 2022 [7] - 63% of researchers believe that collaboration in their fields has become more frequent, with the Asia-Pacific region showing the most positive sentiment [7] - 44% of Chinese researchers are optimistic about funding growth in their fields, the highest among global respondents [7]

全球已有58%的科研人员在科研中使用AI工具 在全球科研压力逐渐上升的背景下，科研人员普遍反映科研时间被行政事务、教学任务和经费不确定性所侵蚀，发表压力、时间不足与职业发展焦虑等挑战 加剧。 报告还显示，中国科研人员展现出显著的产业导向和成果转化意识，他们更关注科研成果的实际应用价值与社会影响。同时，中国科研人员对人工智能在科 研中的作用持务实而积极的态度，普遍认可其带来的效率与创新潜力，并对未来更深层次的AI融合充满信心。 另外，在对AI应用的看法方面，报告称目前全球已有58%的科研人员在科研中使用AI工具，这一比例较2024年的37%显著提升。然而，科研人员对机构层面 的AI使用规范与治理机制仍存顾虑，仅32%认为所属机构具备完善的AI治理体系，且仅27%感到自己接受了足够的AI使用培训，显示制度建设与能力建设亟 需跟上技术演进的步伐。 中国科研人员展现出远高于欧美的信心。68%的受访中国科研人员认为AI工具让他们拥有更多选择，而在美国和英国，这一比例仅为29%和26%。当被问及 AI是否能赋能科研时，64%的中国研究者表示认同，而美国和英国的比例仅为25%和24%。 在提升科研效能方面，中国科研人员的积 ...

Group 1 - The U.S. stock market saw all three major indices rise, with the Dow Jones up 0.67%, S&P 500 up 0.69%, and Nasdaq up 0.82% [4] - Major tech stocks mostly increased, with Oracle rising over 4%, AMD over 3%, and other notable gains from Nvidia, Tesla, Netflix, and Microsoft [4] - The U.S. economy is reportedly experiencing stagnation, with manufacturing and retail sectors facing cost pressures due to tariffs, impacting consumer decisions [4] Group 2 - European stock indices collectively rose, with the Euro Stoxx 50 up 1.50%, FTSE 100 up 0.89%, CAC 40 up 0.88%, DAX 30 up 1.19%, and FTSE MIB up 1.01% [5] Group 3 - The Hong Kong fire incident resulted in at least 36 fatalities and 279 missing, with the situation now under control [6] - The Hong Kong government is investigating the fire for potential criminal activity [6] Group 4 - The Chinese Ministry of Commerce held a video conference with the EU regarding semiconductor trade issues, emphasizing the need for constructive solutions from the Netherlands [7] Group 5 - A joint announcement from six Chinese departments aims to enhance consumer goods supply-demand adaptability, targeting significant improvements by 2027 and 2030 [8] Group 6 - Xiaomi Group repurchased 7.5 million shares for over 300 million HKD, marking its fourth buyback this month, totaling 31.5 million shares and over 1.2 billion HKD [18] - Ideal Auto reported Q3 revenue of 27.4 billion CNY, maintaining a leading position among new energy vehicle manufacturers [19] Group 7 - Vanke's bond meeting indicates potential extension of bond repayment, reflecting the company's debt pressure [17] - The departure of a prominent analyst from GF Securities highlights significant changes in the brokerage industry amid competitive pressures [20] Group 8 - Tesla's VP clarified that the company's supply chain strategy does not exclude Chinese components, with over 95% localization for parts produced in Shanghai [26] - Meta faces scrutiny from Italian antitrust authorities for potentially abusing market dominance through WhatsApp [28]

Group 1 - China's Ministry of Foreign Affairs issued a letter to UN Secretary-General António Guterres, warning that if Japan dares to intervene militarily in the Taiwan Strait, China will exercise its right to self-defense [1] - During the 14th Five-Year Plan period, significant progress has been made in air pollution prevention and control in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region [1] - The electronic savings bonds will be included in the personal pension product range [1] Group 2 - The global largest "Hualong One" nuclear power base has successfully connected its second unit to the grid [3] - The Hong Kong Education Bureau confirmed the cancellation of a student-teacher delegation's exchange trip to Japan [3] - The U.S. Federal Aviation Administration issued a safety warning for Venezuelan airspace, advising civil aircraft to remain vigilant [3] Group 3 - A total of 33.78 billion tons of goods were transported by national railways in the first ten months, setting a historical record for the same period [1]

Core Viewpoint - The emergence of artificial intelligence (AI) has led to new challenges in research integrity, including issues like "AI ghostwriting," "data embellishment," and "ghost authorship," which are critical for the healthy development of scientific endeavors [1][2]. Group 1: AI's Impact on Research Integrity - AI has significantly enhanced efficiency in knowledge acquisition, data analysis, and academic writing, but it has also fundamentally changed the composition of academic activities, leading to issues such as blurred contribution definitions, lack of transparency in research processes, and decreased interpretability of results [1][2]. - The rapid development of AI detection technologies has not kept pace with AI generation technologies, making traditional plagiarism detection methods less effective and allowing research misconduct to become more concealed and complex [1][2]. Group 2: New Challenges and Concerns - The application of generative AI has lowered the cost of academic fraud and increased the difficulty of detecting such actions due to the high quality of content generated by large language models [2]. - AI's involvement has blurred the boundaries of responsibility, raising questions about whether errors generated by AI should be considered "honest mistakes" or attributed to the user, and whether AI can be regarded as an author or co-author [2]. - There are concerns that AI-generated content could contaminate the human knowledge system, as evidenced by cases where fabricated "scientific news" has misled the public and undermined the credibility of knowledge [2]. Group 3: Recommendations for Addressing Challenges - A systematic and comprehensive approach is necessary to embrace technological innovation while firmly upholding research integrity, including deepening theoretical discussions and case studies to clarify AI's impact on research integrity [3]. - There is a need for comprehensive education on scientific ethics and AI skills training to guide researchers in the responsible use of AI tools [3]. - It is essential to build a governance system for scientific ethics that adapts to the AI era through global consensus and collaboration [3].

Core Points - The Chinese Association for Science and Technology (CAST) has revoked awards from five individuals due to violations of academic integrity and misconduct, signaling a strong stance against unethical practices in the scientific community [1][2] - The actions taken by CAST aim to uphold academic integrity, which is essential for the development of a strong scientific nation, and to prevent a negative impact on young researchers [1][2] Group 1 - The revoked awards include the China Youth Science and Technology Award, which is significant for recognizing both academic ability and ethical standards in research [1] - The individuals involved engaged in various unethical behaviors, such as soliciting favors during project applications and leaking confidential information, which undermines the integrity of the research environment [1][2] - The announcement emphasizes the need for strict measures against academic misconduct to maintain a healthy research ecosystem and to protect dedicated researchers [1][2] Group 2 - CAST has established a permanent ban on individuals with serious academic misconduct from participating in its awards or talent programs, reinforcing the importance of accountability [2] - The initiative to combat academic misconduct is a collective responsibility across the scientific community, requiring collaboration among various departments and organizations [2] - The revocation of awards is part of a broader effort involving multiple agencies, including the Ministry of Science and Technology and the Natural Science Foundation, to address and document serious breaches of research integrity [2]