1. Report Industry Investment Rating No relevant content provided. 2. Core Viewpoints - The current market has witnessed significant selling of US Treasuries, mainly by global central banks and hedge funds. China and Japan have been reducing their US Treasury holdings, while the UK has been increasing its holdings. The short - term sharp decline in US Treasuries is mainly due to the liquidation and selling by basis - trading related institutions. Hedge fund liquidation can trigger a spiral decline. [3][7] - In 2025, the US has a large debt repayment pressure in the second quarter. The total unpaid debt in 2025 has increased by 4.68% ($1.61 trillion) compared to 2024, with about $6 trillion of debt maturing from April to June, increasing debt risks. [4][21] - In the short term, US Treasury yields may remain high, and liquidity risks need to be vigilant. In the long term, as the impact of tariffs on the economy becomes more apparent, the US economy faces a risk of recession, and with the Fed's interest - rate cut cycle, US Treasuries are expected to strengthen. The 10Y US Treasury yield is expected to fluctuate between 4% - 5% in the short term and may decline to below 4% in the long term. [4][31] 3. Summary by Directory 3.1 Recent Sellers of US Treasuries - In the past week (April 4 - 11), US Treasuries fell significantly, and yields climbed. The 10Y US Treasury yield rose by a maximum of 47bp to 4.48% within the week, while the 2Y/1Y yields rose by a maximum of 28/18bp. [8] - Among the major US Treasury - holding countries, China and Japan have been reducing their holdings since 2018 and 2021 respectively. In 2024, China and Japan reduced their holdings by $572.9 billion and $554.4 billion respectively. The UK has been increasing its holdings since 2016 and is about to overtake China as the second - largest holder. In 2024, the UK increased its holdings by $342.0 billion. Some financial institutions, such as Japan's Norinchukin Financial Group, sold US Treasuries due to liquidity problems. [9] - The short - term sharp decline in US Treasuries is mainly due to the liquidation and selling by basis - trading related institutions. Hedge funds hold US Treasury spot in basis trading. When US Treasury yields rise sharply in the short term, losses in spot positions can trigger margin calls, leading to further selling of US Treasuries and a spiral decline. [3][14] 3.2 Another Risk Point of US Treasuries - In 2025, the total unpaid debt in the US has increased by 4.68% ($1.61 trillion) compared to 2024. As of April 3, 2025, the total national debt was $36.22 trillion, with about $6 trillion maturing from April to June. The average interest rate on US debt has risen significantly since 2021, increasing the proportion of debt - repayment expenditures. [4][21] - The US Treasury term structure is mainly mid - term notes (2 - 10 years). As of March 2025, mid - term notes accounted for 51.22% ($14.81 trillion) of the total outstanding public debt. [27] 3.3 US Treasury Outlook - In the short term, US Treasury yields may remain high because US hedge funds hold a large number of long positions in basis trading, and there is a negative feedback mechanism between basis trading and rising US Treasury yields. Short - term liquidity risks need to be vigilant, as high yields for a long time may lead to extreme situations such as an increase in loan default rates, a collapse of the high - yield bond market, and a crisis among small and medium - sized banks. [4][31] - In the long term, as the impact of tariffs on the economy becomes more obvious, global economic activities and trade slow down, and the US economy faces a risk of recession. Coupled with the Fed's interest - rate cut cycle, US Treasuries are expected to strengthen. The 10Y US Treasury yield is expected to fluctuate between 4% - 5% in the short term and may decline to below 4% in the long term. [4][31]

在美国对全球加征关税的背景下，美债到期收益率快速上行，美债价格和美元指数接连大跌。 以10年期美国国债为例，自4月7日以来，10年期美国国债回撤近4%，10年期美国国债的到期收益率曾 一度飙升至4.5%以上。 与此同时，美元指数接连大跌，4月11日盘中，美元指数一度跌破100点，为2023年7月以来首次。 美国国债接连大跌 近期，美国国债市场出现剧烈震荡，引发市场对美国债券市场的担忧。在关税引发的避险情绪推动下， 美国债券市场曾接连走高，10年期美国国债在4月7日一度上涨至114.10美元。 然而，自4月7日后，美国国债遭遇了一波抛售潮，导致美国债券到期收益率飙升，而美国债券价格却接 连大跌。10年期美国国债的到期收益率一度飙升至4.5%以上，10年期美国国债期货价格4月7日高点以 来的回撤幅度达3.75%。 美国前财长萨默斯日前已对美国经济衰退前景发出警告。萨默斯4月8日接受彭博社采访时表示，由于特 朗普政府正在实施的关税措施，美国目前可能正朝着经济衰退的方向发展，可能导致约200万美国人失 业，每个家庭将面临至少5000美元的收入损失。 中信建投证券发表研报称，本次关税博弈和近期历史上的数轮博弈不同，本轮 ...