春节前后，民航出行需求持续攀升。中国航空运输协会于1月29日发布《公共航空运输企业航班预留座 位规则（征求意见稿）》，首次以制度形式明确免费选座比例、增值服务边界与信息告知义务，让饱受 争议的值机锁座问题再度成为舆论焦点。新规能否真正治理行业乱象？ 赵先生乘坐的航班有大量热门空座被锁定。 某二手平台，提供付费选座/升舱服务的中介比比皆是。 | 新规对预留座位种类、范围、比例的说明 | | | --- | --- | | 国内航班免费可选座位范围 | | | 航班经济舱总座位数 | 免费可选座位范围 | | 小于160(含) | 不低于经济舱总座位数的70% | | 大于160(不含)小于200(含) | 不低于经济舱总座位数的75% | | 大于200(不含) | 不低于经济舱总座位数的80% | 运行保障性预留座位的范围、具体位置须符合相关法律、法规、规章要求及特殊旅客服务保障需求等， 增值服务性预留座位的具体位置由各公共航空运输企业根据游客需求确定。 遇特殊、重大保障任务及其他安全运行需要等特殊情形时，可根据实际需求预留。 痛点 看得见空位却难选 "看得见空位，却选不了座。"2月9日，旅客赵先生在办理值机 ...

按照中航协方面消息，相关标准将于近日向社会公开征求意见，并欢迎广大旅客和社会各界提出宝贵建 议。 据一位接近监管方的人士向《华夏时报》记者介绍，中国民航航班的"锁座"问题由来已久，最早是十多 年前部分航司将一些安全通道座位或是前排经济舱座位"明码标价"，旅客在值机时如果想要选择这些座 间距或是舒适度要强于普通经济舱的座位时，需要通过付费或是积分兑换等形式获得。"在当时就引发 了巨大争议，但因为波及面不大，而且相比较整体座位数量来说需要付费的只是少数，因此争议很快就 逐渐平息。" 但随着更多航司在近年来将更多数量的座位从此前免费选择变为付费或是积分兑换，使得乘客值机时的 选择大为减少，因此引发了新一轮的舆论风波。 2025年下半年，江苏省消费者权益保护委员会发布了一份针对10家主流航司的调查报告，调查选取了这 些航司的热门航线，模拟消费者购票和选座过程，重点考察锁座比例、区域分布和解锁机制。 该报告指出了包括国内航司存在优质座位过度锁定；解锁机制变相付费，挤压普通消费者权益；航司未 明确披露锁座规则、比例和定价标准以及运输协议中权利义务不对等，如免责条款过多，消费者权益保 障不足等一系列问题。 该报告认为，航司 ...

Core Viewpoint - The Jiangsu Consumer Protection Committee has released a report indicating that domestic airlines are locking a large number of seats for online check-in and promoting paid seat selection services, which allegedly infringes on consumers' rights to fair trade and autonomy [1][3]. Group 1: Technical Aspects of Seat Locking - Airlines lock seats for various reasons, including ensuring the balance of the aircraft, as the center of gravity must be maintained within a certain range for safety and efficiency [3][5]. - The locking of seats, particularly in preferred areas such as the front rows and emergency exit rows, is a common practice among airlines to control passenger distribution and maintain aircraft stability [4][5]. - For example, in a Boeing 737-800 with an economy layout, airlines may lock the first four and last three rows to prevent an imbalance in passenger seating [5][7]. Group 2: Marketing Aspects of Paid Seat Selection - Since 2023, the overall ticket prices in China's civil aviation have been declining, while airlines are under pressure to return to profitability after significant losses during the pandemic, leading to the introduction of paid services like seat selection [12][21]. - The practice of charging for seat selection is seen as a market-driven approach to enhance revenue, as airlines lower ticket prices but seek to compensate through ancillary services [12][21]. - In contrast to domestic airlines, U.S. airlines have a more transparent pricing model for seat selection, where specific seat types are clearly priced, allowing consumers to make informed choices [13][15]. Group 3: Public Service Attributes of Airlines - The Jiangsu Consumer Protection Committee argues that airlines have a public service obligation to provide consumers with the freedom to choose their seats, as purchasing a ticket establishes a contractual relationship [19][20]. - However, it is contended that the primary obligation of airlines is to transport passengers safely to their destinations, and not necessarily to fulfill specific seat selection requests [20][21]. - The concept of public service in aviation is highlighted by the need for airlines to maintain operations in underserved areas, reflecting their social responsibility beyond mere profit motives [20][21].