Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the phenomenon of "degree devaluation" in the context of the increasing number of university graduates in China, drawing parallels with Japan's historical experience during the 1990s economic downturn [2][3]. Group 1: Current Job Market Situation - The number of university graduates in 2023 is projected to reach a record 12.22 million, leading to the largest job-seeking wave in history [1]. - The offer acquisition rate for 2024 master's and doctoral graduates is only 44.4%, a decrease of 12.3% year-on-year, which is lower than the 45.4% rate for undergraduate graduates [1]. - The job market is increasingly competitive, with the employment rate for undergraduate graduates being lower than that of vocational school graduates [1]. Group 2: Historical Context and Lessons from Japan - Japan experienced a similar "degree devaluation" phenomenon in the 1990s, where a significant economic downturn led to a drastic drop in employment rates for university graduates [10][12]. - The 1990s marked a turning point for Japan, where the employment rate for graduates fell from 80% to below 70%, leading to a generation labeled as "lost" due to their struggles in the job market [10][30]. - The Japanese government attempted various measures to alleviate the employment crisis, including increasing the number of graduate students, but these efforts did not address the underlying issues of economic stagnation and job market demand [21][35]. Group 3: Economic Implications - The article highlights that the root cause of degree devaluation is not merely the oversupply of graduates but the lack of corresponding job opportunities due to economic stagnation and a failure to innovate [35][37]. - Japan's experience illustrates that without significant economic growth and innovation, an increase in educational attainment can lead to a surplus of graduates without adequate job prospects [35][37]. - The article concludes that creating new job opportunities through industrial upgrades and innovation is essential to prevent degree devaluation and ensure that higher education translates into economic productivity [35][37].

以下文章来源于华商韬略 ，作者华商韬略 华商韬略 . 聚焦标杆与热点、解构趋势与韬略 博士批量失业、大学生无奈啃老。 作者 | 大南 来源 | 华商韬略 （ID：hstl8888） 有人开玩笑说："21世纪最贵的是人才，21世纪贬值最快的却是学历。" 其实，"学历贬值"现象并非中国独有，隔壁的日本积累了近30年的"血泪经验"，其中的 得与失，极具参考价值。 01、迷失的一代 "只要考上大学，一辈子就稳了。"这是80年代日本人的信仰。 彼时的日本经济欣欣向荣，企业争相招聘大学生。为了吸引求职者，很多企业承诺：只 要来参加招聘会就提供午餐，附赠伴手礼。有的企业不仅会为入职员工提供免费公寓， 还报销搬家费、生活用品费。 三菱汽车为了吸引高学历人才，甚至推出过"入职就送汽车"的福利。 当时的日本大学生被称为"金蛋"，很多人还没毕业就收到了入职邀约：男生平均收到3 份，女生平均收到2.5份。东京大学、早稻田大学等名校毕业的"天之骄子"，工资更是 达到社会平均工资的三倍。 在学历崇拜的氛围下，日本社会兴起类似中国的"鸡娃热"。街头巷尾的学习塾内，学生 们拼命背着英语单词，疯狂刷着超纲试卷。据统计，1985年日本课外补习市 ...