每逢假期尾声，总会有人感到食欲缺乏、精神涣散，甚至还有人感到焦虑低落。这些表现被称为"节后 综合征"，本质是生活节奏骤变导致的身心失衡。无需过度担忧，通过科学方法调适，便能平稳从假日 模式过渡到日常工作生活轨道。 除了生理上的倦怠，心理上的"上班恐惧"或情绪低落也很常见。此时，积极的自我调适至关重要。工作 间隙可以进行短暂休息，通过深呼吸、练习八段锦等方式舒缓压力；多参与散步、快走等户外活动，既 能促进多巴胺分泌、提升愉悦感，也有助于吸收阳光，补充维生素D。同时，避免沉浸在消极比较或社 交媒体的信息流中，若感到烦闷，不妨积极与信任的亲友倾诉，往往比独自承受更为有效。 面对假期后的工作，不必硬逼自己"立刻进入状态"。不如给自己半天到一天的缓冲期，先从简单的工作 入手，比如整理文件、回复消息，再慢慢过渡到复杂任务。就像开车起步要慢慢加速，心态也需要循序 渐进，调整睡眠和饮食也是如此。 （王成阳 作者为安徽医科大学第四附属医院中医内科执行主任，本报记者罗阳奇采访整理） 假日期间，不规律的作息，会扰乱我们的生物钟。重建规律作息很重要：睡前应远离手机等电子设备， 可选择温水泡脚、听轻音乐的方式，让大脑慢慢放松；早晨坚持 ...

Core Viewpoint - A recent study from Central South University Xiangya Hospital highlights that excessive vigorous exercise can impair cognitive function through a muscle-derived mitochondrial vesicle called otMDV, emphasizing the importance of maintaining moderate exercise intensity for brain health [4][7]. Group 1: Relationship Between Exercise and Cognitive Function - The relationship between exercise and health follows an "inverted J-shaped" curve, indicating that moderate exercise promotes health, while excessive exercise can lead to adverse effects such as muscle fatigue and cardiovascular dysfunction [6]. - The study analyzed data from over 300,000 participants in the UK Biobank, revealing a "J-shaped" relationship between exercise and cognitive function, where moderate exercise is beneficial, but exceeding a certain threshold leads to cognitive decline [9]. - The optimal "dose" of vigorous exercise is approximately 1216 MET-min per week; exceeding this threshold results in a decline in cognitive function, a pattern validated across different age and gender groups [9]. Group 2: Mechanisms of Cognitive Impairment Due to Excessive Exercise - Excessive vigorous exercise leads to lactate accumulation in muscles, stimulating the secretion of otMDV, which can cross the blood-brain barrier and interfere with mitochondrial function in hippocampal neurons, crucial for learning and memory [11]. - OtMDV disrupts synaptic function through two mechanisms: first, it binds to the mitochondrial anchoring protein Syntaphilin, preventing normal mitochondria from anchoring at synapses; second, the mtDNA carried by otMDV activates the cGAS-STING signaling pathway, inhibiting the transport of the neuron’s own mitochondria to energy-demanding synaptic sites [13][14]. - These mechanisms collectively lead to a synaptic energy crisis, resulting in synaptic loss and cognitive decline [15]. Group 3: Human Study and Implications - A clinical trial involving 40 regular exercisers divided into moderate and excessive exercise groups showed that the excessive exercise group had significantly higher levels of PAF+ MDV in their blood, with decreased neural activity in the hippocampus and poorer performance in fluid intelligence and digit memory tests [18]. - The level of PAF+ MDV was directly correlated with the degree of cognitive decline, indicating the real risks of excessive exercise in humans [18]. Group 4: Potential Strategies for Prevention and Treatment - The research team developed neutralizing antibodies targeting the PAF protein, which effectively blocked the cognitive impairment caused by otMDV in animal experiments, suggesting a new avenue for treating cognitive disorders related to excessive exercise [20]. - Key factors include controlling the duration of intense exercise, with short bursts (15-45 minutes) causing only temporary lactate elevation, while prolonged intense exercise (over 60 minutes) leads to sustained high lactate levels and otMDV secretion [20]. - The study emphasizes the importance of moderation in exercise, listening to bodily feedback, diversifying exercise routines, and ensuring adequate rest and recovery [20].

Group 1 - The article discusses the arrival of the "Li Qiu" (Beginning of Autumn) solar term, indicating a transition from summer to autumn, despite the lingering heat [1][8]. - It highlights traditional customs associated with "Li Qiu," such as eating watermelon or cantaloupe, referred to as "bite autumn," symbolizing the end of summer heat and the anticipation of harvest [8][10]. - The article emphasizes the importance of balanced nutrition during this season, suggesting that "Ti Qiu Piao" (a practice of gaining weight in autumn) should not only focus on meat but also on a well-rounded diet [10]. Group 2 - The article mentions the significance of "Shai Qiu" (sun drying in autumn), a traditional agricultural practice that celebrates the joy of harvest, which has been followed for centuries in some regions [13]. - It advises on dietary preferences for the autumn season, recommending a shift towards sour flavors and a reduction in spicy foods to prevent dryness and maintain health [18]. - The article encourages physical activity during this time, coinciding with the Chengdu World University Games, promoting the idea of striving for excellence in personal endeavors [20].