Core Viewpoint - The Yarlung Tsangpo River downstream hydropower project (referred to as "Yaxia Project") has become a highlight in the A-share market in July, with significant market enthusiasm following its announcement and subsequent stock price surges [1][2]. Market Reaction - The Yaxia Project's groundbreaking ceremony on July 19 led to a rapid increase in the Yaxia concept index, which rose nearly 40% over four trading days, with 33 stocks hitting the daily limit on the first trading day [1]. - Following the initial excitement, the market began to rationalize, with the Yaxia concept index experiencing a correction of over 3% from its peak [1]. Stock Performance - Leading stocks like Shanhe Intelligent saw a near 100% increase since July 21, while others like Zhongyan Dadi faced significant declines, returning to their initial prices or even lower [1]. - The volatility in stock performance highlights the divergence in investor sentiment and the impact of speculative trading [2]. Characteristics of Theme Trading - Theme trading in the A-share market often experiences significant fluctuations, primarily driven by speculative sentiment rather than fundamental business performance [2][3]. - As the market matures, investors tend to revert to rationality, leading to a prolonged value correction for theme stocks lacking substantial financial returns [2]. Historical Context - The Yaxia Project's dynamics mirror past theme trading examples, such as the Xiong'an New Area concept, which saw initial surges followed by long-term corrections due to a lack of fundamental support [3][4]. - Stocks that do not have direct benefits from the project often experience sharp declines once the initial excitement fades [4]. Valuation Concerns - The rapid price increases in the Yaxia sector have likely already reflected the expected incremental benefits from the project, making further price appreciation challenging without new catalysts [5][6]. - For instance, the projected demand for explosives in the Yaxia Project indicates a potential annual revenue of approximately 2.44 billion yuan, but the current valuations of related companies may already exceed historical averages [6][7]. Investment Strategy - Investors are advised to focus on companies with substantial business operations and financial performance rather than merely chasing speculative themes [9][10]. - The complexity and long duration of projects like the Yaxia Project make it difficult for average investors to align their investment horizons with project timelines, leading to potential misalignment and speculative behavior [9][10].