"就拿土木结构粮仓来说，整体结构由泥土、砖石、木材搭建，密封性差，防潮、防虫能力弱。每 到雨季就要担心粮食受潮发霉、虫害侵袭。那时的守粮人日夜操心，就怕粮食有闪失。"吴子丹说。当 时，浙江余杭和河北玉田老一辈的守粮人带头提出"宁流千滴汗，不坏一粒粮"的口号，创造了许多人工 灭虫、干燥防霉和防鼠雀的土办法，尽力减少储粮损失。 人民日报记者 欧阳洁 杨迅 核心阅读 夏粮丰收，来自沃野田畴的粮食，"住"进了新型粮仓。 从土木粮仓到智慧绿色粮仓，从靠天储粮到智能管粮，从吃得饱到吃得好、吃得健康，几十年间的 粮仓变迁史，也是一部粮食安全的升级史。记者采访专家、实地探访，探究我国粮仓的变迁之路。 我国作为农业大国，解决好14亿多人的吃饭问题，始终是治国理政的头等大事。而粮食仓储设施水 平，直接影响着粮食收储能力和粮食储存安全，是实现粮食安全的重要保障。目前，全国粮食标准仓房 完好仓容超7亿吨，实现低温准低温储粮仓容超2亿吨，应用气调储粮技术仓容超5500万吨。 初创：条件简陋，仓储效率有限 吴子丹是原国家粮食局副局长，在粮食领域工作了一辈子，了解并见证了我国粮仓的一路变迁。他 介绍，早期的粮仓多是简陋的土木结构仓房，有些 ...

初创：条件简陋，仓储效率有限 吴子丹是原国家粮食局副局长，在粮食领域工作了一辈子，了解并见证了我国粮仓的一路变迁。他介 绍，早期的粮仓多是简陋的土木结构仓房，有些还是由祠堂、庙宇、民房改建而成，每仓容量仅3万至6 万公斤。这种粮仓仅靠自然通风和简单的防虫措施保管粮食，条件差、损耗大、管理不便。而且，还有 大量粮食储存在露天席茓囤（用席子和茓子围成的传统圆形储粮工具）中，虫害、鼠害更严重，粮食损 失巨大。 图①：钢筋席茓囤。 图②：位于四川成都的中储粮气膜仓。 以上图片均为国家粮食和物资储备局科学研究院提供 数据来源：国家粮食和物资储备局等 核心阅读 夏粮丰收，来自沃野田畴的粮食，"住"进了新型粮仓。 从土木粮仓到智慧绿色粮仓，从靠天储粮到智能管粮，从吃得饱到吃得好、吃得健康，几十年间的粮仓 变迁史，也是一部粮食安全的升级史。记者采访专家、实地探访，探究我国粮仓的变迁之路。 我国作为农业大国，解决好14亿多人的吃饭问题，始终是治国理政的头等大事。而粮食仓储设施水平， 直接影响着粮食收储能力和粮食储存安全，是实现粮食安全的重要保障。目前，全国粮食标准仓房完好 仓容超7亿吨，实现低温准低温储粮仓容超2亿吨，应用气调 ...

核心阅读 夏粮丰收，来自沃野田畴的粮食，"住"进了新型粮仓。 从土木粮仓到智慧绿色粮仓，从靠天储粮到智能管粮，从吃得饱到吃得好、吃得健康，几十年间的粮仓 变迁史，也是一部粮食安全的升级史。记者采访专家、实地探访，探究我国粮仓的变迁之路。 我国作为农业大国，解决好14亿多人的吃饭问题，始终是治国理政的头等大事。而粮食仓储设施水平， 直接影响着粮食收储能力和粮食储存安全，是实现粮食安全的重要保障。目前，全国粮食标准仓房完好 仓容超7亿吨，实现低温准低温储粮仓容超2亿吨，应用气调储粮技术仓容超5500万吨。 初创：条件简陋，仓储效率有限 吴子丹是原国家粮食局副局长，在粮食领域工作了一辈子，了解并见证了我国粮仓的一路变迁。他介 绍，早期的粮仓多是简陋的土木结构仓房，有些还是由祠堂、庙宇、民房改建而成，每仓容量仅3万至6 万公斤。这种粮仓仅靠自然通风和简单的防虫措施保管粮食，条件差、损耗大、管理不便。而且，还有 大量粮食储存在露天席茓囤（用席子和茓子围成的传统圆形储粮工具）中，虫害、鼠害更严重，粮食损 失巨大。 "就拿土木结构粮仓来说，整体结构由泥土、砖石、木材搭建，密封性差，防潮、防虫能力弱。每到雨 季就要担心粮食受 ...

Core Insights - The article discusses advanced technologies used in grain storage facilities in China, highlighting innovations that enhance food safety and storage efficiency. Group 1: Grain Storage Innovations - The new shallow round silos in Henan can store 9,800 tons of wheat each, occupying only 1/4 of the area of traditional flat warehouses, allowing one person to manage 3 to 4 silos remotely through an automated control system [1] - The working tower associated with the shallow round silos has a design capacity of 200 tons per hour, enabling the storage of 10,000 tons of grain in just three to four days [2] - The gas membrane silos in Hunan, designed to hold 9,000 tons, utilize a three-layer structure to maintain high airtightness, significantly improving grain preservation in humid southern climates [3] Group 2: Historical Context and Evolution - The article traces the evolution of grain storage from the ancient Li Yang granary, which could store over 30 million jin (approximately 15,000 tons) of grain, to modern automated systems [5] - The historical Li Yang granary, established in 583 AD, served as a crucial national granary and transit point, showcasing the long-standing importance of grain storage in Chinese history [5] - The transition from traditional earth round granaries to semi-automated and modern flat warehouses reflects advancements in grain storage technology over the decades [6][8] Group 3: Structural Comparisons - The article compares cylindrical silos and flat warehouses, noting that cylindrical structures distribute internal pressure evenly, while flat warehouses offer easier maintenance and operational flexibility [10] - Cylindrical silos, such as shallow round and upright silos, are more stable under pressure, while flat warehouses, like the newly built residential-style warehouses, provide better adaptability for different grain types [10]

Core Viewpoint - The article highlights the innovative achievements in grain storage pest control technology, specifically the "Smart Monitoring and Green Control Integrated Technology for Grain Storage Pests," which addresses significant challenges in pest management and grain safety in China [1][2]. Group 1: Technological Innovations - The developed technology includes a novel olfactory detection system based on the volatile characteristics of storage pests, marking a first in the field [1]. - The application of gene interference technology in pest control fills a gap in the evaluation methods for pest management effectiveness [1]. - A real-time monitoring and early warning system based on carbon dioxide signals has been created to address the challenges of precise pest monitoring [2]. Group 2: Impact on Grain Storage - Over 50% of annual grain losses in China are attributed to storage pests, highlighting the critical need for effective pest management solutions [1]. - The new technology has been implemented in over 200 grain storage facilities and production enterprises, protecting a total of 13 million tons of stored grain [2]. - The technology aims to replace traditional phosphine fumigation methods, which face issues such as resistance and ecological risks, with new solutions like ethyl formate and industrial radio frequency pest control [2]. Group 3: Future Prospects - The technology is expected to be further promoted across national grain storage enterprises, enhancing the conversion of scientific achievements into practical applications [2]. - The establishment of the first evaluation method for pest control technology provides a scientific basis for assessing the effectiveness of these innovations [2].

Core Viewpoint - The article highlights the advancements in grain logistics and storage in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, particularly in Dongguan, showcasing the integration of technology in enhancing efficiency and management in grain supply chains [1][9]. Group 1: Grain Logistics and Processing - The summer grain harvest and procurement have commenced, with a significant portion of the grain entering logistics and processing stages [1]. - Dongguan's Shenchiwang Port features specialized grain terminals capable of unloading up to 4,000 tons per hour, facilitating efficient grain supply [3]. - The grain hub spans over 350 acres, equivalent to 33 standard football fields, and utilizes modern technology for remote monitoring and management [4]. Group 2: Technological Integration - The grain hub employs a digital control center that manages over a thousand devices, optimizing grain flow and minimizing traffic congestion [6]. - Real-time monitoring and digital twin technology are utilized to enhance operational efficiency, allowing for precise management of grain storage conditions [8][11]. - Each batch of grain has a dedicated digital record, enabling quality monitoring and traceability throughout the storage process [15]. Group 3: Agricultural Support and Community Engagement - The Greater Bay Area has established 11 standardized supply farms and 4 service stations, connecting over 30,000 farming households through an "order agriculture + full-service" model [9][17]. - The region is developing a comprehensive grain industry chain service that includes order procurement, drying, processing, and storage, fostering closer ties with local farmers [17]. Group 4: Green Storage Initiatives - China has identified seven ecological zones for grain storage, promoting "green ecological storage" as a mainstream direction for modern grain management [18][20]. - The southern ecological zone faces challenges due to high temperatures and humidity, necessitating advanced monitoring and pest control technologies [22]. - Innovative biological pest control methods, such as the use of predatory mites, are being implemented to manage grain pests without introducing new ecological threats [26][28].

Core Insights - The article highlights the advancements in grain storage technology in Henan province, emphasizing the importance of efficient grain collection and preservation methods to ensure food security in China [2][9][24]. Group 1: Grain Collection and Processing - Henan province accounts for one-fourth of the national summer grain production, consistently exceeding 750 billion jin (approximately 375 million tons) annually [2]. - Due to weather conditions, wheat procurement in Henan has started about 10 days earlier than usual, with 548.1 million tons of new wheat purchased as of June 24 [4]. - The use of a WeChat mini-program for grain sales has significantly reduced the time required for farmers to sell their grain [2]. Group 2: Storage Technology Innovations - Modern grain storage facilities in Henan, such as the new circular silos, can hold 9,800 tons of wheat while occupying only one-fourth the area of traditional flat warehouses [9]. - Automated control systems allow for real-time monitoring of grain conditions, enhancing management efficiency [9]. - The design capacity of the grain storage system is 200 tons per hour, allowing for rapid entry and exit of grain [11]. Group 3: Advanced Storage Solutions - The article discusses the construction of gas membrane grain warehouses in Hunan, which are designed to maintain optimal storage conditions and prevent spoilage due to high humidity [15][17]. - The gas membrane warehouses have a height of 26.6 meters and a diameter of 24 meters, providing a significant storage capacity while ensuring a controlled environment [15]. - The use of nitrogen gas technology in these warehouses enhances their airtightness, prolonging the freshness of stored grain [19]. Group 4: Historical Context of Grain Storage - The article contrasts modern storage methods with historical grain storage practices, such as the ancient Li Yang granaries, which were capable of storing over 30 million jin (approximately 15,000 tons) of grain [26]. - The evolution from traditional storage methods to modern automated systems reflects advancements in technology and the growing importance of food security [24][30]. Group 5: Comparative Analysis of Storage Structures - The article compares cylindrical silos and building-style warehouses, noting that cylindrical structures distribute internal pressure evenly, while building-style warehouses offer easier maintenance and lower construction costs [37]. - The choice of storage structure is influenced by factors such as safety, investment costs, and operational efficiency [39].

Core Viewpoint - The article highlights the advancements in grain storage technology in China, showcasing various modern storage facilities that utilize automation and innovative materials to enhance grain safety and efficiency. Group 1: Modern Grain Storage Technologies - The new shallow round silos in Zhengzhou can store 9,800 tons of wheat each, occupying only a quarter of the space of traditional flat warehouses, allowing one person to manage multiple silos remotely through an automated control system [3][6] - The work tower associated with the shallow round silos has a processing capacity of 200 tons per hour, enabling the storage of 10,000 tons of grain in just three to four days [6] - The gas membrane silos under construction in Changsha can hold 9,000 tons of grain and are designed to maintain optimal storage conditions, significantly improving grain preservation in humid southern climates [7][9] Group 2: Historical Context of Grain Storage - The article references the historical significance of the Liyang granary, established in 583 AD, which could store over 30 million jin (approximately 15 million kg) of grain, sufficient for 80,000 people for a year [13] - The evolution of grain storage from traditional earth round granaries to modern flat warehouses illustrates the advancements in technology and efficiency in grain management [17][19] Group 3: Comparison of Storage Structures - The article compares cylindrical silos (shallow round and upright) with flat warehouses, noting that cylindrical structures distribute internal pressure evenly, making them more stable [21] - Flat warehouses, while easier to construct and maintain, offer more organized internal space for grain management, making them suitable for different grain types [23]

Core Insights - The Wuhan government reserve grain depot project has officially completed construction and is now operational, addressing the city's grain storage pressure and enhancing emergency food security capabilities [2][3] - The project occupies an area of 225 acres with a total investment of 588 million yuan, featuring 10 new large flat warehouses and 2 finished grain warehouses, with a total storage capacity of 220,000 tons, making it the largest single-capacity reserve grain depot in Wuhan [2][3] - The facility integrates advanced green and intelligent grain storage technologies, including a smart grain management platform that encompasses eight systems for efficient grain handling and monitoring, achieving a storage loss rate of less than 1% [2][3] Infrastructure and Operations - The reserve grain depot combines storage, processing, quality inspection, and logistics, with two finished grain low-temperature warehouses capable of precise temperature control and a raw grain processing line with a daily processing capacity of 300 tons [3] - The intelligent cleaning center has a processing capacity of 250 tons per hour, ensuring efficient operation throughout the grain storage and processing workflow [3] - The establishment of this grain depot is significant for exploring new operational models for government reserve grain depots and constructing a comprehensive food security reserve system in Wuhan [3] Future Developments - Currently, there are two additional reserve grain depots under construction, with a total capacity of 150,000 tons, which will increase the total storage capacity in the city to nearly 1 million tons, sufficient to meet the food needs of Wuhan residents for approximately three months [6]

Core Viewpoint - The development of modern grain storage facilities in China is significantly influenced by technological advancements, aiming to enhance grain storage capacity, safety, and quality to meet consumer demands and ensure national food security [1][4]. Group 1: Technological Innovations in Grain Storage - The National Grain and Material Reserve Bureau has introduced innovative technologies such as smart green storage systems, pest monitoring, and intelligent sampling systems to support modern grain storage [1][2]. - New types of grain storage facilities, such as the 9000-ton membrane silos, are being constructed, showcasing improved insulation, airtightness, and water resistance, marking a new phase in modern grain storage [2][3]. - The integration of IoT, big data, and AI in grain management is transforming traditional practices into smart storage solutions, enhancing monitoring and operational efficiency [7][8]. Group 2: Green and Intelligent Storage Practices - The grain storage industry is undergoing a "green revolution," focusing on quality and safety through low-temperature storage, nitrogen gas treatment, and biological pest control methods [4][5]. - The establishment of 100 green storage technology demonstration sites across seven ecological zones aims to promote the application of advanced storage technologies [6]. - Intelligent monitoring systems and automated processes are being implemented to ensure real-time oversight and improve the efficiency of grain storage operations [9][10]. Group 3: Industry Impact and Future Outlook - The modernization of grain storage facilities is crucial for maintaining food security in China, with over 7 billion tons of standard storage capacity currently available [2][3]. - The shift towards intelligent and automated grain storage solutions is expected to enhance safety, efficiency, and overall management of grain resources in the future [10].