Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the development of a deep learning system called DeepRETStroke, which utilizes retinal images to detect silent brain infarction (SBI) and predict stroke risk, providing a cost-effective and non-invasive method for identifying high-risk populations [2][3][12]. Summary by Sections Traditional Stroke Risk Assessment - Traditional stroke risk assessments rely on clinical risk factors primarily from self-reported data, which have shown limited accuracy in identifying high-risk individuals, with consistency indices ranging from 0.58 to 0.73 [2]. Development of DeepRETStroke - The research team developed DeepRETStroke, a deep learning system that detects SBI and predicts stroke risk using only retinal images, eliminating the need for brain imaging [3][12]. Importance of Detecting SBI - SBI affects nearly 20% of the general population, indicating potential ischemic cerebrovascular disease and an increased risk of future strokes. Identifying SBI can help in better risk stratification and management of patients [6][12]. Limitations of Current Imaging Techniques - Current imaging techniques like MRI and CT for detecting SBI are impractical and costly for general screening, highlighting the need for simpler and more economical detection methods [7][8]. Advancements in Retinal Imaging - Recent advancements in medical imaging and deep learning emphasize the retina as a unique window to observe the brain, with retinal vessels sharing similarities with cerebral vessels, allowing for non-invasive early detection of cerebrovascular changes [8]. Research Methodology - The study involved three phases: pre-training DeepRETStroke with 895,640 retinal images, validating the system with 213,762 images from multiple countries, and conducting a real-world proof-of-concept study [9]. Performance Metrics - DeepRETStroke demonstrated strong performance in predicting new strokes with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.901 and for recurrent strokes with an AUC of 0.769, showing consistent results across various datasets [9]. Real-World Validation - A prospective study involving 218 stroke patients showed that DeepRETStroke could stratify stroke risk effectively, leading to an 82.44% reduction in recurrent stroke events through appropriate interventions [10][12].

Group 1 - The study indicates that for low-risk acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients, reducing the traditional monitoring frequency from 37 to 17 times within 24 hours is both safe and effective, optimizing medical resource allocation [1][3] - The research involved a collaboration among teams from Fudan University, Johns Hopkins University, and other institutions, covering 4,922 patients across 114 hospitals in 8 countries [1][2] - The findings were published in The Lancet, highlighting the results of the OPTIMISTmain trial, which focuses on monitoring frequency after venous thrombolysis for brain infarction [1][2] Group 2 - Acute stroke is the second leading cause of death and the third leading cause of disability globally, making stroke prevention and treatment a public health priority [2] - The traditional monitoring protocol, established in the 1990s, is resource-intensive and can interfere with patient rest and nursing staff's ability to provide education and support [2][3] - The study found no significant differences in key outcomes such as 90-day poor prognosis, incidence of brain hemorrhage, and serious adverse events between the two monitoring groups [3] Group 3 - The implementation of low-intensity monitoring led to a 30% reduction in ICU admission rates in U.S. hospitals, alleviating pressure on nursing resources [3] - The research team recommends incorporating the low-intensity monitoring protocol for low-risk patients into clinical guidelines to benefit more healthcare systems and patients [3] - Future research includes the establishment of a global research collaboration platform called "ACT-GLOBAL," aiming to enhance clinical trial efficiency by 40% and reduce research cycles by 30% [4]

Core Insights - The five-year survival rate for cancer patients in China has increased from 33.3% a decade ago to 43.7% by the end of 2023, indicating significant progress in cancer treatment and management [1] - This improvement translates to saving approximately 500,000 lives annually [1] Summary by Category Cancer Survival Rates - The five-year survival rate for cancer patients in China has risen to 43.7% as of 2023, up from 33.3% ten years prior [1] Impact on Patients - The increase in survival rates equates to an additional 500,000 patients being saved each year [1]

Core Insights - The recent conference in Suzhou focused on advancements in the diagnosis and treatment of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL), aiming to enhance the standard of care in Jiangsu Province [1][2] - ALL accounts for 30% to 40% of acute leukemia cases, primarily affecting adults aged 30 to 40, with poor prognosis for patients over 40 and those with relapsed or refractory cases [1] Group 1: Current Status and Challenges - Significant improvements in survival rates for ALL patients have been observed due to advancements in treatment technologies, including bispecific antibodies and CAR T-cell therapy [2] - Despite these advancements, there are still unmet needs in clinical diagnosis and treatment, particularly in grassroots medical institutions, leading to a lack of standardized care for many patients [2] Group 2: Initiatives and Future Directions - The Jiangsu ALL Working Group has been established to explore standardized treatment pathways and improve overall care quality, focusing on the development of clinical pathways for ph+/ph- B-ALL [2] - The group aims to enhance regional diagnostic and treatment levels through regular academic exchanges, case consultations, and research initiatives, ultimately striving for a uniform standard of care across the province [2][3] - Future efforts will include optimizing standardized treatment pathways and promoting the "Jiangsu experience" nationwide to improve ALL care for more patients [3]

Core Insights - The article discusses the increase of abdominal fat with age, highlighting its health risks such as diabetes and heart disease [1][2] - A recent study from the "City of Hope" National Medical Center reveals that aging fat cell progenitors (APCs) become more active, leading to increased fat cell production [1] - The study identifies a specific signaling pathway, leukemia inhibitory factor receptor (LIFR), that drives the transformation of APCs into more powerful "super craftsmen" known as age-specific preadipocytes (CP-As) [2] Group 1 - Aging leads to the transformation of fat cell progenitors (APCs) that become more active and produce more fat cells, contributing to abdominal obesity [1] - The emergence of age-specific preadipocytes (CP-As) during middle age explains the increase in waist circumference even without significant weight gain [2] - The LIFR signaling pathway is crucial for the proliferation of CP-As, which results in the accumulation of abdominal fat [2] Group 2 - The findings provide insights into the mechanisms behind age-related obesity and suggest potential therapeutic approaches to combat this issue [2]

Core Insights - A recent study led by Professor Wang Jian'an's team compared the clinical outcomes of coronary angiography-derived fractional flow reserve (FFR) guided intervention strategies with intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) guided strategies in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) [1][2] - The study found that in non-complex CAD patients, the angiography-derived FFR guided intervention strategy is not inferior to the IVUS guided strategy in clinical outcomes and has the advantage of reducing stent implantation [1] Group 1 - Coronary artery disease is a major global health threat caused by narrowing or blockage of coronary arteries, leading to myocardial ischemia and related conditions [1] - Fractional flow reserve is a critical functional indicator for assessing coronary blood flow, essential for developing appropriate treatment strategies in CAD interventions [1] Group 2 - Traditional invasive FFR is widely recognized but is complex and carries certain risks, while IVUS provides direct visualization of vascular structures but is also an invasive procedure [2] - The emergence of imaging-derived FFR technology offers a non-invasive alternative that simplifies the procedure, requiring only angiography without additional guidewires or vasodilators [2] - The study provides a simpler decision-making and optimization tool for percutaneous coronary intervention, contributing strong evidence for future updates to cardiovascular intervention guidelines [2]

德岛大学医院开发的方法是将利用患者自己的干细胞制成的胰岛素生成细胞移植给患者，以补充 胰岛素。据悉移植后几乎不会出现排异反应，且不像iPS细胞那样需要进行基因导入，不易产生 基因错误…… 日本德岛大学医院的池本哲也教授等人3月24日表示，最早将于2025年夏季开始临床试验，利用从患者 自己的脂肪中提取的干细胞来治疗1型糖尿病。通过特殊方式将干细胞培养成胰岛素生成细胞，并将其 移植给患者，以期根治糖尿病。力争在2030年左右实现实用化。 1型糖尿病是一种因自身免疫反应导致降低血糖的胰岛素生成细胞受损的疾病，据推算日本国内有10万 ~14万患者。这种疾病多发于年轻人，与受生活习惯影响的2型糖尿病不同。患者可能出现失明及心肌 梗塞等并发症，需要自行注射胰岛素。 关于1型糖尿病的治疗，日本京都大学医院也计划2025年开始移植利用iPS细胞制成的分泌胰岛素的胰岛 细胞的临床试验，治疗方法的开发竞争日益激烈。 德岛大学医院的池本教授谈到自己团队开发的方法表示："由于是来自自己的细胞，移植后几乎不会出 现排异反应，且不像iPS细胞那样需要进行基因导入，因此不易产生基因错误，这是一大优势"。 版权声明：日本经济新闻社版权所有 ...